한국식품영양과학회지 (Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition)

  • 제41권5호
  • /
  • Pages.630-637
  • /
  • 2012
  • /
  • 1226-3311(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-5978(eISSN)
한국식품영양과학회 (The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

팽화발효홍삼이 Streptozotocin 유발 당뇨쥐의 혈당관련 지표에 미치는 영향

Effects of Puffed and Fermented Red Ginseng on Blood Glucose-related Biomarkers in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

  • 투고 : 2012.03.30
  • 심사 : 2012.04.23
  • 발행 : 2012.05.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

팽화발효홍삼이 당뇨쥐의 혈당관련 지표에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 SD계 수컷 흰쥐에게 STZ로 당뇨를 유발시킨 후 당뇨대조군(DC), 일반홍삼군(300 mg/kg, RG), 팽화 후 유산균 $Bifidobacterium$ $breve$와 $Lactobacillus$ $delbrueckii$의 혼합균주로 발효한 팽화발효홍삼군-1(300 mg/kg, BL) 및 Enterococcus faecalis로 발효한 팽화발효홍삼군-2(300 mg/kg, EF)로 나누어 각 실험시료를 5주간 경구투여한 결과, 실험기간 동안 BL군의 혈당은 DC, RG군보다 유의적으로 낮은 수준을 유지하였으며(p<0.05), 실험 5주째의 경우 DC, RG군뿐만 아니라 EF군보다도 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 경구당부하 검사 결과에서도 BL군이 통계적으로 가장 낮은 혈당수준을 유지하였고(p<0.05), 혈당 곡선하면적(AUC)은 DC군에 비해 BL군이 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 실험종료 후 공복혈당은 BL군이 DC, RG군보다 유의하게 낮았고(p<0.05), 혈청 인슐린 농도 역시 BL군이 DC군과 유의적 차이를 보이며 낮게 나타났으며(p<0.05), 인슐린저항성은 DC군에 비해 BL, EF군이 유의하게 낮았고(p<0.05), 그중 BL군은 더욱 낮은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 당화혈색소(HbA1c) 함량은 BL군이 DC, RG군보다 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 혈청 총콜레스테롤(TC) 농도는 DC군에 비해 RG, BL, EF군이 통계적으로 낮았고(p<0.05), LDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 BL군이 DC군보다 유의한 감소를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 이상에서 $B.$ $breve$와 $L.$ $delbrueckii$의 혼합균주를 사용하여 제조한 팽화발효홍삼은 혈당농도를 낮추고 혈당관련 지표성분 및 혈청 지질농도 개선에도 다소간의 효과를 확인할 수 있었다.

This study was performed to investigate the effects of puffed and fermented red ginseng on blood glucose-related biomarkers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley diabetic rats were orally injected with 0.85% NaCL as a diabetic control (DC), 300 mg/kg general red ginseng (RG), 300 mg/kg puffing red ginseng fermented by mixed strain culture of $Bifidobacterium$ $breve$ and $Lactobacillus$ $delbrueckii$ (BL), and 300 mg/kg puffing red ginseng fermented by $Enterococcus$ $faecalis$ (EF) for 5 weeks. The blood glucose level of group BL was significantly lower maintained than in groups DC and RG for the experimental period (p<0.05). It was also significantly lower than in groups DC, RG, and EF at the 5th week (p<0.05). In the oral glucose tolerance test, the blood glucose of group BL was maintained the lowest level (p<0.05), and the area under the blood glucose curve (AUC) was also significantly lower in group BL than in group DC (p<0.05). The fasting blood glucose and insulin levels after the experiment were significantly low in group BL (p<0.05), and the HOMA-IR was more significantly low in groups BL and EF than in group DC (p<0.05). Also, the HbA1c content of group BL was significantly low than in groups DC and RG (p<0.05). The serum TC level was significantly decreased in groups RG, BL, and EF than in group DC (p<0.05), and the LDL-C content was significantly low in group BL than in group DC (p<0.05). From the findings, it was shown that the puffed and fermented red ginseng made using a mixed strain culture of $B.$ $breve$ and $L.$ $delbrueckii$ could improve blood glucose-related biomarkers.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Abrams JJ, Ginsberg H, Grundy SM. 1982. Metabolism of cholesterol and plasma triglycerides in non-ketotic diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 31: 903-910. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.31.10.903
  2. Kannel WB, Megee DL. 1979. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease. JAHA 241: 2035-2038.
  3. Treadway JL, Mendys P, Hoover DJ. 2001. Glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 10: 439-454. https://doi.org/10.1517/13543784.10.3.439
  4. Steinberg HO, Chaker H, Leaming R, Johnson A, Brechtel G, Baron AD. 1996. Obesity/insulin resistance is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Implications for the syndrome of insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 97: 2601-2610. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI118709
  5. Hayden JM, Reaven PD. 2000. Cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus type 2: a potential role for novel cardiovascular risk factors. Curr Opin Lipidol 11: 519-528. https://doi.org/10.1097/00041433-200010000-00010
  6. Vuksan V, Stavro MP, Sievenpiper JL, Koo VY, Wong E, Beljan-Zdravkovic U, Francis T, Jenkins AL, Leiter LA, Josse RG, Xu Z. 2000. American ginseng improves glycemia in individuals with normal glucose tolerance: effect of dose and time escalation. J Am Coll Nutr 19: 738-744. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2000.10718073
  7. Vuksan V, Sung MK, Sievenpiper JL, Stavro PM, Jenkins AL, Di Buono M, Lee KS, Leiter LA, Nam KY, Arnason JT, Choi M, Naeem A. 2006. Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) improves glucose and insulin regulation in well-controlled, type 2 diabetes: Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of efficacy and safety. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 18: 46-56.
  8. Vuksan V, Sievenpiper JL, Koo VY, Francis T, Beljan- Zdravkovic U, Xu Z, Vidgen E. 2000. American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) reduces postprandial glycemia in nondiabetic subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med 160: 1009-1013. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.160.7.1009
  9. Sievenpiper JL, Sung MK, Buono MD, Lee KS, Nam KY, Arnason JT, Leiter LA, Vuksan V. 2006. Korean red ginseng rootlets decrease acute postprandial glycemia: results from sequential preparation and dose-finding studies. J Am Coll Nutr 25: 100-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2006.10719519
  10. Sanata S, Kondo N, Shoji J, Tanaka O, Shibata S. 1974. Studies on the saponins of ginseng. I. Structure of ginsenoside- $R_0$, $Rb_1$, $Rb_2$, Rc and Rd. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 22: 421-428. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.22.421
  11. Kimura M, Waki L, Chujo T, Kikuchi T, Hiyama C, Yamazaki K, Tanaka O. 1981. Effects of hypoglycemic components in ginseng radix on blood insulin level in alloxan diabetic mice and on insulin release from perfused rat pancreas. J Pharm Dyn 4: 410-417. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb1978.4.410
  12. Yokozawa T, KobaYashi T, Oura H, Kawashima Y. 1985. Studies on the mechanism of the hypoglycemic activity of ginsenoside-Rb2 in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 33: 869-872. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.33.869
  13. Kim CM, Han GS. 1985. Radioprotective effects of ginseng proteins. Yakhak Hoeji 29: 246-252.
  14. Kim DJ, Seong KS, Kim DW, Ko SR, Chang CC. 2004. Antioxidative effects of red ginseng saponins on paraquat- induced oxidative stress. J Ginseng Res 28: 5-10. https://doi.org/10.5142/JGR.2004.28.1.005
  15. Kitagawa I, Taniyama T, Shibuya H, Nota T, Yoshikawa M. 1987. Chemical studies on crude drug processing. V. On the constituents of ginseng radix ruba (2): Comparison of the constituents of white ginseng and red ginseng prepared from the same Panax ginseng root. Yakugaku Zasshi 107: 495-505. https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.107.7_495
  16. Choi JE, Han JS, Kang SJ, Kim KH, Kim KH, Yook HS. 2010. Saponin contents and physicochemical properties of red ginseng extract pouch products collected from ginseng markets in Korea. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 39: 1660-1665. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.11.1660
  17. Shin YS. 2010. Comparisons of ginsenosides and anti-inflammatory effects of white ginseng and puffed red ginseng. Korean J Food Sci 26: 475-480.
  18. Park SJ, Kim DH, Kim SS. 2006. Preparation and quality characteristics of the fermentation product of ginseng by lactic acid bacteria (FGL). J Ginseng Res 30: 88-94. https://doi.org/10.5142/JGR.2006.30.2.088
  19. Je JH. 2007. Antidiabetic and oxidative stress relieving effects of fermented red ginseng. MS Thesis. Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
  20. Yang SJ, Woo KS, Yoo JS, Kang TS, Noh YH, Lee JS, Jeong HS. 2006. Changes of Korean ginseng components with high temperature and pressure treatment. Korean J Food Sci Technol 38: 521-525.
  21. Yoon SR, Lee MH, Park JH, Lee IS, Kwon JH, Lee GD. 2005. Changes in physicochemical compounds with heating treatment of ginseng. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 34: 1572-1578. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2005.34.10.1572
  22. Han CK, Hong HD, Kim YC, Kim SS, Sim GS. 2007. Effect of puffing on quality characteristics of red ginseng tail root. J Ginseng Res 31: 147-153. https://doi.org/10.5142/JGR.2007.31.3.147
  23. Shin YS. 2010. Fermentation of red ginseng using CKDHC 0801 and CKDHC 0802. Korean J Food Cookery Sci 26: 469-474.
  24. Reeves PG, Nielsen FH, Fahey GC. 1993. AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodent: final report of the American Institute Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diets. J Nutr 123: 1939-1951. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/123.11.1939
  25. Han CK, Kim SS, Choi SY, Park JH, Lee BH. 2009. Effects of rice added with mulberry leaves and fruit on blood glucose, body fat and serum lipid levels in rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 38: 1336-1341. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.10.1336
  26. Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Tuner RC. 1985. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 28: 412-419. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00280883
  27. Hasegawa H, Sung JH, Matsumiya S, Uchiyama M. 1996. Main ginseng metabolites formed by intestinal bacteria. Planta Med 62: 453-455. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-957938
  28. Akao T, Kanaoka M, Kobashi K. 1998. Appearance of compound K, a major metabolite of ginsenoside Rb1 by intestinal bacteria, in rat plasma after oral administrationmeasurement of compound K by enzyme immunoassay. Biol Pharm Bull 21: 245-249. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.21.245
  29. Odaka H, Matsuo T. 1992. Ameliorating effects of an intestinal disaccharidase inhibitor, AO-128, in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Jpn Food Sci Nutr 45: 33-38. https://doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.45.33
  30. Mogensen CE, Anderson MJF. 1973. Increased kidney size and glomerular filtration rate early jurvenile diabetes. Diabetes 22: 706-712. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.22.9.706
  31. Heaton KW. 1973. Food fiber as an obstacle to energy intake. Lancet 2: 1418-1421.
  32. Matkovics B, Kotorman M, Varga IS, Hai DQ, Varga C. 1998. Oxidative stress in experimental diabetes induced by streptozotocin. Acta Physiol Hung 85: 29-38.
  33. Kahn CR. 1985. The molecular mechanism of insulin action. Ann Rev Med 36: 249-251.
  34. Ng TB, Yeung HW, Lee HB. 1985. Hypoglycemic constituents of Panax ginseng. Gen Pharmacol 16: 549-552. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-3623(85)90140-5
  35. Lee HA, Kwon SO. 1997. Hypoglycemic action of components from red ginseng: (I) Investigation of the effect of ginsenosides from red ginseng on enzymes related to glucose metabolism in cultured rat hepatocytes. Korean J Ginseng Sci 21: 174-186.
  36. Lee IS, Lee SO, Lee IZ. 2003. Effects of tissue cultured ginseng on blood glucose and lipids in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Korean J Food Sci 35: 280-285.
  37. Kim HS, Seong YH, Yang JW, Jeon BS, Park UY, Park WK, Oh KW, Choi KJ. 1997. Hypoglycemic effects of extract mixture of red ginseng and steamed Rehmaniae radix on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Korean J Ginseng Sci 21: 169-173.
  38. Cho YH, Shin HJ, Chang CH, Nam MS. 2006. Studies on the development of the yogurt decreasing blood glucose. Korean J Food Sci Ani Resour 26: 257-262.
  39. Hwang KY, Kim YH, Cho YS, Park YS, Lee JY, Kang KD, Kim K, Joo DK, Ahn DK, Seong SI. 2008. Hypoglycemic effect of fermented soybean culture mixed with mulberry leaves on neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 37: 452-458. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2008.37.4.452
  40. Remsberg KE, Talbott EO, Zborowski JV, Evans RW, McHugh-Pemu K. 2002. Evidence for competing effects of body mass, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and obese woman with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 78: 479-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(02)03303-4
  41. Isomaa B. 2003. A major health hazard: the metabolic syndrome. Life Sci 73: 2395-2411. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(03)00646-5
  42. Beck-Nielsen H. 1999. General characteristics of the insulin resistance syndrome: prevalence and heritability. European Group for the study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR). Drugs 58 (Suppl I: 7-10); discussion 75-82.
  43. Rhee SY, Chon S, Oh S, Kim SW, Kim JW, Kim YS, Woo JT. 2007. Insulin secretion and insulin resistance in newly diagnosed, drug naive prediabetes and type 2 diabetes patients with/without metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 76: 397-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2006.09.035
  44. Pinnell AE, Northam BE. 1978. New automated dye-binding method for serum albumin determination with bromocresol purple. Clin Chem 24: 80-86.
  45. Levy RI. 1991. Cholesterol, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins and heart disease; present status and future prospects. Clin Chem 27: 653-662.
  46. Yamamoto M. 1984. Long term ginseng effects on hyperlipidemia in man with further study of its action on atherogenesis and fatty lover in rats. 4th Int'l Ginseng Symp. Ginseng Research Institute, Seoul, Korea. p 13-20.

피인용 문헌

  1. The comparisons of Lycii Radicis Cortex and Corni Fructus water extract effects on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats vol.28, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.6116/kjh.2013.28.6.71
  2. Effects of Puffed Red Ginseng Power and Drink on Blood Glucose and Serum Lipid Profile in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats vol.44, pp.10, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.10.1415
  3. Four months of magnetized water supplementation improves glycemic control, antioxidant status, and cellualr DNA damage in db/db mice vol.49, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2016.49.6.401
  4. Anti-diabetic effects of Allium tuberosum rottler extracts and lactic acid bacteria fermented extracts in type 2 diabetic mice model vol.22, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2015.22.1.134
  5. 여러 제형의 홍국발효 홍삼박을 산란계 사료에 첨가시 난각과 난황 특성에 미치는 영향 vol.26, pp.7, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5322/jesi.2017.26.7.869
  6. 유산균을 이용한 홍고추의 발효를 통한 항비만과 항당뇨 효과 vol.29, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5352/jls.2019.29.3.354
  7. The effects of ginseng on the metabolic syndrome: An updated review vol.9, pp.9, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2475