Neuroprotective Efects of Gagam-ChongMeong-Tang on Cognitive Function after Ischemic Brain Injury in Rats

허혈성 뇌손상 백서에서 가감총명탕(加減聰明湯)이 인지기능에 미치는 효과

  • Published : 2008.06.25

Abstract

ChongMyeong-Tang (CMT) have been used clinically to treat patient with amnesia and dementia. In addition, CMT have been also used for examinee to improve learning ability in Korea. This study was designed to investigate the effects of Gagam-ChongMeong-Tang (GCMT) on cognitive dysfunction recovery after ischemic brain injury in rats. Rats were divided into three groups; (1) normal, (2) commercial diet after ischemic brain injury (control), (3) CMT diet after ischemic brain injury (experiment). In our study, we carried out Morris water maze test for cognitive motor behavior test and immunohistochemistry study through the change BDNF in the hippocampus($7^{th},\;14^{th}\;day$). In Morris water maze test, cognitive motor function recovery was significantly increased in the experiment group as compared with control group on $7^{th}\;and\;14^{th}\;day$ day (p<0.01). In immunohistochemistric response of BDNF in the hippocampus, more immune reaction was investigated in the experiment group as compared with control group on $7^{th}\;and\;14^{th}\;day$. Especially more immune reaction was experimented $14^{th}$ day. These results imply that GCMT can play a role in facilitating recovery of cognitive function after ischemic brain injury in rats.

Keywords

References

  1. Najeson, T., Rahmani, L., Elazar, B., Averbuch, S. An elementary cognitive assessment and treatment of the craniocerebrally injured patient In Edelstein B.A. & Couture E.T. (Eds). Behavioral assessment and rehabilitation of the traumatically brain damaged. New York, Plenum Press p 131, 1984
  2. Lezak, M.D. Neuropsychological Assessment(4rd Ed.). New York, Oxford University Press pp 22-23, 1995
  3. Kupgemann, I.L. Priciples of neural science(2nd ed.). New York, Elsvier pp 806-815, 1986
  4. 민성길. 최신정신의학. 서울, 일조각, pp 29-30, 101-102, 1991
  5. Vaynman, S., Ying, Z., Gomez-Pinilla, F. Hippocalpal BDNF mediates the efficacy of exercise on synaptic plasticity and cognition, Eur J. Neurosci 20(10):2580-2590, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03720.x
  6. Karege, F., Bondilfi, G., Gervasoni, N., Schwald, M., Aubry, J.M. Bertschy, G. Low brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) levels in serum of depressed patients probably results from lowered platelet BDNF release unrelated to platelet activity. Biol Psychiatry 57: 1068-1072, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.008
  7. Gomez-Pinilla, F., Vaynman, S. A "deficient environment" in prenatal life may compromise systems important for cognitife function by affecting BDNF in the hippocampus. Exp Neurol. 192: 235-243, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.12.001
  8. Fordyce, D.E., Wehner, J.M. Physical activity enhances spatial learning performance with an associated alteration in hippocampal protein hinase C activity in C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice. Brain Res. 619(1-2):111-119, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(93)91602-O
  9. 彭怀仁. 中華名醫方劑大全. 북경, 금순출판사, p 748, 1990
  10. 강형원, 류영수, 이종길. 뇌신경교 성상세포로부터 종양괴사인자 알파의 생성에 있어서 총명탕의 효과. 동의신경정신과학회지 10(1):109-119, 1999
  11. 허 준. 東醫寶鑑. 서울, 남산당, pp 98-99, 1987
  12. 陳羅雷. 古今圖書集成醫部全錄(제7권). 북경, 인민위생출판사, p 2150, 1983
  13. 김인재, 이상룡. 加味歸脾聰明湯이 노화 백서의 혈액변화 및혈청과 뇌조직의 항산화물 활성에 미치는 영향. 동의신경정신과학회지 9(2):53-69, 1998
  14. Longa, E.Z., Weinstein, P.R., Carison, S., Cummins, R. Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats. Stroke 20(1):84-91, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.20.1.84
  15. Garcia, J.H., Wagner, S., Liu, K.F., Hu, X.J. Neurological deficit and extent of neuronal necrosis attributable to middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats; Statistical validation. Stroke 26: 627-634, 1995 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.26.4.627
  16. 黃度淵. 證脈方藥合編. 서울, 남산당, p 197, 1994
  17. Buchan, A.M., Pulsineli, W.A. Hypothermia but not the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, MK-801, attenuates neuronal damage in gerbils subjected to transient global ischemia. J. Neurosci. 11: 1049-1050, 1990
  18. Gill, R., Foster, A., Woodruff, G. MK-801 is neuroprotective in gerbils when administered during the post-ischemic period. Neuroscience 25: 847-855, 1988 https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4522(88)90040-1
  19. Sutherland, R.J., Rodriguez, A.J. The role of the fomix/ fimbria and some related subcortical structures in place learning and memory. Behavioral Brain Research 32: 265-277, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4328(89)80059-2
  20. Yamazaki, M., Matsuoka, N., Kuratani, K., Ohkubo, Y., Yamaguchi, I. FR121196, a potential antidementia drug, ameliorates the impaired memory of rat in the Morris water maze. J. Pharmacol Exp Ther. 272(1):256-263, 1995
  21. Clark, A.S,. Mitre, M.C., Brinck-Johnsen, T. Anabolic androgenic steroid and adrenal steroid effects on hippocampal plasticity. Brain Res. 679(1):64-71, 1995 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(95)00202-2
  22. Johansson, B.B. Brain plasticity and stroke rehabilitation; The Willis Lecture. Stroke 31(1):223-230, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.31.1.223
  23. Vernadakis, A. Glia-neuron intercommunications and synaptic plasticity. Prog Neurobiol 49(3):185-214, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-0082(96)00012-3