Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

  • 제20권8호
  • /
  • Pages.1236-1242
  • /
  • 2007
  • /
  • 1011-2367(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1976-5517(eISSN)
아세아태평양축산학회 (Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Dietary Requirement of True Digestible Phosphorus and Total Calcium for Growing Pigs

  • Ruan, Z. (The Key Laboratory of Food Science of Ministry of Education and Department of Food Science and Engineering Nanchang University) ;
  • Zhang, Y.-G. (The Key Laboratory of Food Science of Ministry of Education and Department of Food Science and Engineering Nanchang University) ;
  • Yin, Y.-L. (The Key Laboratory of Food Science of Ministry of Education and Department of Food Science and Engineering Nanchang University) ;
  • Li, T.-J. (Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Health and Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agro-Ecology, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Huang, R.-L. (Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Health and Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agro-Ecology, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Kim, S.W. (Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University) ;
  • Wu, G.Y. (Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Health and Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agro-Ecology, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences) ;
  • Deng, Z.Y. (The Key Laboratory of Food Science of Ministry of Education and Department of Food Science and Engineering Nanchang University)
  • 투고 : 2006.07.13
  • 심사 : 2007.03.29
  • 발행 : 2007.08.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Sixty healthy growing pigs ($Duroc{\times}Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$ with an average BW of 21.4 kg) were used to determine the true digestible phosphorus (TDP) requirement of growing pigs on the basis of growth performance and serum biochemical indices. Pigs were assigned randomly to one of five dietary treatments (12 pigs/diet), representing five levels of TDP (0.16%, 0.20%, 0.23%, 0.26% and 0.39%). There were three replications per treatment, with four pigs (2 barrows and 2 gilts) in each replication (2 pigs/pen) A randomized-block design was used, with pen as the experimental unit. Experimental diets were formulated to provide the 5 TDP levels with a total calcium (Ca) to TDP ratio of 2:1, and offered to pigs at 5% BW for 28 d. The total Ca contents of the five diets were 0.33, 0.38, 0.45, 0.51 and 0.79%, respectively. During the 28-d experimental period, the ADG of pigs was affected by dietary TDP levels as described by Equation 1: y = $-809,532x^4+788,079x^3-276,250x^2+42,114x-1$,759; ($R^2$ = 0.99; p<0.01; y = ADG, g/d; x = dietary TDP, %). The feed:gain ratio for pigs was affected by dietary TDP levels as described by Equation 2: y = $3,651.1x^4-3,480.4x^3+1,183.8x^2-172.5x+10.9$ ($R^2$ = 0.99; p<0.01; y = feed:gain ratio; x = dietary TDP, %). Total P concentrations in serum were affected by dietary TDP levels as described by Equation 3: y = $-3,311.7x^4+3,342.7x^3-1,224.6x^2+195.6x-8.7$ ($R^2$ = 0.99; p<0.01; y = total serum P concentration and x = dietary TDP, %). The highest ADG (782 g/d), the lowest feed:gain ratio (1.07), and the highest total serum P concentration (3.1 mmol/L) were obtained when dietary TDP level was 0.34%. Collectively, these results indicate that the optimal TDP requirement of growing pigs is 0.34% of the diet (e.g., 5.1 g/day for a 30-kg pig that consumed 1.5 kg feed daily) at a total Ca to TDP ratio of 2:1.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Abelson, P. H. 1999. A potential phosphate crisis. Sci. 283:2015. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.283.5410.2015
  2. Anderson, J. J. B. 1991. Nutritional biochemistry of calcium and phosphorus. J. Nutr. Biochem. 6:58-72-76.
  3. Agricultural Research Council (ARC). 1981. The Nutrient Requirements of Pigs. Slough, England: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.
  4. Bayley, H. S. and R. G. Thomson. 1969. Phosphorus requirement of growing pigs and effect of steam pelleting on phosphorus availability. J. Anim. Sci. 28:484-490. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1969.284484x
  5. Chapman, H. L., Jr. J. Kastelic, G. C. Ashton, V. W. Hays and V. C. Speer. 1962. Calcium and phosphorus requirement of growingfinishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 21:112-119. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1962.211112x
  6. Chen, Y. L., O. S. Kwon, B. J. Min, K. S. Son, J. H. Cho, J. W. Hong and I. H. Kim. 2005. The effects of dietary biotite V supplementation as an alternative substance to antibiotics in growing pigs. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 18:1642-1650. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2005.1642
  7. Chen, Y. L., B. J. Min, J. H. Cho, O. S. Kwon, K. S. Son, H. J. Kim and I. H. Kim. 2006. Effects of dietary bacillus-based probiotic on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, blood characteristics and fecal noxious gas content in finishing pigs. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 19:587-592. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2006.587
  8. Combs, G. E., J. M. Vandepopuliere, H. D. Wallace and M. Koger. 1962. Phosphorus requirement of young pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 21:3-10. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1962.2113
  9. Combs, N. R., E. T. Kornegay, M. D. Lindemann, D. R. Notter, J. H. Wilson and J. P. Mason. 1991. Calcium and phosphorus requirement of swine from weaning to market weight: 2. Development of response curves for bone criteria and comparison of bending and shear bone testing. J. Anim. Sci. 69:682-693. https://doi.org/10.2527/1991.692682x
  10. Correll, D. L. 1999. Phosphorus: a rate limiting nutrient in surface water. Poult. Sci. 78:674-682. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/78.5.674
  11. Cromwell, G. L., V. W. Hays, C. H. Chaney and J. R. Overfield. 1970. Effects of dietary phosphorus and calcium level on performance, bone mineralization and carcass characteristics of swine. J. Anim. Sci. 30:519-523. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1970.304519x
  12. Cromwell, G. L., V. W. Hays, C. W. Scheer and J. R. Overfield. 1972. Effects of dietary phosphorus and calcium level on performance and carcass, metacarpal and turbinate characteristics of swine. J. Anim. Sci. 34:746-750. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1972.345746x
  13. Cromwell, G. L. and R. D. Coffey. 1991. Mammalian small intestinal phytases (EC 3.1.3.8). Br. J. Nutr. 50:673-678. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19830138
  14. Deng, D, L. Huang, T. J. Li, G. Y. Wu, M. Y. Xie, Z. R. Tang, P. Kang, Y. M. Zhang, M. Z. Fan, X. F. Kong, Z. Ruan, H. Xiong, Z. Y. Deng and Y.-L. Yin. 2007a. Nitrogen balance in barrows fed low-protein diets supplemented with essential amino acids. Livest. Sci. 109:220-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.122
  15. Deng, D., Ai-Ke Li, W. Y. Chu, R. L. Huang, T. J. Li, X. F. Kong, Z. J. Liu, G. Y. Wu, Y. M. Zhang and Y. L. Yin. 2007b. Growth performance and metabolic responses in barrows fed lowprotein diets supplemented with essential amino acids. Livest. Sci. 109:224-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.104
  16. Fan, M. Z., T. Archbold, W.C. Sauer and D. Lackeyram. 2001. Novel methodology allows simultaneous measurement of true phosphorus digestibility and the gastrointestinal endogenous phosphorus outputs in studies with pigs. J. Nutr. 131:2388-2396. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.9.2388
  17. Fan, M. Z. and W. C. Sauer. 2002. Additivity of apparent ileal and fecal phosphorus digestibility values measured in single feed ingredients for growing-finishing pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 82:183-191. https://doi.org/10.4141/A01-072
  18. Fan, M. Z., T. J. Li, Y. L. Yin, R. J. Fang, Z. Y. Tang, Z. P. Hou, R. L. Huang, Z. Y. Deng, H. Y. Zhong, R. G. Zhang, J. Zhang, B. Wang and H. Schulze.2005. Effect of phytase supplementation with two levels of phosphorus diets on ileal and faecal digestibilities of nutrients and phosphorus, calcium, nitrogen and energy balances in growing pigs. Anim. Sci. 81:67-75.
  19. Fang, R. J., Y. L. Yin, K. N. Wang, J. H. He, Q. H. Chen, T. J. Li, M. Z. Fan, and G. Wu. 2007a. Comparison of the regression analysis technique and the substitution method for the determination of true phosphorus digestibility and faecal endogenous phosphorus losses associated with feed ingredients for growing pigs. Livest. Sci. 109:251-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.108
  20. Fang, R.-J., T.-J. Li, K.-N. Wang, G.-Y Wu, D. Qi, J. H. He, Y.-L. Yin and M.- Z. Fan. 2007b. Additives of apparent and true phosphorus digestibilities in feed ingredients for growing pigs. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 20(7):1092-1099. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2007.1092
  21. Harmon, B. G., J. Simon, D. E. Becher, A. H. Jensen and D. H. Baker. 1970. Effect of source and level of dietary phosphorus on structure and composition of turbinate and long bones. J. Anim. Sci. 30:742-750. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1970.305742x
  22. Huang, R. -L., Y. -L. Yin, G. -Y. Wu, Y. -G. Zhang, T. -J. Li, L.-L. Li, M. -X. Li, Z. -R. Tang, J. Zhang, B. Wang, J.-H. He and X.- Z. Nie. 2005. Effect of Dietary Oligochitosan Supplementation on Ileal Digestibility of Nutrients and Performance in Broilers. Poult. Sci. 84:1383-1388. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/84.9.1383
  23. Huang, Rui-lin, Yin Yu-Long, Mei-xiang Li, Guo-yao Wu, Tie-jun Li, Li-li Li, Cheng-bo Yang, Jun Zhang, Bin Wang, Zhe-yuan Deng, Yong-gang Zhang, Zhi-ru Tang, Ping Kang and Yu-ming Guo. 2007. Dietary oligochitosan supplementation enhances immune status of broilers. J. Sci. Food Aric. 87:153-159. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2694
  24. Jobgen, W. S., S. K. Fried, W. J. Fu, C. J. Meininger and G. Wu. 2006. Regulatory role for the arginine-nitric oxide pathway in metabolism of energy substrates. J. Nutr. Biochem. 17:571-588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2005.12.001
  25. Jonbloed, A. W., H. Everts and P. A. Kemme. 1991. Phosphorus availability and requirements in pigs. Pages 65-80 in Heinemann, eds. Recent advances in animal nutrition. Butterworth, London, UK.
  26. Jongbloed, A. W., N. P. Lenis and Z. Mroz. 1997. Impact of nutrition on reduction of environmental pollution by pigs: an overview of recent research. Vet. Quart. 19:3, 130-134. https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.1997.9694757
  27. Kong, X.-F., G.-Y. Wu, Y.-L. Yin, H.-J. Liu, F.-G. Yin, T.-J. Li, R.- L. Huang, P. Kang, F.-F. Xing, M.-Z. Fan, C.-B. Yang and Q.- H. He 2007a. Dietary supplementation with Chinese herbal ultra-fine 3 powder enhances cellular and humorl immunity in early weaned piglets. Livest. Sci. 108:94-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.002
  28. Kong, X. F., G. Y. Wu, Y. P. Liao, Z. P. Hou, H. J. Liu, F. G. Yin, T. J. Li, R. L. Huang, Y. M. Zhang, D. Deng, P. Kang, R. X. Wang, Z. Y. Tang, C. B. Yang, Z. Y. Deng, H. Xiong, W.-Y. Chu, Z. Yuan, M. Y. Xie and Y. L. Yin. 2007b. Effects of Chinese herbal ultra-fine powder as a dietary additive on growth performance, serum metabolites and intestinal health in early-weaned piglets. Livest. Sci. 108:272-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.079
  29. Libal, G. W., E. R. Peo, Jr., R. P. Andrews and P. E. Vipperman, Jr. 1969. Levels of calcium phosphorus for growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 28:331-336. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1969.283331x
  30. Lin, Y. C. and Z. Y. Jiang. 2002a. Study on dietary available phosphorus requirement of growing-finishing pigs. Swine Production (in Chinese). 4:1-7.
  31. Lin,Y. C., Z. Y. Jiang, Z. B. Zhang, G. H. Peng, L. Zhen and D. Q. Yu. 2002b. Study on dietary available phosphorus requirement of 4-9 kg weanling piglets. Swine Production (in Chinese). 1:13-14.
  32. Mallin, M. A. 2000. Impacts of industrial animal production on river and estuaries. Am. Scientist. 26-37. https://doi.org/10.1511/2000.1.26
  33. Miller, E. R., D. E. Ullrey, C. L. Zutaut, B. V. Baltzer, D. A. Schmidt, J. A. Hoefer and R. W. Luecke. 1964. Phosphorus requirement of the baby pig. J. Nutr. 82:34-40. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/82.1.34
  34. Naqvi, S. W. 2000. Increased marine production of N2O due to intensifying anoxia on the Indian continental shelf. Nature. 408:346-349. https://doi.org/10.1038/35042551
  35. National Research Council. 1998. Nutrient Requirements of Swine, 10th ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA.
  36. O'Quinn, P. R., D. A. Knabe and E. J. Gregg. 1997. Digestible phosphorus needs of terminal-cross growing-finishing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 75:1308-1318. https://doi.org/10.2527/1997.7551308x
  37. Pouslen, H. 2000. Phosphorus utilization and excretion in pig production. J. Environment Qualification. 29:24-27. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2000.29124x
  38. Reinhart, G. A. and D. C. Mahan. 1986. Effect of various calcium:phosphorus ratios at low and high dietary phosphorus for starter, grower and finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 63:457-466. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1986.632457x
  39. SAS Institute. 2000. The SAS system. SAS institute, Cary, NC, USA.
  40. Shen, Y. R., M. Z. Fan, A. Ajakaiye and T. Archbold. 2002. Use of the regression analysis technique to determine the true phosphorus digestibility and the endogenous phosphorus output associated with corn in growing pigs. J. Nutr. 132:1199-1206. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/132.6.1199
  41. Tang, Z. R., Y. L. Yin, C. M. Nyachoti, R. L. Huang, T. J. Li, C. B. Yang, X. J. Yang, J. S. Gong, J. Peng, D. S. Qi, J. J. Xing, Z. H. Sun and M. Z. Fan. 2005. Effect of dietary supplementation of chitosan and galacto-mannan- oligosaccharide on serum parameters and the insulin-like growth factor-I mRNA expression in early-weaned piglets. Dom. Anim. Endocrinol. 28:430-441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.domaniend.2005.02.003
  42. Wang, J. J., D. F. Li, L. J. Dangott and G. Wu. 2006. Proteomics and its role in nutrition research. J. Nutr. 136:1759-1762. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/136.7.1759
  43. Wang, F. L., M. F. Zhang, Q. M. Chen and M. Q. Xu. 2002. The effects of dietary phosphorus and calcium to phosphorus ratio on the activity of alkaline phosphatase and serum calcium and phosphorus in miniature-pigs (Xiang pig). Acta Zoonutrimenta Sinica. 13:36-42.
  44. Wu, G. 1998. Intestinal mucosal amino acid catabolism. J. Nutr. 128:1249-1252. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/128.8.1249
  45. Yang, Cheng-bo, Ai-ke Li, Yu-long Yin, Rui-Lin Huang, Tie-jun Li, Li-li Li, Yi-ping Liao, Ze-yuan Deng, Hua-yi Zhong, Xiao-jian Yang and Ming-Z. Fan. 2005. Effects of dietary supplementation of cysteamine on growth performance, carcass quality, serum hormones and gastric ulcer in finishing pigs. J. Sci. Food Agric. 85:1047-1952.
  46. Yang, H., A. K. Li, Y. L. Yin, T. J. Li, Z. R. Wang, G. Wu, R. L. Huang, X. F. Kong, C. B. Yang, P. Kang, J. Deng, S. X. Wang, B. E. Tan, Q. Hu, F. F. Xing, X. Wu, Q. H. He, K. Yao, Z. J. Liu, Z. R. Tang, F. G. Yin, Z. Y. Deng, M. Y. Xie and M. Z. Fan. 2007. True phosphorus digestibility and the endogenous phosphorus outputs associated with brown rice for weanling pigs measured by the simple linear regression analysis technique. Anim. 1:213-220. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731107257945
  47. Yin, Y.-L., Z.-Y. Deng and H.-L. Huang, T.-J. Li and H. Y. Zhong. 2004. The effect of arabinoxylanase and protease supplementation on nutritional value of diets containing wheat bran or rice bran in growing pig. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 13:445-461.
  48. Yin, Y. L. 2005. Applied techniques of regulating nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in pigs and environmental safety. Annual Report of Institute of Subtropical Agricutlure, The Chinese Academy of Science, Changsha, Hunan, China.

피인용 문헌

  1. Níveis de fósforo digestível para suínos em fase de crescimento vol.41, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982012000200013
  2. The impact of phosphorus on the immune system and the intestinal microbiota with special focus on the pig vol.28, pp.01, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422415000049
  3. Environmental Sustainability Analysis and Nutritional Strategies of Animal Production in China vol.5, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-animal-022516-022935
  4. A cooperative study on the standardized total-tract digestible phosphorus requirement of twenty-kilogram pigs1 vol.93, pp.12, 2015, https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2015-9509
  5. Supplementing l-leucine to a low-protein diet increases tissue protein synthesis in weanling pigs vol.39, pp.5, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-010-0612-5
  6. True Digestibility of Phosphorus in Different Resources of Feed Ingredients in Growing Pigs vol.21, pp.1, 2007, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.70143
  7. Effect of Galacto-mannan-oligosaccharides or Chitosan Supplementation on Cytoimmunity and Humoral Immunity in Early-weaned Piglets vol.21, pp.5, 2007, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.70408
  8. A Review of Interactions between Dietary Fiber and the Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Their Consequences on Intestinal Phosphorus Metabolism in Growing Pigs vol.21, pp.4, 2007, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.r.03
  9. Effect of Dietary Energy Level on Nutrient Utilization, Insulin-like Growth Factor-I and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Plasma, Liver and Longissimus dorsi Muscle in Growing-finishing vol.22, pp.8, 2007, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2009.90027
  10. Nonphytate Phosphorus Requirement and Efficacy of a Genetically Engineered Yeast Phytase for Yellow Broilers at 22- to 42-d-Old Age vol.10, pp.2, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1016/s1671-2927(11)60008-4
  11. Metabolomic analysis of amino acid and fat metabolism in rats with l-tryptophan supplementation vol.46, pp.12, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-014-1823-y
  12. The Potential of Locally-Sourced European Protein Sources for Organic Monogastric Production: A Review of Forage Crop Extracts, Seaweed, Starfish, Mussel, and Insects vol.13, pp.4, 2007, https://doi.org/10.3390/su13042303
  13. Comparative study on the chemical composition of different bones/parts of bones in growing pigs differently supplied with inorganic phosphorus and phytase vol.105, pp.suppl, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13636