Advances in Traditional Medicine

Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center (경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소)
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Coenzyme Q10: a progress towards the treatment of neurodegenerative disease

  • Kumar, Peeyush (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas vishwavidyalaya) ;
  • Kumar, Pramod (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas vishwavidyalaya) ;
  • Ram, Alpana (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas vishwavidyalaya) ;
  • Kuma, Mithilesh (Depatment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University) ;
  • Kumar, Rajeev (Depatment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University)
  • Received : 2010.09.15
  • Accepted : 2010.12.06
  • Published : 2010.12.31
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Abstract

Coenzyme $Q_{10}$ ($CoQ_{10}$, or ubiquinone) is an electron carrier of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (electron transport chain) with antioxidant properties. In view of the involvement of $CoQ_{10}$ in oxidative phosphorylation and cellular antioxidant protection a deficiency in this quinone would be expected to contribute to disease pathophysiology by causing a failure in energy metabolism and antioxidant status. Indeed, a deficit in $CoQ_{10}$ status has been determined in a number of neuromuscular and neurodegenerative disorders. Primary disorders of $CoQ_{10}$ biosynthesis are potentially treatable conditions and therefore a high degree of clinical awareness about this condition is essential. A secondary loss of $CoQ_{10}$ status following HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statins) treatment has been implicated in the pathophysiology of the myotoxicity associated with this pharmacotherapy. $CoQ_{10}$ and its analogue, idebenone, have been widely used in the treatment of neurodegenerative and neuromuscular disorders. These compounds could potentially play a role in the treatment of mitochondrial disorders, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Friedreich's ataxia, and other conditions which have been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. This article reviews the physiological roles of $CoQ_{10}$, as well as the rationale and the role in clinical practice of $CoQ_{10}$ supplementation in different neurological diseases, from primary $CoQ_{10}$ deficiency to neurodegenerative disorders. These will help in future for treatment of patients suffering from neurodegenerative disease.

Keywords

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