DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Fractal evaluation of the level of alligator cracking in pavements

  • Vallejo, Luis E. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 949 Benedum Hall, University of Pittsburgh)
  • 투고 : 2011.11.14
  • 심사 : 2012.08.06
  • 발행 : 2012.09.25

초록

Pavement management systems require systematic monitoring of pavement surfaces to determine preventive and corrective maintenance. The process involves the accumulation of large amounts of visual data, typically obtained from site visitation. The pavement surface condition is then correlated to a pavement distress index that is based on a scoring system previously established by state or federal agencies. The scoring system determines if the pavement section requires maintenance, overlay or reconstruction. One of the surface distresses forming part of the overall pavement distress index is the Alligator Crack Index (AC Index). The AC Index involves the visual evaluation of the crack severity of a section of a pavement as being low, medium, or high. This evaluation is then integrated into a formula in order to obtain the AC Index. In this study a quantification of the visual evaluation of the severity of alligator cracking is carried out using photographs and the fractal dimension concept from fractal theory. Pavements with low levels of cracking were found to have a fractal dimension equal to 1.051. Pavements with moderate levels of cracking had a fractal dimension equal to 1.1754. Pavements with high degrees of cracking had a fractal dimension that varied between 1.5037 (high) and 1.7111 (very high). Pavements with a level of cracking equal to 1.8976 represented pavements that disintegrated and developed potholes. Thus, the visual evaluation of the state of cracking of a pavement (the AC Index) could be enhanced with the use of the fractal dimension concept from fractal theory.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Carr, J.R. and Warriner, J.B.(1989), "Relationship between the fractal dimension and joint roughness coefficient", Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists, 26(2), 253-263.
  2. Federal Highway Administration (FHA) (2006), Pavement Distress Identification Manual for the NPS Road Inventory Program Cycle 4, 2006-2009. Report Prepared by Federal Highway Administration, Washington D.C.
  3. Hirata, T. (1989), "Fractal dimension of fault systems in Japan", Pure and Applied Geophysics 131(1/2), 157-170. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874485
  4. Juang, C.H. and Amirkhanian, S.N. (1992), "Unified pavement distress index for managing flexible pavements", J. of Transportation Eng., 118(5), 686-694. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(1992)118:5(686)
  5. Klinkenberg, B. (1994), "A review of methods used to determine the fractal dimension of linear features", Mathematical Geology, 26(1), 23-46. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02065874
  6. LeBlanc, J., Gennert, M.A., Wittels, N. and Gosselin, D. (1991), "Analysis and generation of pavement distress images using fractals", Transportation Research Record, 1311, 158-165.
  7. Lee, C., Chen, C.F., Huang., S.M., Hsu, C.J. and Sheu, S.W. (2002), "Development of an automated airport pavement image collection system", J. of Marine Science and Technology, 10(1), 21-7.
  8. Mandelbrot, B.B. (1982), The Fractal Geometry of Nature. Freeman, San Francisco.
  9. Perfect, E. (1997), "Fractal models for the fragmentation of rocks and soils: a review", Eng. Geol., 48(3/4), 185-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(97)00040-9
  10. Schlueter, E.M., Zimmerman, R.W., Witherspoon, P.A. and Cook, N.G.W. (1997) "The fractal dimension of pores in sedimentary rocks and its influence on permeability", Eng. Geol., 48(3/4), 199-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(97)00043-4
  11. Vallejo, L.E. (1994), "Fractal analysis of the slake durability test", Can. Geotech. J., 31(6), 1003-1009. https://doi.org/10.1139/t94-114
  12. Vallejo, L.E. (1995), "Fractal analysis of granular materials", Geotechnique, 45(1), 159-163. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1995.45.1.159
  13. Vallejo, L.E. (1996), "Fractal analysis of the fabric changes in a consolidating clay", Eng. Geol., 43(4), 281-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(96)00038-5
  14. Vallejo, L.E. (2001), "Fractal assessment of the surface texture of pavements", Int. J. of Pavement Eng., 2(2), 149-156. https://doi.org/10.1080/10298430108901723
  15. Vallejo, L.E. and Chik, Z. (2009), "Fractal and laboratory analyses of the crushing and abrasion of granular materials", Geomech. Eng., 1(4), 323-335. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2009.1.4.323
  16. Verbovsek, T. (2009), "Extrapolation of the fractal dimension of natural fracture networks from one to two dimensions in dolomites of Slovenia", Geosci. J., 13(4), 343-351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12303-009-0032-2

피인용 문헌

  1. Revisiting the confined comminution of granular materials with the consideration of the initial particle size distributions and repetitive loadings vol.329, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2018.01.045
  2. Relationship of box counting of fractured rock mass with Hoek-Brown parameters using particle flow simulation vol.9, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2015.9.5.619
  3. Research Trends in Pavement Management during the First Years of the 21st Century: A Bibliometric Analysis during the 2000–2013 Period vol.8, pp.7, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3390/app8071041