Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine (동의생리병리학회지)

The Physiological Society of Korean Medicine and The Society of Pathology in Korean Medicine (대한동의생리학회·한의병리학회)
권호 표지

Effects of Purgative Action with Natrii Sulfas on Bax and HSP72 Expressions of the MCAO Rat Brain

망초(芒硝)의 사하작용(瀉下作用)이 MCAO 흰쥐 뇌조직의 Bax 및 HSP72 발현에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Kon-Sik (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Bum-Hoi (Department of Anatomy, College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Eui University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Eun (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Yang, Kee-Young (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Seong-Joon (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kang, Hee (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Sohn, Nak-Won (Division of Oriental Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University)
  • 김건식 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학) ;
  • 김범회 (동의대학교 한의과대학 해부학교실) ;
  • 이동은 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학) ;
  • 양기영 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학) ;
  • 김성준 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학) ;
  • 강희 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학) ;
  • 손낙원 (경희대학교 동서의학대학원 한의과학)
  • Published : 2009.08.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of purgation therapy with Natrii sulfas, a therapy for stroke patients with constipation in the oriental medicine, on the ischemic brain damage of the rats. The ischemic brain damage was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), Natrii sulafas was administered once after the MCAO. After 48 hours, expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, c-Fos, and HSP72 on the brain tissues were observed by immunohistochemistrical methods or technique. Purgation therapy with Natrii sulfas attenuated the excess of Bax expression caused by the ischemic brain damage. It was significant statistically in the penumbra of cerebral cortex, but not in the caudate putamen, of the MCAO rats. Purgation therapy with Natrii sulfas did not attenuate the excess of Bcl-2 expression caused by the ischemic brain damage. Purgation therapy with Natrii sulfas did not attenuate the excess of c-Fos expression caused by the ischemic brain damage. Purgation therapy with Natrii sulfas attenuated the excess of HSP72 expression caused by the ischemic brain damage. It was significant statistically in the penumbra of cerebral cortex, but not in the caudate putamen, of the MCAO rats. These results suggest that purgation therapy with Natrii sulfas has a neuroprotective effect on the ischemic brain damage and an anti-apoptotic effect.

Keywords

References

  1. 김영석. 임상중풍학. 서울, 서원당, pp 311-312, 349-350,432-436, 1997
  2. 손동혁, 장인수, 유경숙, 이진구, 윤희석, 이영구, 강현철. 급성기 뇌졸중 환자에 대한 임상적 고찰. 대한한방내과학회지 21(2):203-212, 2000
  3. 서운교, 정지천, 이원철. 노인 뇌졸중에 대한 임상적 고찰. 대한한방내과학회지 14(2):50-68, 1993
  4. 임성우. 중풍환자의 변비증에 관한 임상적 고찰. 대한정보학회지 3(1):7-11, 1997
  5. 강재춘. 변비에 관한 문헌적 고찰 (원인, 종류, 치법, 치방을중심으로). 대한한방내과학회지 15(2):165-173, 1994
  6. 이원철. 뇌졸중 급성기에 응용되는 하법에 대한 연구. 대한한의학회지 19(1):385-390, 1998
  7. 황치원, 변 일. 內科急症의 應急處置및 投藥方法에 關한 文獻的考察- 中風急症을 中心으로. 혜화의학, 1(3):16-45,1994
  8. 구본수, 김영석, 이대식, 문상관, 고창남, 조기호, 배형섭, 이경섭. 중풍환자의 변비에 대한 대승기탕의 임상적 연구. 대한의학회지 21(2):3-13, 2000
  9. 강영록, 김연진, 황치원. 대승기탕 보유관장을 시행한 중풍변폐 환자 45례에 대한 임상적 고찰. 대한한방내과학회지 1(2):329-336, 2000
  10. 김상진, 김민수, 서부일, 구덕모, 서해경, 안희덕. 중풍으로 유발된 배뇨. 배변 장애에 양격산화탕을 위주로 한 치험 1례. 대한본초학회지 18(3):1-8, 2003
  11. 정재욱, 서상호, 이은형, 김종득, 홍수현, 김원일. 중풍환자의 변비에 대한 소풍순기원의 효능에 관한 고찰. 대한한방내과학회지 26(4):776-784, 2005
  12. Kirino, T. Delayed neuronal death. Neuropathology. 20:S95-97, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1789.2000.00306.x
  13. Padosch, S.A., Bottiger, B.W. Neuronal apoptosis followingcerebral ischaemia: pathophysiology and possibletherapeutic implications. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol.16(5):439-445, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1097/00001503-200310000-00001
  14. Putcha, G.V., Deshmukh, M. Johnson, E.M.Jr. BAXtranslocation is a critical event in neuronal apoptosis:regulation by neuroprotectants, Bcl-2, and caspases. JNeurosci. 19: 7476-7485, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-17-07476.1999
  15. Neame, S.J., Rubin, L.L., Philpott, K.L. Blocking cytochromec activity within intact neurons inhibits apoptosis. J CellBiol. 142: 1583-1593, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.142.6.1583
  16. Chan, S.L., Mattson, M.P. Caspase and calpain substrates:roles in synaptic plasticity and cell death. J Neurosci Res.58: 167-190, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19991001)58:1<167::AID-JNR16>3.0.CO;2-K
  17. Kruman, I., Bruce-Keller, A.J., Bredesen, D.E., Waeg, G.,Mattson, M.P. Evidence that 4-hydroxynonenal mediatesoxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis. J Neurosci. 17:5089-5100, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-13-05089.1997
  18. Morley, P., Hogan, M.J., Hakim, A.M. Calcium-mediatedmechanisms of ischemic injury and protection. BrainPathol. 4(1):37-47, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3639.1994.tb00809.x
  19. Yamaguchi, T., Miyata, K., Shibasaki, F., Isshiki, A., Uchino,H. Effect of cyclosporin a on immediate early gene in ratglobal ischemia and its neuroprotection. J Pharmacol Sci100(1):73-81, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1254/jphs.FP0050799
  20. Nowak, T.S.Jr., Jacewicz, M. The heat shock/stress responsein focal cerebral ischemia. Brain Pathol. 4(1):67-76, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3639.1994.tb00812.x
  21. 전국한의과대학 본초학교수 공저. 본초학. 서울, 영림사, pp244-245, 1991
  22. Zea Longa, E.L., Weinstein, P.R., Carlson, S., Cummins, R.Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion withoutcraniectomy in rats. stroke. 20: 84-91, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.20.1.84
  23. Gross, A., McDonnell, J.M., Korsmeyer, S.J. Bcl-2 familymembers and the mitochondria in apoptosis. GenesDevelop. 13: 1899-1911, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.13.15.1899
  24. Krajewski, S., Mai, J.K., Krajewska, M., Sikorska, M.,Mossakowski, M.J., Reed, J.C. Upregulation of Bax proteinlevels in neurons following cerebral ischemia. J. Neurosci.15: 6364-6376, 1995 https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-10-06364.1995
  25. Hara, A., Iwai, T., Niwa, M., Uematsu, T., Yoshimi, N.,Tanaka, T., Mori, H. Immunohistochemical detection ofBax and Bcl-2 proteins in gerbil hippocampus followingtransient forebrain ischemia. Brain Res. 711: 249-253, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(95)01436-5
  26. MacGibbon, G.A., Lawlor, P.A., Sirimanne, E.S., Walton,M.R., Connor, B., Young, D., Williams, C., Gluckman, P.,Faull, R.L., Hughes, P., Dragunow, M. Bax expression inmammalian neurons undergoing apoptosis, and inAlzheimer's disease hippocampus. Brain Res. 750: 223-234,1997 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-8993(96)01351-0
  27. Cao, G., Minami, M., Pei, W., Yan, C., Chen, D., O'Horo,C., Graham, S.H., Chen, J. Intracellular Bax translocationafter transient cerebral ischemia: Implications for a role ofthe mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway in ischemicneuronal death. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 21: 321-333,2001 https://doi.org/10.1097/00004647-200104000-00001
  28. Gibson, M.E., Han, B.H., Choi, J., Knudson, C.M.,Korsmeyer, S.J., Parsadanian, M., Holtzman, D.M. BAXcontributes to apoptotic-like death following neonatalhypoxia-ischemia: evidence for distinct apoptosispathways. Mol Med. 7(9):644-655, 2001
  29. Martinou, J.C., Dubois-Dauphin, M., Staple, J.K., Rodriguez,I., Frankowski, H., Missotten, M., Albertini, P., Talabot, D.,Catsicas, S., Pietra, C., et al. Overexpression of Bcl-2 intransgenic mice protects neurons from naturally occurringcell death and experimental ischemia. Neuron.13(4):1017-1030, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(94)90266-6
  30. Akins, P.T., Liu, P.K., Hsu, C.Y. Immediate Early GeneExpression in Response to Cerebral Ischemia; Friend orFoe? Stroke. 27: 1682-1687, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.27.9.1682
  31. Jorgensen, M.B., Deckert, J., Wright, D.C., Gehlert, D.R.Delayed c-fos proto-oncogene expression in the rathippocampus induced by transient global cerebralischemia: an in situ hybridization study. Brain Res. 484:393-398, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(89)90388-0
  32. An, G., Lin, T-N., Liu, J-S., Xue, J-J., He, Y-Y., Hsu, C.Y.Expression of c-fos and c-j-f family genes after focalcerebral ischemia. Ann Neurol. 33: 457-464, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.410330508
  33. Kiessling, M., Stumm, G., Xie, Y., Herdegen, T., Aguzzi, A.,Bravo, R., Gass, P. Differential transcription and translationof immediate early genes in the gerbil hippocampus aftertransient global ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 13:914-924, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1993.114
  34. Collaco-Moraes, Y., Aspey, B.S., de Belleroche, J.S.,Harrison, M.J. Focal ischemia causes an extensive inductionof immediate early genes that are sensitive to MK-801.Stroke. 25: 1855-1860, 1994
  35. Castex, N., Fioramonti, J., Ducos de, Lahitte, J., Luffau, G.,More, J., Bueno, L. Brain Fos expression and intestinalmotor alterations during nematode-induced inflammationin the rat. Am J Physiol. 274: G210-216, 1998
  36. Welch, W.J. Heat shock proteins functioning as molecularchaperones: their roles in normal and stressed cells. PhilosTrans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 339: 327-333, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1993.0031
  37. Kinouchi, H., Sharp, F.R., Hill, M.P., Koistinaho, J., Sagar,S.M., Chan, P.H. Induction of 70-kDa heat shock proteinand hsp70 mRNA following transient focal cerebralischemia in the rat. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 13: 105-115,1993 https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1993.13
  38. Hossmann, K.A. Viability thresholds and the penumbra offocal ischemia. Ann Neurol. 36: 557-565, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.410360404