The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

The Korean Society of Pharmacology (대한약리학회)
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Carnosic acid protects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by potentiating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant capacity in mice

  • Guo, Qi (Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University) ;
  • Shen, Zhiyang (Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University) ;
  • Yu, Hongxia (Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University) ;
  • Lu, Gaofeng (Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University) ;
  • Yu, Yong (Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University) ;
  • Liu, Xia (Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University) ;
  • Zheng, Pengyuan (Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University)
  • Received : 2015.03.24
  • Accepted : 2015.08.16
  • Published : 2016.01.01
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Abstract

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is one of the most common causes of acute liver failure. The study aimed to investigate the protective effect of carnosic acid (CA) on APAP-induced acute hepatotoxicity and its underlying mechanism in mice. To induce hepatotoxicity, APAP solution (400 mg/kg) was administered into mice by intraperitoneal injection. Histological analysis revealed that CA treatment significantly ameliorated APAP-induced hepatic necrosis. The levels of both alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in serum were reduced by CA treatment. Moreover, CA treatment significantly inhibited APAP-induced hepatocytes necrosis and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) releasing. Western blot analysis showed that CA abrogated APAP-induced cleaved caspase-3, Bax and phosphorylated JNK protein expression. Further results showed that CA treatment markedly inhibited APAP-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and MCP-1 mRNA expression and the levels of phosphorylated $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and p65 protein in the liver. In addition, CA treatment reduced APAP- induced hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Conversely, hepatic glutathione (GSH) level was increased by administration of CA in APAP-treated mice. Mechanistically, CA facilitated Nrf2 translocation into nuclear through blocking the interaction between Nrf2 and Keap1, which, in turn, upregulated anti-oxidant genes mRNA expression. Taken together, our results indicate that CA facilitates Nrf2 nuclear translocation, causing induction of Nrf2-dependent genes, which contributes to protection from acetaminophen hepatotoxicity.

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References

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