Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

  • 제15권8호
  • /
  • Pages.3645-3649
  • /
  • 2014
  • /
  • 1513-7368(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2476-762X(eISSN)
아시아태평양암예방학회 (Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Third-line Hormonal Therapy to Treat Prostate Cancer Relapse after Initial and Second-line Hormonal Therapy: Report of 52 Cases and Literature Review

  • 발행 : 2014.04.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of third-line combined androgen blockade (CAB) therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer that relapsed after primary and second-line CAB. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 52 patients who received first-, second-, and third-line CAB therapy (medical or surgical castration, plus steroidal antiandrogen of chlormadinone acetate, or nonsteroidal antiandrogen of flutamide or bicalutamide). For cumulative analysis, we searched the PubMed database and identified a total of 50 cases published in English. Including our cases, this provided a total of 102 cases for analysis. In our study cohort, 11 cases (21.2%) achieved more than 50% reduction of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) on initiation of third-line CAB. We found that third-line CAB with nonsteroidal antiandrogen after second-line CAB with steroidal antiandrogen exhibited favorable results, with a positive response in six of 13 patients (46.2%). Cumulative analysis findings were comparable. Regarding the timing of third-line CAB administration, 15 patients had started at a PSA equal to or less than 4.0 ng/ml, and eight of them (53.3%) showed a positive response to treatment, compared to only three of 37 patients (8.1%) whose PSA at the initiation of third-line therapy was higher than 4.0 ng/ml (p<0.001). We conclude that third-line CAB with nonsteroidal antiandrogen would be particularly useful for patients whose cancer progressed after second-line CAB with steroidal antiandrogen. The timing of treatment seems to be important because the higher the PSA at the start of third-line therapy, the lower the PSA response rate.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Akaza H, Hinotsu S, Usami M, et al (2009). Study Group for the Combined Androgen Blockade Therapy of Prostate Cancer. Combined androgen blockade with bicalutamide for advanced prostate cancer: long-term follow-up of a phase 3, double-blind, randomized study for survival. Cancer, 115, 3437-45. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24395
  2. Cookson MS, Roth BJ, Dahm P, et al (2013). Guidelines for the castration-resistant prostate cancer: American Urological Association. J Urol, 190, 429-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.05.005
  3. Choi JI, Kim YB, Yang SO, et al (2011). Efficacy of alternative antiandrogen therapy for prostate cancer that relapsed after initial maximum androgen blockade. Korean J Urol, 52, 461-5. https://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2011.52.7.461
  4. Desai A, Stadler WM, Vogelzang NJ (2001). Nilutamide:possible utility as a second-line hormonal agent. Urology, 58, 1016-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01455-8
  5. European Association of Urology (2013). Guidelines on prostate cancer: European Association of Urology.
  6. Joyce R, Fenton MA, Rode P, et al (1998). High dose bicalutamide for androgen independent prostate cancer:effect of prior hormonal therapy. J Urol, 159, 149-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)64039-4
  7. Kojima S, Suzuki H, Akakura K, et al (2004). Alternative antiandrogens to treat prostate cancer relapse after initial hormone therapy. J Urol, 171, 679-83. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000106190.32540.6c
  8. Labrie F (2010). Hormonal therapy of prostate cancer. Prog Brain Res, 182, 321-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(10)82014-X
  9. Lam JS, Leppert JT, Vemulapalli SN, et al (2006). Secondary hormonal therapy for advanced prostate cancer. J Urol, 175, 27-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00034-0
  10. Maffezzini M, Bossi A, Collette L (2007). Implications of prostate-specific antigen doubling time as indicator of failure after surgery or radiation therapy for prostate cancer. Eur Urol, 51, 605-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2006.10.062
  11. Mazumdar M, Glassman JR (2000). Categorizing a prognostic variable: review of methods, code for easy implementation and applications to decision-making about cancer treatments. Stat Med, 19, 113-32. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(20000115)19:1<113::AID-SIM245>3.0.CO;2-O
  12. McGrowder DA, Jackson LA, Crawford TV (2012). Prostate cancer and metabolic syndrome: is there a link? Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.1.001
  13. Miyake H, Hara I, Eto H (2005). Clinical outcome of maximum androgen blockade using flutamide as second-line hormonal therapy for hormone-refractory prostate cancer. BJU Int, 96, 791-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05766.x
  14. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014) Clinical practice guidelines in oncology: prostate cancer. version 1.2014.
  15. Nishimura K, Arichi N, Tokugawa S, et al (2007). Effects of flutamide as a second-line agent for maximum androgen blockade of hormone refractory prostate cancer. Int J Urol, 14, 264-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2007.01681.x
  16. Okegawa T, Nutahara K, Higashihara E (2010). Alternative antiandrogen therapy in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: a single-center experience. Int J Urol, 17, 950-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2010.02620.x
  17. Okihara K, Ukimura O, Kanemitsu N, et al (2007). Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Prostate Cancer Research Group. Clinical efficacy of alternative antiandrogen therapy in Japanese men with relapsed prostate cancer after first-line hormonal therapy. Int J Urol, 14, 128-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2007.01698.x
  18. Prostate Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (2000). Maximum androgen blockade in advanced prostate cancer: an overview of the randomised trials. Lancet, 355, 1491-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02163-2
  19. Scher HI, Liebertz C, Kelly WK, et al (1997). Bicalutamide for advanced prostate cancer: the natural versus treated history of disease. J Clin Oncol, 15, 2928-38.
  20. Situmorang GR, Umbas R, Mochtar CA, et al (2012). Prostate cancer in younger and older patients: do we treat them differently? Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 13, 4577-80. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.9.4577
  21. Suzuki H, Okihara K, Miyake H, et al (2008). Nonsteroidal Antiandrogen Sequential Alternation for Prostate Cancer Study Group. Alternative nonsteroidal antiandrogen therapy for advanced prostate cancer that relapsed after initial maximum androgen blockade. J Urol, 180, 921-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.05.045