Nutrition Research and Practice

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Pear pomace water extract inhibits adipogenesis and induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

  • Rhyu, Jin (Department of Food & Nutrition, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Kim, Min Sook (Department of Food & Nutrition, Mokpo National University) ;
  • You, Mi-Kyoung (Department of Food & Nutrition, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Bang, Mi-Ae (Jeonnam Biofood Technology Center) ;
  • Kim, Hyeon-A (Department of Food & Nutrition, Mokpo National University)
  • Received : 2013.07.19
  • Accepted : 2013.09.16
  • Published : 2014.01.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Obesity occurs when a person's calorie intake exceeds the amount of energy burns, which may lead to pathologic growth of adipocytes and the accumulation of fat in the tissues. In this study, the effect and mechanism of pear pomace extracts on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation and apoptosis of mature adipocytes were investigated. The effects of pear pomace extract on cell viability and the anti-adipogenic and proapoptotic effects were investigated via MTT assay, Oil red O staining, western blot analysis and apoptosis assay. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were stimulated with DMEM containing 10% FBS, 0.5 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), $5{\mu}g/ml$ insulin and $1{\mu}M$ dexamethasone for differentiation to adipocytes. 3T3-L1 cells were cultured with PBS or water extract of pear pomace. Water extract of pear pomace effectively inhibited lipid accumulations and expressions of PPAR-${\gamma}$ and $C/EBP{\alpha}$ in 3T3-L1 cells. It also increased expression of p-AMPK and decreased the expression of SREBP-1c and FAS in 3T3-L1 cells. The induction of apoptosis was observed in 3T3-L1 cells treated with pear pomace. These results indicate that pear pomace water extract inhibits adipogenesis and induces apoptosis of adipocytes and thus can be used as a potential therapeutic substance as part of prevention or treatment strategy for obesity.

Keywords

References

  1. Cowherd RM, Lyle RE, McGehee RE Jr. Molecular regulation of adipocyte differentiation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 1999;10:3-10. https://doi.org/10.1006/scdb.1998.0276
  2. Gesta S, Tseng YH, Kahn CR. Developmental origin of fat: tracking obesity to its source. Cell 2007;131:242-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2007.10.004
  3. Rosen ED, Sarraf P, Troy AE, Bradwin G, Moore K, Milstone DS, Spiegelman BM, Mortensen RM. PPAR gamma is required for the differentiation of adipose tissue in vivo and in vitro. Mol Cell 1999;4:611-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80211-7
  4. Hamm JK, Park BH, Farmer SR. A role for C/EBPbeta in regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activity during adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. J Biol Chem 2001;276:18464-71. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M100797200
  5. Erbayraktar Z, Yilmaz O, Artmann AT, Cehreli R, Coker C. Effects of selenium supplementation on antioxidant defense and glucose homeostasis in experimental diabetes mellitus. Biol Trace Elem Res 2007;118:217-26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-0037-5
  6. Fryer LG, Parbu-Patel A, Carling D. The Anti-diabetic drugs rosiglitazone and metformin stimulate AMP-activated protein kinase through distinct signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:25226-32. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M202489200
  7. Viollet B, Andreelli F, Jørgensen SB, Perrin C, Flamez D, Mu J, Wojtaszewski JF, Schuit FC, Birnbaum M, Richter E, Burcelin R, Vaulont S. Physiological role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK): insights from knockout mouse models. Biochem Soc Trans 2003;31:216-9.
  8. Towler MC, Hardie DG. AMP-activated protein kinase in metabolic control and insulin signaling. Circ Res 2007;100: 328-41. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.RES.0000256090.42690.05
  9. Gauthier MS, Miyoshi H, Souza SC, Cacicedo JM, Saha AK, Greenberg AS, Ruderman NB. AMP-activated protein kinase is activated as a consequence of lipolysis in the adipocyte: potential mechanism and physiological relevance. J Biol Chem 2008;283:16514-24. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M708177200
  10. Morrison RF, Farmer SR. Hormonal signaling and transcriptional control of adipocyte differentiation. J Nutr 2000;130:3116S- 3121S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/130.12.3116S
  11. Rosen ED, MacDougald OA. Adipocyte differentiation from the inside out. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2006;7:885-96. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm2066
  12. Zhang X, Koo J, Eun JB. Antioxidant acrivities of metnanol extracts and phenolic compounds in Asian pear at different stages of maturity. Food Sci Biotechnol 2006;15:44-50.
  13. Zhang X, Na CS, Kim JS, Lee FZ, Eun JB. Changes in dietary fiber content of flesh and peel in three cultivars of Asian pears during growth. Food Sci Biotechnol 2003;12:358-64.
  14. Kim JS, Na CS. Effects of pear phenolic compound on the STZ-treated mice for induction of diabetes. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 2002;31:1107-11. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2002.31.6.1107
  15. Na CS, Youn DH, Choi DH, Jeong JG, Eun JB, Kim JS. The effect of pear pectin & phenolic compounds on regional cerebral blood flow, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac contractile force in hypertensive rat induced by 2K1C. Korean J Herbol 2003;18:101-8.
  16. Lee I, Kim J, Ryoo I, Kim Y, Choo S, Yoo I, Min B, Na M, Hattori M, Bae K. Lanostane triterpenes from Ganoderma lucidum suppress the adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells through downregulation of SREBP-1c. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010;20: 5577-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.093
  17. Green H, Kehinde O. Sublines of mouse 3T3 cells that accumulate lipid. Cell 1974;1:113-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(74)90126-3
  18. Green H, Meuth M. An established pre-adipose cell line and its differentiation in culture. Cell 1974;3:127-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(74)90116-0
  19. Green H, Kehinde O. An established preadipose cell line and its differentiation in culture. II. Factors affecting the adipose conversion. Cell 1975;5:19-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(75)90087-2
  20. Tang JJ, Li JG, Qi W, Qiu WW, Li PS, Li BL, Song BL. Inhibition of SREBP by a small molecule, betulin, improves hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance and reduces atherosclerotic plaques. Cell Metab 2011;13:44-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2010.12.004
  21. Krycer JR, Sharpe LJ, Luu W, Brown AJ. The Akt-SREBP nexus: cell signaling meets lipid metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2010;21:268-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2010.01.001
  22. Viollet B, Guigas B, Leclerc J, Hébrard S, Lantier L, Mounier R, Andreelli F, Foretz M. AMP-activated protein kinase in the regulation of hepatic energy metabolism: from physiology to therapeutic perspectives. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2009;196:81-98. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.2009.01970.x
  23. Park SY, Hwang JT, Lee YK, Kim YM, Park OJ. AMP-activated kinase regulates adipocyte differentiation process in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with selenium. J Life Sci 2009;19:423-8. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2009.19.4.423
  24. Hsu CL, Huang SL, Yen GC. Inhibitory effect of phenolic acids on the proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in relation to their antioxidant activity. J Agric Food Chem 2006;54:4191-7. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0609882
  25. Hsu CL, Yen GC. Effects of capsaicin on induction of apoptosis and inhibition of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. J Agric Food Chem 2007;55:1730-6. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf062912b
  26. Kola B. Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in the control of appetite. J Neuroendocrinol 2008;20:942-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.2008.01745.x
  27. Kola B, Grossman AB, Korbonits M. The role of AMP-activated protein kinase in obesity. Front Horm Res 2008;36:198-211.

Cited by

  1. Zanthoxylum schinifolium leaf ethanol extract inhibits adipocyte differentiation through inactivation of the extracellular signal regulated kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathways in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes vol.12, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3463
  2. Validation of Analytical Method of Marker Compounds in Extract of Pear Pomace as a Functional Health Ingredient vol.44, pp.11, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.11.1682
  3. DHA increases adiponectin expression more effectively than EPA at relative low concentrations by regulating PPARγ and its phosphorylation at Ser273 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes vol.14, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-017-0209-z
  4. Pear pomace water extract suppresses hepatic lipid peroxidation and protects against liver damage in rats fed a high fat/cholesterol diet vol.26, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-017-0084-4
  5. Selected Tea and Tea Pomace Extracts Inhibit Intestinal α-Glucosidase Activity in Vitro and Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Vivo vol.16, pp.12, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16048811
  6. Lipin1-Mediated Repression of Adipogenesis by Rutin vol.44, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x16500312
  7. Combination of Garcinia cambogia Extract and Pear Pomace Extract Additively Suppresses Adipogenesis and Enhances Lipolysis in 3T3-L1 Cells vol.14, pp.54, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4103/pm.pm_388_17
  8. The Inhibitory Effect of L. plantarum Q180 on Adipocyte Differentiation in 3T3-L1 and Reduction of Adipocyte Size in Mice Fed High-fat Diet vol.38, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2018.38.1.99
  9. Anti-Obesity Effect of Fructus Pyri Pyrifoliae Extract Fermented by Lactic-Acid Bacteria on Rats vol.48, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.9729/am.2018.48.3.62
  10. Red pepper seed water extract inhibits preadipocyte differentiation and induces mature adipocyte apoptosis in 3T3-L1 cells vol.12, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2018.12.6.494
  11. Effect of the particle size of pear pomace on the quality of enriched layer and sponge cakes vol.54, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.14078
  12. 사과/배 부산물 및 표고버섯균사체를 이용한 발효물 개발 vol.51, pp.3, 2019, https://doi.org/10.9721/kjfst.2019.51.3.286
  13. Efficiently Anti-Obesity Effects of Unsaturated Alginate Oligosaccharides (UAOS) in High-Fat Diet (HFD)-Fed Mice vol.17, pp.9, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3390/md17090540