DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Influence of porcelain re-firing on the formation of surface bubble and on the change in shade of metal-ceramic crown exposed to artificial saliva

인공타액에 노출되었던 금속도재관의 재소성이 색조와 표면기포 형성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

  • Park, Ji-Hyun (Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yeo, In-Sung (epartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Sung-Hun (Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Han, Jung-Suk (Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Jai-Bong (Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yang, Jae-Ho (Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University)
  • 박지현 (서울대학교 치과대학 보철학교실) ;
  • 여인성 (서울대학교 치과대학 보철학교실) ;
  • 김성훈 (서울대학교 치과대학 보철학교실) ;
  • 한중석 (서울대학교 치과대학 보철학교실) ;
  • 이재봉 (서울대학교 치과대학 보철학교실) ;
  • 양재호 (서울대학교 치과대학 보철학교실)
  • Received : 2010.10.13
  • Accepted : 2011.02.14
  • Published : 2011.04.29

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of porcelain re-firing on the formation of surface bubble and on the change in shade of metal-ceramic crown exposed to artificial saliva. Materials and methods: Thirty disk-shaped specimens were made in 10 mm diameter with 0.5 mm metal core thickness and 1 mm ceramic thickness. A spectroradiometer was used to determine the CIE Lab coordinates. The number and size of surface bubble were observed with a stereomicroscope. After the exposure to artificial saliva for 7 days, re-firing was performed at glazing temperature. After re-firing, the CIE Lab were calculated, and the number and size of surface bubble were observed again. The change in shade was expressed with ${\Delta}E$. Statistical analysis was done with paired t-test for the change in the number of surface bubble and student t-test for the change in the size of surface bubble (${\alpha$}=0.05). Results: Shade difference was calculated 2.14 ${\Delta}E$ units. The mean number of surface bubble was $1.33{\pm}1.49$ before re-firing, $3.27{\pm}2.90$ after re-firing. After re-firing, the number of surface bubble was significantly increased (P<.05). The mean size of surface bubble was $81.97{\pm}32.03\;{\mu}m$ before re-firing, $142.94{\pm}47.40\;{\mu}m$ after re-firing. After re-firing, the size of surface bubble was significantly increased (P<.05). Conclusion: Shade change after re-firing was perceptible (${\Delta}E$ < 2.0) and clinically acceptable (${\Delta}E$ < 3.7). The number and size of surface bubble was significantly increased after re-firing. Further investigation to decrease the surface bubble on the extra oral repair of metal-ceramic crown, will be needed in future study.

연구 목적: 본 연구에서는 인공타액에 노출되었던 금속도재 수복물의 재소성이 도재 표면의 색조와 표면기포에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 지름 10 mm, 두께 0.5 mm의 metal coping을 디스크 형태로 제작한 후 도재를 축성하여 금속 도재 수복물을 제작한 후, 표면의 색조를 spectroradiometer를 이용하여 측정하고, 표면기포의 수와 크기를 실체현미경으로 측정하였다. 인공타액에 7일간 담근 후 glazing firing 과정에 따라 재소성하였고, 재소성 후의 표면 색조, 표면기포의 수와 크기를 측정하였다. 재소성 전후의 색조 차이는 ${\Delta}E$로 표현하였고, 표면기포의 수는 paired t-test, 표면기포의 크기는 student t-test로 분석하였다 (${\alpha}$=0.05). 결과: 소성 전후 측정한 CIE Lab 값을 이용하여 계산한 결과, ${\Delta}E$=2.14 로 관찰되었다. 각 시편내의 표면기포 개수는 소성 전 $1.33{\pm}1.49$ 개, 소성 후 $3.27{\pm}2.90$ 개로 측정되 었으며, 소성 후 표면기포 개수는 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다 (P<.05). 각 시편내의 표면기포 크기는 소성 전 $81.97{\pm}32.03\;{\mu}m$, 소성 후 $142.94{\pm}47.40\;{\mu}m$로 측정되었으며, 소성 후 표면기포 크기는 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다 (P<.05). 결론: 소성 전후의 색변화가 인지되기는 하지만, 임상적으로 허용할 수 있는 정도였다. 재소성으로 도재 표면기포의 개수와 크기가 유의하게 증가하는 것으로 나타나서, 도재의 구강 외 수리 시에 발생하는 표면 기포를 줄이기 위한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Yamamoto M. Metal-Ceramics. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co., 1985. pp. 119-34.
  2. Pjetursson BE, Bragger U, Lang NP, Zwahlen M. Comparison of survival and complication rates of tooth-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) and implant-supported FDPs and single crowns (SCs). Clin Oral Implants Res 2007;18:97-113. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2007.01439.x
  3. Galiatsatos AA. An indirect repair technique for fractured metal-ceramic restorations: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2005;93:321-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2004.12.018
  4. Kelly JR, Nishimura I, Campbell SD. Ceramics in dentistry: historical roots and current perspectives. J Prosthet Dent 1996;75:18-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(96)90413-8
  5. Stannard JG, Marks L, Kanchanatawewat K. Effect of multiple firing on the bond strength of selected matched porcelain-fused-to-metal combinations. J Prosthet Dent 1990;63:627-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(90)90317-6
  6. Mackert JR Jr, Williams AL. Microcracks in dental porcelain and their behavior during multiple firing. J Dent Res 1996;75:1484-90. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345960750070801
  7. Isgro G, Kleverlaan CJ, Wang H, Feilzer AJ. The influence of multiple firing on thermal contraction of ceramic materials used for the fabrication of layered all-ceramic dental restorations. Dent Mater 2005;21:557-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2004.08.006
  8. Ritter JE. Predicting lifetimes of materials and material structures. Dent Mater 1995;11:142-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/0109-5641(95)80050-6
  9. Calamia JR. Etched porcelain veneers: the current state of the art. Quintessence Int 1985;16:5-12.
  10. Clyde JS, Gilmour A. Porcelain veneers: a preliminary review. Br Dent J 1988;164:9-14. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4806328
  11. Nicholls JI. Tensile bond of resin cements to porcelain veneers. J Prosthet Dent 1988;60:443-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(88)90245-4
  12. Aboush YE. Removing saliva contamination from porcelain veneers before bonding. J Prosthet Dent 1998;80:649-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(98)70050-2
  13. Phark JH, Duarte S Jr, Kahn H, Blatz MB, Sadan A. Influence of contamination and cleaning on bond strength to modified zirconia. Dent Mater 2009;25:1541-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2009.07.007
  14. Yang B, Wolfart S, Scharnberg M, Ludwig K, Adelung R, Kern M. Influence of contamination on zirconia ceramic bonding. J Dent Res 2007;86:749-53. https://doi.org/10.1177/154405910708600812
  15. Barghi N, Goldberg. Porcelain shade stability after repeated firing. J Prosthet Dent 1977;37:173-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(77)90239-6
  16. Barghi N, Richardson JT. A study of various factors influencing shade of bonded porcelain. J Prosthet Dent 1978;39:282-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(78)80096-1
  17. Jorgenson MW, Goodkind RJ. Spectrophotometric study of five porcelain shades relative to the dimensions of color, porcelain thickness, and repeated firings. J Prosthet Dent 1979;42:96-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(79)90335-4
  18. Seghi RR, Hewlett ER, Kim J. Visual and instrumental colorimetric assessments of small color differences on translucent dental porcelain. J Dent Res 1989;68:1760-4. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345890680120801
  19. Johnston WM, Kao EC. Assessment of appearance match by visual observation and clinical colorimetry. J Dent Res 1989;68:819-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345890680051301
  20. Douglas RD, Steinhauer TJ, Wee AG. Intraoral determination of the tolerance of dentists for perceptibility and acceptability of shade mismatch. J Prosthet Dent 2007;97:200-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2007.02.012
  21. Yilmaz B, Ozcelik TB, Wee AG. Effect of repeated firings on the color of opaque porcelain applied on different dental alloys. J Prosthet Dent 2009;101:395-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(09)60085-8
  22. Uludag B, Usumez A, Sahin V, Eser K, Ercoban E. The effect of ceramic thickness and number of firings on the color of ceramic systems: an in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2007;97:25-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2006.11.002
  23. Ozturk O, Uludag B, Usumez A, Sahin V, Celik G. The effect of ceramic thickness and number of firings on the color of two all-ceramic systems. J Prosthet Dent 2008;100:99-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(08)60156-0
  24. Jones DW, Wilson HJ. Porosity in dental ceramics. Br Dent J 1975;138:16-21. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4803350
  25. Cheung KC, Darvell BW. Sintering of dental porcelain: effect of time and temperature on appearance and porosity. Dent Mater 2002;18:163-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0109-5641(01)00038-0
  26. Hofstede TM, Ercoli C, Graser GN, Tallents RH, Moss ME, Zero DT. Influence of metal surface finishing on porcelain porosity and beam failure loads at the metal-ceramic interface. J Prosthet Dent 2000;84:309-17. https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2000.109488
  27. Anusavice KJ, Phillips, RW. Phillips' science of dental materials. 7th ed., New York: Elsevier; 2003. pp. 672.
  28. Zhang Y, Griggs JA, Benham AW. Influence of powder/liquid mixing ratio on porosity and translucency of dental porcelains. J Prosthet Dent 2004;91:128-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2003.10.014