The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

The Korean Society of Pharmacology (대한약리학회)
권호 표지

Activation of Vestibular Neurons Projecting to Autonomic Brain Stem Nuclei Following Acute Hypotension in Rats

  • Choi, Dong-Ok (Department of Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine and Vestibulocochlear Research Center at Wonkwang University) ;
  • Yon, Chon-Il (Department of Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine and Vestibulocochlear Research Center at Wonkwang University) ;
  • Choi, Myoung-Ae (Department of Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine and Vestibulocochlear Research Center at Wonkwang University) ;
  • Park, Byung-Rim (Department of Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine and Vestibulocochlear Research Center at Wonkwang University) ;
  • Kim, Min-Sun (Department of Physiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine and Vestibulocochlear Research Center at Wonkwang University)
  • Published : 2004.08.21
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Extracellular regulated protein kinase1/2 (pERK1/2) is one of the major regulatory factors for transcription of the c-fos oncogene in neurons. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 within the vestibular nuclei (VN) of rats following acute arterial hypotension. Following the acute arterial hypotension induced by rapid hemorrhage, a significant number of pERK1/2-immunoreactive neurons appeared bilaterally in the caudal aspect of the medial and inferior VN. No labeling of pERK1/2 was observed in the lateral VN. The peak expression of pERK1/2 in these nuclei occurred within 5 min after hemorrhage. However, in bilaterally labyrinthectomized rats, the appearance of pERK1/2-immunoreactive neurons was eliminated in the VN. Western blot confirmed the effect of bilateral labyrinthectomy on pERK1/2 protein expression in the medial vestibular nucleus 5 min after hemorrhage. These results suggest that, following acute hypotension, afferent signals from the peripheral vestibular receptors are required for activation of ERK 1/2 in the VN.

Keywords

References

  1. Andrews JC, Hoover LA, Lee RS, Honrubia V. Vertigo in the hyperviscosity syndrome. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 98: 144- 149, 1988
  2. Bradford MM. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72: 248-254 1976 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
  3. Cochran SL, Kasik P, Precht W. Pharmacological aspects of excitatory synaptic transmission to second-order vestibular neurons in the frog. Synapse 1: 102-123, 1987 https://doi.org/10.1002/syn.890010114
  4. Grewal SS, York RD, Stork PJ. Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase signalling in neurons. Curr Opin Neurobiol 9: 544-553, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00010-0
  5. Guth PS, Perin P, Norris CH, Valli P. The vestibular hair cells: post-transductional signal processing. Prog Neurobiol 54: 193- 247, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-0082(97)00068-3
  6. Haruta A, Matsuda K, Tono T, Komune S, Matsubara A, Usami S. Changes of perilymphatic glutamate and cochlear blood flow following ischemia. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 539: 44-47, 1998
  7. Hyodo J, Hakuba N, Koga K, Watanabe F, Shudou M, Taniguchi M, Gyo K. Hypothermia reduces glutamate efflux in perilymph following transient cochlear ischemia. Neuroreport 12: 1983- 1987, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200107030-00041
  8. Kikuchi S, Kaga K, Yamasoba T, Higo R, O'uchi T, Tokumaru A. Slow blood flow of the vetebrobasilar system in patients with dizziness and vertigo. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 113: 257-260, 1993 https://doi.org/10.3109/00016489309135804
  9. Kim MS, Hyo Kim J, Kry D, Ae Choi M, Ok Choi D, Gon Cho B, Jin YZ, Ho Lee S, Park BR. Effects of acute hypotension on expression of cFos-like protein in the vestibular nuclei of rats. Brain Res 962: 111-121, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-8993(02)03977-X
  10. Knopfel T. Evidence for N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor-mediated modulation of the commissural input to central vestibular neurons of the frog. Brain Res 426: 212-224, 1987 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(87)90875-4
  11. Laemmli UK. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227: 680-685, 1970 https://doi.org/10.1038/227680a0
  12. Matsunaga T, Sano M, Yamamoto K, Kubo T. Vestibular neuronal function during ischemia. Response of vestibular neurons to vertebral and carotid artery occlusion in rabbits. Adv Otorhinolaryngol 25: 184-191, 1979
  13. Nario K, Matsunaga T, Inui H, Murai T, Miyahara H. ABR findings, electrocochleograms and caloric tests in vertebrobasilar ischemic rats. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 528: 63-66, 1997
  14. Ohashi N, Imamura J, Nakagawa H, Mizukoshi K. Blood pressure abnormalities as background roles for vertigo, dizziness and disequilibrium. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 52: 355- 359, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1159/000276164
  15. Park BR, Kim MS, Kim JH, Jin YZ Effects of acute hypotension on neuronal activity in the medial vestibular nuclei of rats. Neuroreport 12: 3821-3824, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200112040-00044
  16. Paxinos G, Watson C. The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates. Orlando, FL: Academic Press 1986
  17. Rosen LB, Ginty DD, Weber MJ, Greenberg ME. Membrane depolarization and calcium influx stimulate MEK and MAP kinase via activation of Ras. Neuron 12: 1207-1221, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(94)90438-3
  18. Seger R, Krebs EG. The MAPK signaling cascade. Faseb J 9: 726- 735, 1995
  19. Sgambato V, Pages C, Rogard M, Besson MJ, Caboche J. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) controls immediate early gene induction on corticostriatal stimulation. J Neurosci 18: 8814-8825, 1998
  20. Smith PF. Pharmacology of the vestibular system. Curr Opin Neurol 13: 31-37, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1097/00019052-200002000-00007
  21. Takahashi Y, Takahashi MP, Tsumoto T, Doi K, Matsunaga T. Synaptic input-induced increase in intraneuronal Ca2$^+$ in the medial vestibular nucleus of young rats. Neurosci Res 21: 59- 69, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-0102(94)90068-X
  22. Vanhoutte P, Barnier JV, Guibert B, Pages C, Besson MJ, Hipskind RA, Caboche J. Glutamate induces phosphorylation of Elk-1 and CREB, along with c-fos activation, via an extracellular signalregulated kinase-dependent pathway in brain slices. Mol Cell Biol 19: 136-146, 1999
  23. Xia Z, Dudek H, Miranti CK, Greenberg ME. Calcium influx via the NMDA receptor induces immediate early gene transcription by a MAP kinase/ERK-dependent mechanism. J Neurosci 16: 5425-5436. 1996
  24. Yamamoto K, Kubo T, Matsunaga T. Effects of asymmetric vertebral blood flow upon the vestibulo-ocular reflex of the rabbit. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 241: 195-202, 1985 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00454354