DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Genetic Relationships among Different Breeds of Chinese Gamecocks Revealed by mtDNA Variation

  • Qu, L.J. (State Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University) ;
  • Li, X.Y. (State Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University) ;
  • Yang, N. (State Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University)
  • 투고 : 2008.11.28
  • 심사 : 2009.03.09
  • 발행 : 2009.08.01

초록

There are currently five primary breeds of Chinese gamecock, the Henan, Luxi, Tulufan, Xishuangbanna andZhangzhou. Though there is historical evidence of cockfighting in China dating as far back as 2,800 years, the origin and genetic relationships of these breeds are not well understood. We used sequence variation from the mtDNA cytb gene and control region (1,697 bp) to examine the domestication history and genetic relationship of the Chinese gamecock. From 75 samples (14-16 per breed) we found 34 haplotypes, and 45 variable nucleotides. Phylogenetic reconstruction indicated multiple origins of the gamecock breeds. The breeds in the north and center of China, Tulufan, Luxi and Henan, clustered together in a haplogroup and may have the same ancestor. However the southern breeds, Zhangzhou and Xishuangbanna clustered into two isolated haplogroups, suggesting another two origins of Chinese gamecock. Meanwhile, extensive admixture was also found because samples from different breeds, more or less, were always grouped together in the same clades. Based on these results, we discuss the possibilities of multiple origins of gamecock breeds, from both ancestral gamecocks as well as other domestic chickens and red jungle fowl.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Akishononomiya, F., T. Miyake, M. Takada, R. Shingu, T. Endo, T. Gojobori, N. Kondo and S. Ohno. 1996. Monophyletic origin and unique dispersal patterns of domestic fowls, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93:6792-6795 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.13.6792
  2. Akishononomiya, F., T. Miyake, S. T. Sumi, S. Ohno and N. Kondo. 1994. One subspecies of the red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus gallus) suffices as the matriarchic ancestor of all domestic breeds. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 91:12505-12509 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.26.12505
  3. Aquadro, C. F. and B. D. Greenberg. 1983. Human mitochondrial DNA variation and evolution: Analysis of nucleotide sequences from seven individuals. Genetics. 103:287-312
  4. Baker, A. J. and H. D. Marshall. 1997. Mitochondrial control region sequences as tools for understanding evolution. In: Avian molecular evolution and systematics (Ed. D. P. Mindell) pp. 51-82. Academic Press, San Diego
  5. Brown, W. M., M. George and A. C. Wilson. 1979. Rapid evolution of animal mitochondrial DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 76:1967-1971 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.76.4.1967
  6. Cann, R. L., W. M. Brown and A. C. Wilson. 1984. Polymorphic sites and the mechanism of evolution in human mitochondrial DNA. Genetics. 106:479-499 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002091
  7. Crawford, R. D. 1990. Origin and history of poultry species. Poultry genetic resources: evolution, diversity, and conservation. In: Poultry breeding and genetics (Ed. R. D. Crawford). pp. 1-59. Elsevier, Amsterdam
  8. Crawford, R. D. 1995. Origin, history, and distribution of commercial poultry. In: Poultry production (Ed. P. Hunton). pp.1-20. Elsevier, Amsterdam
  9. Dundes, A. 1994. The Cockfight. pp. vii-16. The University of Wisconsin Press
  10. Eriksson, J., G. Larson, U. Gunnarsson, B. Bed'hom, M. Tixier-Boichard, L. Stromstedt, D. Wright, A. Jungerius, A. Vereijken, E. Randi, P. Jensen and L. Andersson. 2008. Identification of the Yellow Skin gene reveals a hybrid origin of the domestic chicken. PloS Genet. 4(2):e1000010 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000010
  11. Ho, P. T. 1977. The indigenous origins of Chinese agriculture. In: Origins of agriculture (Ed. C. Reed). Mounton Publishers
  12. Komiyama, T., K. Ikeo and T. Gojobori. 2003. Where is the origin of the Japanese gamecocks? Gene. 317:195-202 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1119(03)00703-0
  13. Komiyama, T., K. Ikeo and T. Gojobori. 2004. The evolutionary origin of long-crowing chicken: its evolutionary relationship with fighting cocks disclosed by the mtDNA sequence analysis. Gene. 333:91-99 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2004.02.035
  14. Lansman, R. A., J. C. Avise and M. D. Huettel. 1983. Critical experimental test of the possibility of 'paternal leakage' of mitochondrial DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 80:1969-1971 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.80.7.1969
  15. Lei, C. Z., Q. L. Ge, H. C. Zhang, R. Y. Liu, W. Zhang, Y. Q. Jiang, R. H. Dang, H. L. Zheng, W. T. Hou and H. Chen. 2007. African maternal origin and genetic diversity of Chinese domestic donkeys. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 20:645-652 https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2007.645
  16. Li, J. L., Y. Shi, C. Fan and D. Manglai. 2008. mtDNA diversity and origin of Chinese Mongolian horses. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 21:1696-1702 https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.80193
  17. Liu, R. Y., C. Z. Lei, S. H. Liu and G. S. Yang. 2007. Genetic diversity and origin of Chinese domestic goats revealed by complete mtDNA D-loop sequence variation. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 20:178-183
  18. Liu, Y. P., G. S. Wu, Y. G. Yao, Y. W. Miao, G. Luikart, M. Baig, A. Beja-Pereira, Z. L. Ding, M. G. Palanichamy and Y. P. Zhang. 2006. Multiple maternal origins of chickens: Out of the Asian jungles. Mol. Phylogene. Evol. 38:12-19 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.014
  19. Liu, Y. P., Q. Zhu andY. G. Yao. 2006. Genetic relationship of Chinese and Japanese gamecocks revealed by mtDNA sequence variation. Biochem. Genet. 44:19-29
  20. Mindell, D. P., M. D. Sorenson, C. J. Huddleston, H. C. Miranda, A. Knight, S. J. Sawchuk and T. Yuri. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships among and within select avian orders based on mitochondrial DNA. InAvian molecular evolution and systematics (Ed. D. P. Mindell). pp. 214-247. Academic Press, San Diego
  21. Moore, W. S. and V. R. Defilippis. 1997. The window of taxonomic resolution for phylogenies based on mitochondrial cytochrome b. In: Avian molecular evolution and systematics (Ed. D. P. Mindell). pp. 84-119. Academic Press. San Diego
  22. Nishibori, M., T. Shimogiri, T. Hayashi and H. Yasue. 2005. Molecular evidence for hybridization of species in the genus Gallus except for Gallus varius. Anim. Genet. 36:367-375 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01318.x
  23. Odahara, S., H. J. Chung, S. H. Choi, S. L. Yu, S. Sasazaki, H. Mannen, C. S. Park and J. H. Lee. 2006. Mitochondrial DNA diversity of Korean native goats. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 19:482-485 https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2006.482
  24. Sasazaki, S., S. Odahara, C. Hiura, F. Mukai and H. Mannen. 2006. Mitochondrial DNA variation and genetic relationships in Japanese and Korean cattle. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 19:1394-1398 https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2006.1394
  25. Schneider, S., D. Roessli and L. Excoffoer. 2000. Arlequin: A software for population genetics data analysis. Ver 2.000. Genetics and Biometry Lab, Dept. of Anthropology, University of Geneva
  26. Tamura, K., J. Dudley, M. Nei and S. Kumar. 2007. MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol. Bio. Evol. 24:1596-1599 https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msm092
  27. Wang, X., H. Chen and C. Z. Lei. 2007. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of the mtDNA D-loop region in Tibetan sheep. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 20:313-315 https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2007.313
  28. Wayne, D., H. Willem, S. Ferguson and B. Paulette. 2002. Characterization and evolution of the mitochondrial DNA control region in hornbills (Bucerotiformes). J. Mol. Evol. 54:794-806 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-001-0083-0
  29. West, B. and B. X. Zhou. 1988. Did chickens go north? New evidence for domestication. J. Arch. Sci. 14:515-533 https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-4403(88)90080-5
  30. Wu, D. C. 1993b. The history of fighting cocks domestication in China. In: Chinese fighting cocks. pp. 246-251. Yuanfang Press. China
  31. Wu, D. C. and Z. Yang. 1993a. Fighting cocks. In: Chinese fighting cocks. pp. 4-7. Yuanfang Press. China

피인용 문헌

  1. Investigating the Global Dispersal of Chickens in Prehistory Using Ancient Mitochondrial DNA Signatures vol.7, pp.7, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039171
  2. Mitochondrial DNA from 3000-year old chickens at the Teouma site, Vanuatu vol.37, pp.10, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2010.05.006