참고문헌
- Biselli M, Forti P, Mucci F, et al (1997). Chemoembolization versus chemotherapy in elderly patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and contrast uptake as prognostic factor. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 52, 305-9.
- Bruix J, Sherman M (2005). Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology, 42, 1208-36. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.20933
- Bruix J, Sherman M (2011). Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. Hepatology, 53, 1020-2. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.24199
- Bruix J, Castells A, Montanya X, et al (1994). Phase II study of transarterial embolization in European patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: need for controlled trials. Hepatology, 20, 643-50. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.1840200315
- Carr BI, Zajko A, Bron K, et al (1997). Phase II study of Spherex (degradable starch microspheres) injected into the hepatic artery in conjunction with doxorubicin and cisplatin in the treatment of advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: interim analysis. Semin Oncol, 24, 97-9.
- Camma C, Schepis F, Orlando A, et al (2002). Transarterial chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Radiology, 224, 47-54. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2241011262
- Cho SJ, Yoon JH, Hwang SS, et al (2007). Do young hepatocellular carcinoma patients with relatively good liver function have poorer outcomes than elderly patients? J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 22, 1226-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.04914.x
- Chuang VP, Wallace S, Soo CS, et al (1982). Terapeutic Ivalon embolization of hepatic tumors. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 138, 289-94. https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.138.2.289
- Cohen MJ, Bloom AI, Barak O, et al (2013). Trans-arterial chemo-embolization is safe and effective for very elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol, 19, 2521-8. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i16.2521
- Cohen MJ, Levy I, Barak O, et al (2014). Trans-arterial chemo-embolization is safe and effective for elderly advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients: results from an international database. Liver Int, 34, 1109-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.12486
- Collier JD, Curless R, Bassendine MF, et al (1994). Clinical features and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in Britain in relation to age. Age Ageing, 23, 22-7. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/23.1.22
- Dhanasekaran R, Kooby DA, Staley CA, et al (2010). Comparison of conventional transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and chemoembolization with doxorubicin drug eluting beads (DEB) for unresectable hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC). J Surg Oncol, 101, 476-80.
- Dohmen K, Shirahama M, Shigematsu H, et al (2004). Optimal treatment strategy for elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 19, 859-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2003.03306.x
- Earle CC, Venditti LN, Neumann PJ, et al (2000). Who gets chemotherapy for metastatic lung cancer? Chest, 117, 1239-46. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.117.5.1239
- European Association For The Study Of The Liver; European Organisation For Research And Treatment Of Cancer (2012). EASL-EORTC clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol, 56, 908-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2011.12.001
- Fernandez-Ruiz M, Guerra-Vales JM, Llenas-Garcia J, et al (2008). Hepatocellular carcinoma in the elderly: clinical characteristics, survival analysis, and prognostic indicators in a cohort of Spanish patients older than 75 years. Rev Esp Enferm Dig, 100, 625-31.
- Gunji T, Kawauchi N, Ohnishi S, et al (1992). Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with advanced cirrhosis by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization using autologous blood clot: a preliminary report. Hepatology, 15, 252-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.1840150213
- Hoshida Y, Ikeda K, Saito S, et al (1999). The efficacy and prognosis of transcatheter chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma in the elderly. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi, 96, 142-6.
- Huang J, Li BK, Chen GH, et al (2009). Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing hepatectomy. J Gastrointest Surg, 13, 1627-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-009-0933-4
- Hutchins LF, Unger JM, Crowley JJ, et al (1999). Underrepresentation of patients 65 years of age or older in cancer-treatment trials. N Engl J Med, 341, 2061-7. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199912303412706
- Kumar V, Fausto N, Abbas A (editors) (2003). Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (7th ed.). Saunders. pp. 914-7.
- Lammer J, Malagari K, Vogl T, et al (2010). Prospective randomized study of doxorubicin-eluting-bead embolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: results of the PRECISION V study. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 33, 41-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-009-9711-7
- Lee CR, Lim JH, Kim SH, et al (2012). A comparative analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatic resection in young versus elderly patients. J Gastrointest Surg, 16, 736-43.
- Lewandowski RJ, Kulik LM, Riaz A, et al (2009). A comparative analysis of transarterial downstaging for hepatocellular carcinoma: chemoembolization versus radioembolization. Am J Transplant, 9, 1920-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02695.x
- Llovet JM, Bruix J (2003). Systematic review of randomized trials for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: chemoembolization improves survival. Hepatology, 37, 429-42. https://doi.org/10.1053/jhep.2003.50047
- Makuuchi M, Kokudo N, Arii S, et al (2008). Development of evidence-based clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan. Hepatol Res, 38, 37-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1872-034X.2007.00216.x
- Mirici-Cappa F, Gramenzi A, Santi V, et al (2010). Treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients are as effective as in younger patients: a 20-year multicentre experience. Gut, 59, 387-96. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.2009.194217
- Nicolini A, Martinetti L, Crespi S, et al (2010). Transarterial chemoembolization with epirubicin-eluting beads versus transarterial embolization before liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol, 21, 327-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvir.2009.10.038
- Nishikawa H, Kita R, Kimura T, et al (2014). Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: clinical outcome and safety in elderly patients. J Cancer, 17, 590-7.
- Omata M, Lesmana LA, Tateishi R, et al (2010). Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver consensus recommendations on hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int, 4, 439-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-010-9165-7
- Oishi K, Itamoto T, Kobayashi T, et al (2009). Hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients aged 75 years or more. J Gastrointest Surg, 13, 695-701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-008-0758-6
- Pignata S, Gallo C, Daniele B, et al (2006). Characteristics at presentation and outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the elderly. A study of the Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP). Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 59, 243-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2006.01.002
- Portolani N, Baiocchi GL, Coniglio A, et al (2011). Limited liver resection: a good indication for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients. Jpn J Clin Oncol, 41, 1358-65. https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyr154
- Seeff LB, Hoofnagle JH (2006). Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in areas of low hepatitis B and hepatitis C endemicity. Oncogene, 25, 3771-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209560
- Thuluvath PJ, Guidinger MK, Fung JJ, et al (2010). Liver transplantation in the United States, 1999-2008. Am J Trans Plant, 2, 1003-19.
- Tsukioka G, Kakizaki S, Sohara N, et al (2006). Hepatocellular carcinoma in extremely elderly patients: an analysis of clinical characteristics, prognosis and patient survival. World J Gastroenterol, 12, 48-53. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v12.i1.48