DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Prediction of Driver's Cognitive Workload using Cognitive Architecture : ACT-R

ACT-R 인지 아키텍처를 이용한 운전자의 인지 부하 측정

  • Lim, Soo-Yong (School of Industrial Management Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Myung, Ro-Hae (School of Industrial Management Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Hong, Gi-Beom (Human Factors and Devices Research Team, Hyundai Motors)
  • 임수용 (고려대학교 산업경영공학과) ;
  • 명노해 (고려대학교 산업경영공학과) ;
  • 홍기범 (현대자동차 인간편의연구팀)
  • Received : 2012.01.02
  • Accepted : 2012.01.26
  • Published : 2012.06.01

Abstract

The driver model based on the ACT-R cognitive architecture was developed in order to predict the performance and cognitive workload of a driver operating HVI devices. In the 10 HVI tasks, the predicted performance time and cognitive workload by the ACT-R driver model was well matched and highly correlated with the mean of performance times and subjective workload ratings from 15 participants, respectively. It is strongly proposed that the ACT-R driver model in this study can be applied to evaluate the usability of a new HVI design with less cost in the early stage of system development.

Keywords

References

  1. Anderson, J. R. (2007), How Can the Human Mind Occur in the Physical Universe?, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  2. Bardauf, D., Burgard, E., and Wittmann, M. (2009), Time Perception as a Workload Measure in Simulated Car Driving, Applied Ergonomics, 40(5), 929-935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2009.01.004
  3. Briem, V. and Hedman, L. R. (1995), Behavioral Effects of Mobile Telephone Use during Simulated Driving, Ergonomics, 38(12), 2536-2562. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139508925285
  4. Collet, C., Clarion, A., Morel, M., Chapon, A., and Petit, C. (2009), Physiological and Behavioural Changes Associated to the Management of Secondary Tasks while Driving, Applied Ergonomics, 40(6), 1041-1046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2009.01.007
  5. Fuller, H. J. A., Reed, M. P., and Liu, Y. (2010), Integrating Physical and Cognitive Human Models to Represent Driving Behavior, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting Proceedings, 54, 1042-1046. https://doi.org/10.1177/154193121005401309
  6. Campbell, G. E. and Bolton, A. E. (2005), HBR Validation : Integrating Lessons Learned from Multiple Academic Disciplines, Applied Communities and the AMBR Project, In Modeling Human Behavior with Integrated Cognitive Architectures : Comparison, Evaluation, and Validation, R. W. Pew and K. Gluck, Eds. Lawrence Erlbaum.
  7. Hart, S. and Staveland, L. (1988), Development of NASA-TLX Results of Empirical and Theoretical Research, Human Mental Workload, Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam, 139-183.
  8. Jo, S., Myung. R., and Yoon, D. (2012), Quantitative Prediction of Mental Workload with the ACT-R Cognitive Architecture, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 42(4).
  9. Jo, S., Myung, R., and Yoon, D. (2010), A Proposed Methodology for the Theory-Based Prediction of Mental Workload with a Cognitive Architecture, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting Proceedings, 54, 1941-1945. https://doi.org/10.1177/154193121005402308
  10. Kong, B. D., Min, J. S., and Myung, R. (2009), Menu Design for Touch Screen Interfaces, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 53rd Annual Meeting Proceedings, 53(15), 950-954.
  11. Lebiere, C. (2001), A Theory Based Model of Cognitive Workload and Its Applications, In Proceedings of the 2001 Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation and Education Conference, Arlington, VA : NDIA, USA.
  12. Lysaght, R. J., Hill, S. G., Dick, A. O., Plamondon, B. D., and Lintion, P. M. (1989), Operator Workload : Comprehensive Review and Evaluation of Operator Workload Methodologies, Army Research Institute for the Social Sciences.
  13. Ma, R. and Kaber, D. B. (2005), Situation Awareness and Workload in Driving while using Adaptive Cruise Control and a Cell Phone, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 35(10), 939-953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2005.04.002
  14. Michon, J. A. (1985), A Critical View of Driver Behavior Models: What Do We Know, What Should We Do, Human Behavior and Traffic Safety, Plenum Press, New York, 485-520.
  15. Min, J. S., Jo, S. S., and Myung, R. (2010), Prediction of Menu Selection on Touch-screen using a Cognitive Architecture : ACT-R, Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, 29(6), 907-914. https://doi.org/10.5143/JESK.2010.29.6.907
  16. Mitchell, D. (2000), Mental Workload and ARL Workload Modeling Tools, Army Research Laboratory.
  17. Pauzie, A. (2008), Evaluating Driver Mental Workload using Driving Activity Load Index (DALI), European Conference on Human Centered Design for Intelligent Transports Systems, Lyon, 67-77.
  18. Recarte, M. and Nunes, L. (2003), Mental Workload While Driving : Effects on Visual Search, Discrimination, and Decision Making, Journal of Experiment Psychology : Applied, 9(2), 119-137. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.9.2.119
  19. Ryu, K. and Myung, R. (2005), Evaluation of Mental Workload with a Combined Measure Based on Physiological Indices during a Dual Task of Tracking and Mental Arithmetic, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 35, 991-1009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2005.04.005
  20. Salvucci, D. D. (2001), Predicting the Effects of In-Car Interface Use on Driver Performance : An Integrated Model Approach, Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 55, 85-107. https://doi.org/10.1006/ijhc.2001.0472
  21. Salvucci, D. D. (2006), Modeling Driver Behavior in a Cognitive Architecture, Human Factors, 48(2), 362-380. https://doi.org/10.1518/001872006777724417
  22. Salvucci, D. D. and Gray, R. (2004), A Two-Point Visual Control Model of Steering, Perception, 33, 1233-1248. https://doi.org/10.1068/p5343
  23. Salvucci, D. D. and Macuga, K. L. (2002), Predicting the Effects of Cellular-Phone Dialing on Driver Performance, Cognitive Systems Research, 3, 95-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1389-0417(01)00048-1
  24. Salvucci, D. D., Markley, D., Zuber, M., and Brumby, D. P. (2007), iPod Distraction: Effects of Portable Music-Player Use on Driver Performance, In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.
  25. Salvucci, D. D. and Taatgen, N. A. (2008), Threaded Cognition : An Integrated Theory of Concurrent Multitasking, Psychological Review, 115, 101-130. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.115.1.101
  26. Salvucci, D. D. and Taatgen, N. A. (2010), The Multitasking Mind, Oxford University Press.
  27. Sayer, J. R., Devonshire, J. M., and Flannagan, C. A. (2005), The Effects of Secondary Tasks on Naturalistic Driving Performance, University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute.
  28. Siewiorek, D., Smailagic, A., and Hornyak, M. (2002), Multimodal Contextual Car-Driver Interface, In Proceedings of Multimodal Interfaces, 367-373.
  29. Wu, C. and Liu, Y. (2007), Queuing Network Modeling of Driver Workload and Performance, Intelligent Transportation System, 8(3), 528-537. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2007.903443
  30. Yeh, Y. and Wickens, C. D. (1988), Dissociation of Performance and Subjective Measures of Workload, Human Factors, 30(1), 111-120. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872088803000110