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Analysis of driver behavior related to frontal vehicle collision direction

정면충돌의 충돌방향과 관련된 운전자의 행동분석

  • Lee, Myung-Lyeol (Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Daewon university College) ;
  • Kim, Ho-Jung (Department of Emergency Medicine, soonchunghyang University) ;
  • Lee, Kang-Hyun (Department of Emergency Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Chul (Department of Emergency Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Lee, Hyo-Ju (Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Gyeongbuk Provicial College) ;
  • Choi, Hyo-Jueng (Department of Emergency Medicine, soonchunghyang University)
  • 이명렬 (대원대학교 응급구조과) ;
  • 김호중 (순천향대학교 부천병원응급의학과) ;
  • 이강현 (연세대학교 원주의과대학 응급의학교실) ;
  • 김상철 (건국대학교 충주병원) ;
  • 이효주 (경북도립대학교 응급구조과) ;
  • 최효정 (순천향대학교 부천병원응급의학과)
  • Received : 2016.03.07
  • Accepted : 2016.05.12
  • Published : 2016.05.31

Abstract

This study investigates frontal crashes, analyzes the driver's action related to the change of the collision direction and determines the severity of (bodily injury). This study was conducted from August, 2013, to January, 2014, and the data for the car damage and human body damage were collected by emergency medical teams. In terms of data collection, we collected the accident vehicle, crash direction, body damage, etc., based on the Korea In-depth Accident Study (KIDAS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS). We used Minitab 17 and SPSS 22.0 to do the frequency analysis and ANOVA. In the analysis results, the prevalence of frontal collisions was 55.8% and mostly occurred in the 12 o'clock direction. In the analysis of the frontal crash direction according to age, the average ages for the 11, 12 and 1 o'clock directions were $46.46{\pm}13.47$, $44.43{\pm}13.40$ and $52.46{\pm}12.04$, respectively, so the older age drivers had a high probability of the accident occurring in the 1 o'clock direction. In the analysis of men's frontal collision direction according to age, the average ages in the 11, 12 and 1 o'clock directions were $47.10{\pm}13.88$, $45.24{\pm}13.78$ and $55.73{\pm}13.38$, respectively, so older aged men had a high probability of having collisions in the 1 o'clock direction. However, the statistical analysis of the frontal crash direction according to age in women didn't show any meaningful trend. When comparing the ISS according to age of the men and women in the collision direction, the men were less likely to have a 12 o'clock collision when $ISS{\geq}9$ and more likely to have a 1 o'clock collision when ISS<9. As a result, frontal crashes are more likely to occur in the 12 o'clock direction and the ISS decreases because the likelihood of frontal crashes in the 1 o'clock direction increases with increasing age. Therefore, when men recognize that they are heading for a 12 o'clock direction collision, they try to steer to the left to reduce the body damage.

본 연구는 정면충돌사고를 분석하여 충돌방향과 관련된 운전저의 행동변화를 분석하고, 인체손상정도를 파악해보고자 한다. 연구기간은 2013년 8월~2014년 1월까지로 응급의학 팀에 의해 차량의 손상정도와 인체상해 데이터를 수집하였다. 자료수집에서 사고차량, 사고방향 등은 KIDAS(Korea In-depth Accident Study; 한국형 교통사고 심층조사)와 인체손상정보에 기반을 둔 ISS(Injury Severity Score; 인체손상점수) 내용을 수집하였다. 자료분석은 Minitab 17과 SPSS 22.0을 이용하여 빈도분석과 ANOVA분석을 시행하였다. 분석결과 정면충돌은 12시 방향에서 55.8%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 연령에 따른 정면충돌 방향을 분석해 본 결과 11시방향이 평균 $46.46{\pm}13.47$세, 12시방향이 $44.43{\pm}13.40$세, 1시 방향에서 $52.46{\pm}12.04$세로 통계적으로 유의하게 연령이 높을수록 1시 방향에서 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 남자의 연령에 따른 정면충돌 방향에서도 11시방향이 $47.10{\pm}13.88$세, 12시방향이 $45.24{\pm}13.78$세, 1시 방향에서 $55.73{\pm}13.38$세로 연령이 증가함에 따라 1시방향의 충돌이 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 그러나 여자의 경우 연령에 따른 정면충돌 방향에서는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다(p>0.05). 남녀의 연령에 따른 충돌방향에서의 ISS점수를 비교해봤을 때 남자의 경우 $ISS{\geq}9$에서 12시방향 충돌은 감소하고 ISS<9에서 1시방향 충돌이 증가하였다(p<0.05). 결과적으로 정면충돌방향은 12시 방향에서 가장 높은 빈도로 일어나고, 연령이 증가할수록 정면충돌 방향이 1시 방향으로 높아져 ISS점수가 낮아진다. 따라서 남성에서 12시방향 충돌을 인지하고 핸들을 왼쪽으로 틀어 1시 방향 충돌로 바꾸어 신체손상을 줄이려는 행동을 한다.

Keywords

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