DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Postpartum Reproductive Management Based on the Routine Farm Records of a Dairy Herd: Relationship between the Metabolic Parameters and Postpartum Ovarian Activity

  • Takagi, Mitsuhiro (Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Farm Animal Production Medicine, Kagoshima University) ;
  • Hirai, Toshiya (Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine) ;
  • Moriyama, Naoki (Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine) ;
  • Ohtani, Masayuki (Field Center of Animal Science and Agriculture, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine) ;
  • Miyamoto, Akio (Department of Agricultural and Life Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine) ;
  • Wijayagunawardane, Missaka P.B. (Department of Animal Science, University of Peradeniya)
  • Received : 2004.09.26
  • Accepted : 2005.02.16
  • Published : 2005.06.01

Abstract

The aim of this study was 1) to confirm the practical efficiency of a routine milk P4 monitoring system for postpartum reproductive management of a dairy herd, and 2) to evaluate the relationship between the blood metabolic profiles, milk quality and body weight of individual cows in the farm records, which may reflect the postpartum nutritional condition, and the time of postpartum resumption of ovarian activity of dairy cows. A total of 116 Holstein cows was used in the present study. First, during the period of Experiment 1, postpartum reproductive management based on weekly measured milk P4 concentration from individual cows was conducted. Compared with the reproductive records of the past two years without P4 monitoring, although the day from calving to first AI did not change, both the number of AI until pregnant (with P4; 1.9 times vs. without P4; 2.9 times) and the days open (with P4; 95.1 days vs. without P4; 135.8 days and 133.8 days) were significantly decreased. In Experiment 2, the measurement of blood constituents such as albumin, blood urea nitrogen, packed cell volume, ammonia, glucose, total cholesterol, non-esterified, AST and $\gamma$-GTP was performed on the blood samples taken once approximately 14 days postpartum, to monitor both health and nutritional conditions. The milk constituent parameters, such as milk protein (MP), milk fat (MF), SNF and lactose, collected from the monthly progeny test of individual cows, were used to monitor the postpartum nutritional status. Furthermore, the data obtained from the routine measurements of body weight were used to calculate the rate of peripartum body weight loss. The resumption day of the postpartum estrous cycle was assumed from the milk P4 profiles of individual cows. There was no clear relationship between each parameter from blood examination and those from resumption time. However, the cows had low values of MP, and SNF, which significantly affected the resumption of the postpartum estrous cycle. Similarly, a higher rate of body weight loss indicated a significant delay (more than 1 month) in the resumption of the postpartum estrous cycle, compared with the groups that had a medium or lower rate of body weight loss. The results of the present study demonstrated that the implementation of routine milk P4 monitoring-based postpartum reproductive management, together with milk quality parameters and routine BW data available in field conditions may be utilized as a practical approach for increasing the postpartum reproductive efficiency of a high yielding dairy herd.

Keywords

References

  1. Beal, W. E. 1996. Application of knowledge about corpus luteum function in control of estrus and ovulation in cattle. Theriogenology 45:1399-1411. https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(96)00103-3
  2. Beam, S. W. and W. R. Butler. 1999 Effects of energy balance on follicular development and first ovulation in postpartum dairy cows. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 54:411-424.
  3. Butler, W. R. 1998. Review: Effect of protein nutrition ovarian and uterine physiology in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 81:2533–2539.
  4. Butler, W. R. 2000 Nutritional interactions with reproductive performance in dairy cattle. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 60-61:449-457.
  5. Correa, M. T., H. Erb and J. Scarlett. 1993 Path analysis for seven postpartum disorders of Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 76:1305-1312.
  6. Domecq, J. J., A. L. Skidmore, J. W. Lloyd and J. B. Kaneene. 1997. Relationship between body condition scores and conception at first artificial insemination in a large dairy herd of high yielding Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80:113-120.
  7. Grieve, D. G. S., S. Korver, Y. S. Rijpkema and G. Hof. 1986. Relationship between milk composition and some nutritional parameter in early lactation. Livest. Prod. Sci. 14:239-254.
  8. Hady, P. J., J. J. Domecq and J. B. Kaneene. 1994. Frequency and precision of body condition scoring in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 77:1543-1547.
  9. Heinonen, K., E. Ettala and M. Alanko. 1988. Effect of postpartum live weight loss reproductive functions in dairy cows. Acta. Vet. Scand. 29:249-254.
  10. Huszenicza, G., J. Haraszti, L. Molnar, L. Solti, S. Fekete, K. Ekes and A. C. Yaro. 1988. Some metabolic characteristica of dairy cows with different post partum ovarian function. J. Vet. Med. A 35:506-515.
  11. Jorritsma, R., T. Wensing, T. A. M. Kruip, P. L. A. M. Vos and J. P. T. M. Noordhuizen. 2003. Metabolic changes in early lactation and impaired reproductive performance in dairy cows. Vet. Res. 34:11-26. https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres:2002054
  12. Keister, Z. O., S. K. DeNise, D. V. Armstrong, R. L. Ax and M. D. Brown. 1999. Pregnancy outcomes in two commercial dairy herds following hormonal scheduling programs. Theriogenology 51:1587-1596.
  13. Kim, I. H. and G. H. Sue. 2003. Effect of the amount of body condition loss from the dry to near calving periods on the subsequent body condition change, occurrence of postpartum diseases, metabolic parameters and reproductive performance in Holstein dairy cows. Theriogenology 60:1445-1456.
  14. Lamming, G. E. and A. O. Darwash. 1998. The use of milk progesterone profile to characterise components of subfertility in milked dairy cows. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 52:175-190.
  15. Loeffler, S. H., M. J. de Vries and Y. H. Schukken. 1999. The effects of time of diseases occurrence, milk yield and body condition on fertility of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 82:2589-2604.
  16. Lopez-Gatius, F., J. Yaniz and D. Madriles-Helm. 2003. Effects of body condition score and score change on the reproductive performance of dairy cows: a meta-analysis. Theriogenology 59:801-812.
  17. Lucy, M. C. 2001 Reproductive loss in high-producing dairy cattle : where it end? J. Dairy Sci. 84:1277-1293.
  18. Lyimo, Z. C., M. Nielen, W. Ouweltjes, T. A. M. Kruip and F. J. C. M. van Eerdenburg. 2000. Relationship among estradiol, cortisol and intensity of estrous behavior in dairy cattle. Theriogenology 53:1783-1795.
  19. Miyamoto, A., K. Okuda, F. J. Schweigert and D. Schams. 1992. Effects of basic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor on the secretory function of the bovine corpus luteum in vitro. J. Endocrinology 135:103-114.
  20. Nakao, T., M. Moriyoshi and K. Kawata. 1992. The effect of ovarian dysfunction and endometritis on subsequent reproductive performance in high and medium producing dairy cows. Theriogenology 37:341-349.
  21. Opsomer, G., M. Coryn, H. Deluyker and A. de Kruif. 1998. An analysis of ovarian dysfunction in high yielding dairy cows after calving based on progesterone profiles. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 33:193-204.
  22. Pryce, J. E., M. P. Coffey and G. Simm. 2001. The relationship between body condition score and reproductive performance. J. Dairy Sci. 84:1508-1515. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)70184-1
  23. Pursley, J. R., M. R. Kosorok and M. C. Wiltbank. 1999. Reproductive management of lactating dairy cows using synchronization of ovulation. J. Dairy Sci. 80:301-306.
  24. Pursley, J. R., M. C. Wiltbank, J. S. Stevenson, J. S. Ottobre, H. A. Garverick and L. L. Anderson. 1997. Pregnancy rates per artificial insemination for cows and heifer inseminated at a synchronized ovulation or synchronized estrus. J. Dairy Sci. 80:295-300.
  25. Pushpakumara, P. G. A., N. H. Gardner, C. K. Reynolds, D. E. Beever and D. C. Wathes. 2003. Relationship between transition period diet, metabolic parameter and fertility in lactating dairy cows. Theriogenology 60:1165-1185.
  26. Robinson, P. H., W. Chalupa, C. J. Sniffen, W. E. Julien, H. Sato, T. Fujieda, K. Watanabe and H. Suzuki. 1999 Influence of postruminal supplementation of methionine and lysine, isoleucine, or all three amino acids on intake and chewing behavior, ruminal fermentation, and milk and milk component production. J. Anim. Sci. 77:2781-2792.
  27. Roche, J. F., D. Mackey and M. D. Diskin. 2000. Reproductive management of postpartum cows. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 60-61:703-712.
  28. Royal, M., G. E. Mann and P. E. Flint. 2000. Strategies for reversing the trend towards subfertility in dairy cattle. Vet. J. 160:53-60.
  29. Ruegg, P. L., W. J. Goodger, C. A. Holmberg, L. D. Weaver. and E. M. Huffman. 1992. Relation among body condition score, serum urea nitrogen and cholesterol concentrations, and reproductive performance in hifg-producing Holstein dairy cows in early lactation. Am. J. Vet. Res. 53:10-14.
  30. Rukkwamsuk, T., T. A. Kruip and T. Wensing. 1999 Relationship between overconditioning in the dry period and the problems of high producing dairy cows during the postparturient period. Vet. Q. 21:71-77.
  31. Tallam, S. K., T. L. Kerbler, K. E. Leslie, K. Bateman, W. H. Johnson and J. S. Walton. 2001. Reproductive performance of postpartum dairy cows under a highly intervenient breeding program involving timed insemination and combinations of GnRH, prostaglandin F2alpha and human chorionic gonadotropin. Theriogenology 56:91-104.
  32. Taylor, V. J., D. E. Beever, M. J. Bryant and D. C. Wathes. 2003. Metabolic profiles and progesterone cycles in first lactation dairy cows. Theriogenology 59:1661-1677.
  33. Yu, P., J. T. Huber, F. A. Santos, J. M. Simas and C. B. Theurer. 1998. Effects of ground, steam-flaked, and steam-rolled corn grains on performance of lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 81:777-783. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75634-6
  34. Wildman, E. E., G. M. Jones, P. E. Wagner, R. L. Boman, H. F. Troutt and T. N. Lesch. 1982. A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci. 65:495-501. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82223-6
  35. Van Vliet, J. H. and F. J. C. M. Van Eerdenburg. 1996. Sexual activities and estrus detection in lactating Holstein cows. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 50:57-69.

Cited by

  1. Oestrus Induction, Plasma Steroid Hormone Profiles and Fertility Response after CIDR and eCG Treatment in Acyclic Sahiwal Cows vol.19, pp.11, 2005, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2006.1566