Characteristics of Crude Polysaccharide Separated from the Herbal Medium of Trichloloma Matsutake Mycelium and its Anti-diabetic Effect

  • Kim, Hae-Ja (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Lee, Ki-Nam (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University)
  • 발행 : 2008.06.25

초록

As part of studies to develop new materials to lower blood glucose levels using crude polysaccharide, this study was attempted to analyze the characteristics of crude polysaccharide obtained from the extracts of a mixed herbal medium(OCM) where Trichloloma matsutake mycelium and Cordyceps militaris mycelium were cultured together and to look into the influence of administering these by concentration upon the blood glucose and serum lipid levels of rats with diabetes which was induced by STZ(Streptozotosin). Experimental group was divided into 6 groups: first, it was divided into normal control group(NC group) and diabetes-induced group, and diabetes-induced group was subdivided into diabetic control group(DC group), acarbose-treated group(PC group), 100 mg/kg/body weight-treated by crude polysaccharide of OCM(UE) group(UE100 group), 200 mg/kg/body weight-treated group(UE200 group), and 300 mg/kg/body weight-treated group(UE300 group). In diabetic-induced groups, after streptozotocin was melted in 0.01M citrate buffer at 50 mg/kg/body weight, when the non-fasting blood glucose level not on an empty stomach was 300 mg/dl or more in blood collected from the tail vein, it was regarded as diabetic induction and then such diabetic-induced experimental animals were used in this experiment. The yield of crude polysaccharide obtained from OCM was found to be 0.31% and the ${\beta}$-glucan content 39.40%. As a result of analyzing NO on immune function, which is known as major physiological activity of crude polysaccharide, high NO viability was shown; when 1 mg/ml LPS was treated at 1 ug/ml, it was found to be 50.77 uM, and when LPS was treated at 10 ug/m, it was found to be 53.78 uM. Also, regarding cancer cells, cell count was decreased by about 26% in proportion to sample concentration, while for normal cells, it was a little decreased in proportion to concentration, however, cell count was maintained in the range of $81.92{\sim}98.16%$ at all concentrations. In case of blood glucose level, it was decreased in all extract-treated groups compared to DC group and in the cases of ALT and AST, they were found to be lower in extract-treated groups compared to PC group and for serum lipid, it was found to be lower in UE100 group compared to PC group. Thus this study tried to utilize these results as fundamental data for development of preventive and therapeutic agents against diabetes as well as functional foods using the crude polysaccharide of mushrooms.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Benzamin, E., Leskowitz, S. Complement, Immunology. Alan R. Liss, New York, p 121, 1988
  2. Franz, G. Polysaccharides in pharmacy: current applications and future concepts. Planta Medica 55: 493-497, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-962078
  3. Kubo, K., Aoki, H., Nanba, H. Anti-diabetic activity present in the fruit body of Grifola frondosa (Maitake). Biol Pharm Bull 17: 1106-1110, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.17.1106
  4. Manohar, V., Talpur, N.A., Echard, B.W., Lieberman, S., Preuss, H.G. Effects of a water-soluble extract of maitake mushroom on circulation glucose/insulin concentrations in KK mice. Diabetes Obes Metab 4: 43-48, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00180.x
  5. Kang, T.S., Kang, M.S., Sung, J.M., Kang, A.S., Shon, H.R., Lee, S.Y. Effects of Pleurotus eryngii on the blood glucose and cholesterol in diabetic rats. Korean J Mycol 29: 86-90, 2001
  6. Song, J.Y., Yoon, K.J., Yoon, H.K., Koo, S.J. Effect of $\beta$-glucan from Lentinus edodes and Hordeum vulgare on blood glucose and lipid composition in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Korean J Food Sci Technol 33: 802-807, 2001
  7. Kiho, T., Hui, J., Yamane, A., Ukai, S. Polysaccharides in fungi. XXXII. Hypoglycemic activity and chemical properties of al polysaccharide form the cultural mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis. Biol Pharm Bull 16: 1291-1293, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.16.1291
  8. Narle, A., Krall, L.P., Bradley, R.F., Christlieb, A.R., Soell, J.S. Joslin's Diabetes mellitus. 12th ed. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1985
  9. Campbell, R.K., Steil, C.F. Diabetes, clinical pharmacy and therapeutics. 4th ed. Willianms & Wilks, 1988
  10. Abrams, J.J., Ginberg, H., Grundy, S.M. Metabolism of cholesterol and plasma triglycerides in non-ketotic diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 31: 903-910, 1982 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.31.10.903
  11. Yadav, H., Jain, S., Prasad, G.B.K.S., Yadav, M. Preventive effect of diabegon, a polyherbal preparation, during progression of diabetes induced by high-fructose feeding in rat. J Phamacol Sci 105: 12-21, 2007
  12. Wong, K.H., Cheung, P.C.K., Wu, J.Z. Biochemical and microstructural characteristics of insoluble and soluble dietary fiber prepared from mushroom sclerotia of Pleurotus tube-regium, Polyporus rhinoceros, and Wolfiporia cocos. J Agr Food Chem 51: 7197-7202, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf034195g
  13. Wu, Y.C., Hsu, J.H., Liu, I.M., Liou, S.S., Su, H.C., Cheng, J.T. Increase of insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats received Die-Huang-Wan, an herbal mixture used in chinese traditional medicine. Acta Pharmacol Sin 23: 1181-1187, 2002
  14. Heredia, A., Jimenez, A., Guillen, R. Composition of plant cell walls. Z Lebensm-Unters Forsch 200: 24-31, 1995 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01192903
  15. Pelley, R.P., Strickland, F.M. Plants, polysaccharides, and the treatment and prevention of neoplasia. Crit Rev Oncog 11: 189-225, 2000
  16. Queenan, K.M., Stewart, M.L., Smith, K.N., Thomas, W., Fulcher, R.G., Slavin, J.L. Concentrated oat $\beta$-glucan, a fermentable fiber, lowers serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic adults in a randomized controlled study. Nutr J 6: 6, 2007 https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-6-6
  17. Choi, J.W., Ryu, D.Y., Hong, E.K., Kwun, M.Y., Han, J.S., Lee, W.H. Microwave assisted extraction of physiologically active material form Agaricus blazei fruiting bodies. Korean J Biotechnol Bioeng 15: 307-312, 2000
  18. Stamler, J.S., Singel, D.J., Loscalzo, J. Biochemistry of nitric oxide and its redox-activated forms. Science 258: 1898-1902, 1992 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1281928
  19. Galla, H.J. Nitric oxide, NO, an intracellular messenger. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 32: 378-380, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199303781
  20. Han, M.D., Lee, J.W., Jeong, H., Kim, Y.S., Ra, S.J., Yoon, K.H. Nitric oxide, TNF-$\alpha$, and TGF-$\beta$ formation of rat kupffer cell activation by the $\beta$-glucan from Ganoderma lucidium. Kor J Microbiol Biotechnol 27: 28-34, 1999
  21. Shin, J., Han, M.J., Lee, I.K., Moon, Y.I., Kim, D.H. Hypoglycemic activity of Opuntia ficus-indica var. sabotan on alloxan-or streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Kor J Pharmacogn 34: 75-79, 2003
  22. Rho, H.M., Choi, M.A., Koh, J.B. Effects of raw soy flour (yellow and black) in serum protein concentrations and enzyme activity in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 27: 724-730, 1998
  23. Goldberg, R.B. Lipid disorders in diabetes. Diabetes Care 4: 561-572, 1981 https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.4.5.561
  24. Niall, M.G., Rosaleen, A.M., Daphne, O., Patrick, B.C., Alan, H.J., Gerald, H.T. Cholesterol metabolism in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Diabetes 9: 626-631, 1990
  25. Yang, B.K., Jeong, S.C., Lee, H.J., Sohn, D.H., Song, C.H. Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of Collybia confluens mycelia produced by submerged culture in streptozotocin- diabetic rats. Arch Pharm Res 29: 73-79, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02977472
  26. Hu, S.H., Wang, J.C., Lien, J.L., Liaw, E.T., Lee, M.Y. Antihyperglycemic effects of polysaccharide from fermented broth of Pleurotus citrinopileatus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 70: 107-113, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-005-0043-5
  27. Eun, J.S., Yang, J.H., Kim, D.G. Studies on higher fungi in Korea(IV) Effects of extract on hyperlipemia in rats. J Kor Pharm Sci 19: 137-143, 1989