Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

  • 제29권12호
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  • Pages.1725-1733
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  • 2016
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  • 1011-2367(pISSN)
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  • 1976-5517(eISSN)
아세아태평양축산학회 (Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies)
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Effects of Combining Feed Grade Urea and a Slow-release Urea Product on Performance, Dietary Energetics and Carcass Characteristics of Feedlot Lambs Fed Finishing Diets with Different Starch to Acid Detergent Fiber Ratios

  • Estrada-Angulo, A. (Veterinary and Animal Science School, University Autonomous of Sinaloa) ;
  • Lopez-Soto, M.A. (Research Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University Autonomous of Baja California) ;
  • Rivera-Mendez, C.R. (Research Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University Autonomous of Baja California) ;
  • Castro, B.I. (Veterinary and Animal Science School, University Autonomous of Sinaloa) ;
  • Rios, F.G. (Veterinary and Animal Science School, University Autonomous of Sinaloa) ;
  • Davila-Ramos, H. (Veterinary and Animal Science School, University Autonomous of Sinaloa) ;
  • Barreras, A. (Research Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University Autonomous of Baja California) ;
  • Urias-Estrada, J.D. (Research Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University Autonomous of Baja California) ;
  • Zinn, R.A. (Department of Animal Science, University of California) ;
  • Plascencia, A. (Research Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University Autonomous of Baja California)
  • 투고 : 2016.01.06
  • 심사 : 2016.05.18
  • 발행 : 2016.12.01
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초록

Recent findings have shown that microbial nitrogen flow and digestible energy of diets are increased when urea is combined with a slow-release urea (SRU) in diets with a starch to acid detergent fibre ratio (S:F) 4:1. This affect is attributable to enhanced synchrony between ruminal N availability for microbial growth and carbohydrate degradation. To verify the magnitude of this effects on lamb performance, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of combining urea and a SRU in diets containing S:F ratios of 3:1, 4:1, or 5:1 on performance, dietary energetics and carcass characteristics of finishing lambs. For that, 40 Pelibuey${\times}$Katahdin lambs ($36.65{\pm}3kg$) were assigned to one of five weight groupings in 20 pens (5 repetition/treatments). The S:F ratio in the diet was manipulated by partially replacing the corn grain and dried distiller's grain with solubles by forage (wheat straw) and soybean meal to reach S:F ratios of 3:1, 4:1 or 5:1. An additional treatment of 4:1 S:F ratio with 0.8% urea as the sole source of non-protein nitrogen was used as a reference for comparing the effect of urea combination vs. conventional urea at the same S:F ratio. There were no treatment effects on dry matter intake (DMI). Compared the urea combination vs urea at the same S:F ratio, urea combination increased (p<0.01) average daily gain (ADG, 18.3%), gain for feed (G:F, 9.5%), and apparent energy retention per unit DMI (8.2%). Irrespective of the S:F ratio, the urea combination improved the observed-to-expected dietary ratio and apparent retention per unit DMI was maximal (quadratic effect, $p{\leq}0.03$) at an S:F ratio of 4:1, while the conventional urea treatment did not modify the observed-to-expected net energy ratio nor the apparent retention per unit DMI at 4:1 S:F ratio. Urea combination group tended (3.8%, p = 0.08) to have heavier carcasses with no effects on the rest of carcass characteristics. As S:F ratio increased, ADG, G:F, dietary net energy, carcass weight, dressing percentage and longissimus thoracis (LM) area increased linearly ($p{\leq}0.02$). Combining urea and a slow-release urea product results in positive effects on growth performance and dietary energetics, but the best responses are apparently observed when there is a certain proportion (S:F ratio = 4:1) of starch to acid detergent fibre in the diet.

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