Surgical Technique for Korean Artificial Heart(AnyHeart) Implantation Using a Right Thoracotomy Approach

우측 개흉술을 이용한 한국형 인공심장(AnyHeart)의 이식기법

  • Son. Ho-Sung (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery / Anesthesiology, Korea University) ;
  • Sun, Kyung (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery / Anesthesiology, Korea University) ;
  • Shin, Jae-Seung (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery / Anesthesiology, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Ho (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery / Anesthesiology, Korea University) ;
  • Jung, Jae-Seung (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery / Anesthesiology, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Hye-Won (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery / Anesthesiology, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Kwang-Taik (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery / Anesthesiology, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Seung-Chul (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, HanMaEum Hospital) ;
  • Won, Yong-Soon (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, SoonChunHyang University) ;
  • Min, Byoung-Goo (Department of Biomedical Engineering Surgery, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyoung-Mook (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery / Anesthesiology, Korea University)
  • 손호성 (고려대학교 흉부외과/마취과) ;
  • 선경 (고려대학교 흉부외과/마취과) ;
  • 신재승 (고려대학교 흉부외과/마취과) ;
  • 이성호 (고려대학교 흉부외과/마취과) ;
  • 정재승 (고려대학교 흉부외과/마취과) ;
  • 이혜원 (고려대학교 흉부외과/마취과) ;
  • 김광택 (고려대학교 흉부외과/마취과) ;
  • 김승철 (한마음병원 흉부외과) ;
  • 원용순 (순천향대학교 흉부외과) ;
  • 민병구 (서울대학교 의공학과) ;
  • 김형묵 (고려대학교 흉부외과/마취과)
  • Published : 2002.05.01

Abstract

Background: The surgical technique for biventricular assist device(BVAD) implantation has mainly consisted of cannulation procedures. A median sternotomy has been the technique of choice as it gives a surgeon an excellent exposure of the heart. However, considering that most patients require a future sternotomy or already have a previous sternotomy, sternotomy-related complication remains a major concern in BVAD implantation. Based on this consideration as well as the clinical experiences of conventional heart surgery, the authors have hypothesized that the cardiac chambers for BVAD cannulation can be approached from the right side of the heart. The purpose of this studs to develop a novel surgical technique of right thoracotomy for BVAD implantation in an animals study. Material and Method: For last two years, 16 (11 calves, 3 canines, and 2 sheep) out of 30 experimental animals with AnyHeart implantation underwent a right thoracotomy. The device was used as an implantable BVAD in 14 animals, a wearable BVAD in 1, and an implantable LVAD in 1. The chest cavity was entered through the 4th intercostal space or the 5th periosteal bed. As for the BVAD use, a right inflow cannula was inserted into the right atrial free wall and a right outflow cannula was grafted onto the main pulmonary artery. A left inflow cannula was inserted into the interatrial groove and a left outflow cannula was grafted on the innominate artery of the ascending aorta. The connecting tubes were brought out through the thoracotomy wound and connected to the pump located in the subcutaneous pocket at the right flank. Result: Except for the 5 animals for a lilting test or during the early learning curve, all recovered smoothly from the procedures. The inflow drainage allowed the pump output 6.5 L/min at the maximum with 3-3.5 L/min in an average. Of the survivors, there noted no procedure-related mortality or morbidity. Necropsy findings demonstrated the well-positioned cannula tips in the each cardiac chamber

배경: 한국형 인공심장(AnyHeartTM)은 단심보조장치, 체네 이식형 양심보조장치, 인공심장, 그리고 생명 유지를 위한 체외순환 장치 등 다양한 형태로 사용이 가능한 장치이다. 그 중에서도 체내 이식형 양심보조장치는 가장 독특한 형태이다. 양심보초장치 이식의 외과적 술기는 주로 삽관으로 구성되어 있고, 흉골 정중절개는 외과의사가 심장의 노출을 충분히 할 수 있어서 가장 선호되어 온 방법이다. 그러나 환자가 흉골 정중절개를 이미 시행 받은 경우나, 또는 차후에 환자 대부분이 흉골 정중절개가 필요한 것을 감안하면 재개흉에 따른 합병증은 양심보조장치 이식에 있어서 중요하게 고려해야 할 부분이다. 일반적인 심장 수술의 임상경험에 근거하여, 저자들은 양심보조장치 이식에 있어서, 도관의 상관을 위한 접근이 심장의 우측에서도 가능할 것이라고 가정하였다. 이번 연구의 목적은 동물실험에서 양심보조장치의 이식을 위한 우측 개흉술의 수술 기법을 개발하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 지난 2년 동안, 30차례의 AnyHeart$^{TM}$ 이식실험 중 16례가(11 calves, 3 canines, and 2 sheep) 우측 개흉술로 이루어졌다. 기계장치는 14례의 동물에서 체내 이식형 양심보조장치로 시술 되었으며, 체외형 양심보조장치와 체내 이식형 좌심실보조장치로 시술된 경우가 각각 1례씩이었다. 수술은 4번째 늑간를 통하여 우측 흉강으로 진입하였고, 양심보조장치의 경우에 우측 유입 도관은 우심방의 free wall에 삽관 하였고, 유춘도관은 인조혈관을 이용하여 주폐동맥애 측단 문합하였다. 좌측 유입도관은 심방격을 통하여 좌심방에 삽관하였고, 유출도관을 무명동맥에 인조현관을 이장하여 측단 문한하였다. 각각의 도관은 피하터널을 통해 우측 옆구리에 위치한 펌프와 연결하였다. 결과: Fitting test와 초기 실험의 5례를 제외하고 모든 실험 동물은 수술 후 회복되었다. 펌프의 유출량은 최고 6.5L/min였고, 평균 3~3.5L/min로 측정되었다. 수술과 관련된 사망이나 이환율은 없었다. 모든 실험 도물은 부검을 하였으며, 부검 결과 도관이 위치는 모두 각각의 심방내에 적절하게 위치하고 있었다.

Keywords

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