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Analysis of Authentication Vulnerabilities and Mitigating Methods in V2G Networks

V2G 네트워크에서의 인증 취약점 및 완화 기법 분석

  • Khadka Namrata (ISAA Lab., Dep of Cyber Security, Ajou University ) ;
  • Lelisa Adeba Jilcha (ISAA Lab., Dep of AI Convergence Network, Ajou University ) ;
  • Deuk-Hun Kim (Inst. for Computing and Informatics Research, Ajou University) ;
  • Jin Kwak (Department of Cyber Security, Ajou University)
  • 가드가 나무라타 (아주대학교 사이버보안학과, 정보보호응용및보증연구실) ;
  • 레리사 아데바 질차 (아주대학교 AI융합네트워크학과, 정보보호응용및보증연구실) ;
  • 김득훈 (아주대학교 소프트웨어융합연구소) ;
  • 곽진 (아주대학교 사이버보안학과)
  • Published : 2025.05.29

Abstract

The Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) paradigm facilitates bi-directional energy and data exchange between Electric Vehicles (EVs) and the Smart Grid, enhancing power distribution efficiency and dynamic grid interaction. However, this open communication framework presents authentication-related security risks, particularly impersonation, Man-in-the-Middle (MITM), and replay attacks. This paper offers a focused analysis of these vulnerabilities by reviewing typical attack models and evaluating how current authentication protocols respond to them. Special attention is given to lightweight, certificate-based mutual authentication mechanisms employing Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). Through step-wise examination, the paper assesses the strength and limitations of these strategies in practical V2G environments, highlighting deployment challenges and security considerations.

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Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program(RS-2024-00443436) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry Energy(MOTIE, Korea).