Applied Chemistry for Engineering (공업화학)

The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (한국공업화학회)
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Cellular Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Kaempferol and Nicotiflorin Isolated from Annona muricata against 1O2-induced Damage

그라비올라로부터 분리된 Kaempferol 및 Nicotiflorin의 1O2으로 유도된 세포손상에 대한 보호 효과와 그 메커니즘

  • Park, So Hyun (Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Shin, Hyuk Soo (Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Nan Hee (Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Hong, In Kee (Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Park, Soo Nam (Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic R&D Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology)
  • 박소현 (서울과학기술대학교 정밀화학과 화장품종합기술연구소, 코스메틱 융.복합산업 지원 센터) ;
  • 신혁수 (서울과학기술대학교 정밀화학과 화장품종합기술연구소, 코스메틱 융.복합산업 지원 센터) ;
  • 이난희 (서울과학기술대학교 정밀화학과 화장품종합기술연구소, 코스메틱 융.복합산업 지원 센터) ;
  • 홍인기 (서울과학기술대학교 정밀화학과 화장품종합기술연구소, 코스메틱 융.복합산업 지원 센터) ;
  • 박수남 (서울과학기술대학교 정밀화학과 화장품종합기술연구소, 코스메틱 융.복합산업 지원 센터)
  • Received : 2017.09.18
  • Accepted : 2017.11.18
  • Published : 2018.02.10
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Abstract

In this study, we investigated the cellular protective effects and mechanisms of nicotiflorin and its aglycone kaempferol isolated from Annona muricata. The protective effect of these components against $^1O_2$-induced cell damage was also studied by using L-ascorbic acid and (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol as controls. Kaempferol exhibited the most potent protective effect, followed by (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol and nicotiflorin. L-Ascorbic acid did not exhibit any cellular protective effects. To elucidate the mechanism underlying protective effects, the quenching rate constant of the singlet oxygen, free radical-scavenging activity, ROS-scavenging activity, and uptake ratio of the erythrocyte membrane were measured. The results showed that the cell membrane penetration is a key factor determining the cellular protective effect of kaempferol and its glycoside nicotiflorin. The result from L-ascorbic acid demonstrated that the cellular protective effect of a compound depends on its ability to penetrate the cell membrane and is independent of its antioxidant capacity. In addition, it is suggested that cellular protective effects of kaempferol and (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol depend not only on the cell permeability, but also on free radical- and ROS-scavenging activities. These results indicate that the cell permeability and free radical- and ROS- scavenging activities of antioxidants are major factors affecting the protection of cell membranes against the oxidative damage induced by photosensitization reaction.

본 연구에서는 그라비올라의 주성분인 nicotiflorin을 분리하고 그 아글리콘 성분인 kaempferol을 얻어 세포 보호 효과 및 그 보호 메커니즘을 규명하였다. L-Ascorbic acid 및 (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol을 대조군으로 하여, $^1O_2$로 유도된 세포 손상에 대해 nicotiflorin 및 kaempferol의 보호 효과를 측정한 결과 nicotiflorin < (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol < kaempferol 순으로 보호 효과가 증가하였다. L-Ascorbic acid는 세포 보호 효과를 보이지 않았다. 이들의 세포 보호 효과 메커니즘을 밝히기 위해 singlet oxygen 소광 속도 상수, 자유라디칼 소거 활성, ROS 소거 활성 및 적혈구 세포 침투율을 측정하였다. 실험 결과, kaempferol과 그 배당체인 nicotiflorin의 세포 보호 효과에 있어서 큰 차이는 세포막에의 침투가 가장 큰 요인으로 확인되었다. 대조군 L-ascorbic acid가 항산화능은 크지만 실험 조건에서 세포막에 침투가 잘 안되어 세포 보호 효과가 나타나지 않은 것으로 확인되었다. Kaempferol과 (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol의 비교를 통해 세포 침투뿐만 아니라 라디칼 소거활성 및 ROS 소거 활성도 세포 보호 효과에 기여하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 광증감 반응으로 유도된 세포막 파괴에 대한 보호작용은 항산화제들의 세포 침투, 자유라디칼 및 ROS 소거 활성이 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다.

Keywords

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