Applied Chemistry for Engineering (공업화학)

The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (한국공업화학회)
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Arthrospira platensis Mutants Containing High Lipid Content by Electron Beam Irradiation and Analysis of Its Fatty Acid Composition

전자빔 조사에 의해 지질 함량이 증대된 Arthrospira platensis 변이주 분리 및 지방산 분석

  • Choi, Soo-Jeong (Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Life Science, Silla University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Hwa (Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Medical and Life Science, Silla University) ;
  • Kim, Andre (Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Medical and Life Science, Silla University) ;
  • Lee, Jae-Hwa (Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Life Science, Silla University)
  • 최수정 (신라대학교 의생명과학대학 생명공학과) ;
  • 김영화 (신라대학교 의생명과학대학 제약공학과) ;
  • 김안드레 (신라대학교 의생명과학대학 제약공학과) ;
  • 이재화 (신라대학교 의생명과학대학 생명공학과)
  • Received : 2013.07.19
  • Accepted : 2013.08.22
  • Published : 2013.12.10
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Abstract

Arthrospira platensis (A. platensis) is an economically important microalgae because it has carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and a number of phytochemicals. It is also a valuable source used in the production of biodiesel and functional foods. In this study, A. platensis was exposed to electron beam irradation (240 kGy) and induced random mutagenesis for strain improvement. Several mutants were obtained, and the resulting mutant was designated as EB29. The growth rate and chlorophyll content of EB29 was similar to those of wild type. However, the lipid content of EB29 was increased seven-fold compared to that of wild type when comparing the nile red fluorescent intensity. Semi-quantitative analysis of EB29 using the calibration plot of standard lipid, triolein, represented $78.6{\mu}g/mL$, which increased 2 times compared to wild type ($41.4{\mu}g/mL$). When analyzing the fatty acid profile of EB29, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) in EB29 increased about six-fold. Moreover, fatty acids affecting the quality of biodiesel increased compared to that of wild type. Thus, electron beam could be used for the strain improvement of microalgae in order to accumulate PUFAs and alteration of fatty acid profile for biodiesel.

미세조류 Arthrospira platensis (A. platensis)는 탄수화물, 지질, 단백질, 파이토케미컬 등을 함유하고 있어 경제적으로 가치가 있으며, 바이오디젤이나 기능성 식품 생산에 중요한 자원이다. 균주 개량을 위해 A. platensis에 240 kGy의 선량으로 전자빔을 조사하여 무작위적 돌연변이를 유도하였다. 여러 변이주를 획득하였고, 스크리닝을 거쳐 지질 함량이 높은 변이주, EB29를 선별하였다. EB29의 세포 생장은 야생균주와 유사하였고, 클로로필 함량도 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 하지만, nile red로 염색하여 형광 강도로 측정했을 때, EB29의 지질 함량은 야생균주에 비해 7배 증가하였다. 표준 지질 triolein의 표준곡선을 이용한 지질의 반정량 결과, EB29는 $78.6{\mu}g/mL$로 야생균주($41.4{\mu}g/mL$)보다 약 2배 증가하였다. EB29의 지방산 성분도 분석하였는데, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA)와 같은 PUFA가 약 6배 증가하였고 바이오디젤의 질에 영향을 미치는 지방산들도 야생균주에 비해 증가하였다. 따라서 전자빔은 미세조류의 세포 내 PUFA를 축적시키거나, 바이오디젤에 적합한 지방산 성분을 변화시키는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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