The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

The Korean Society of Pharmacology (대한약리학회)
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Mannosylerythritol lipids ameliorate ultraviolet A-induced aquaporin-3 downregulation by suppressing c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation in cultured human keratinocytes

  • Bae, Il-Hong (R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation) ;
  • Lee, Sung Hoon (R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation) ;
  • Oh, Soojung (R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation) ;
  • Choi, Hyeongwon (R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation) ;
  • Marinho, Paulo A. (R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation) ;
  • Yoo, Jae Won (R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation) ;
  • Ko, Jae Young (R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation) ;
  • Lee, Eun-Soo (R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation) ;
  • Lee, Tae Ryong (R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation) ;
  • Lee, Chang Seok (Department of Beauty and Cosmetic Science, Eulji University) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Yong (Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2018.10.26
  • Accepted : 2018.12.24
  • Published : 2019.03.01
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Abstract

Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are glycolipids and have several pharmacological efficacies. MELs also show skin-moisturizing efficacy through a yet-unknown underlying mechanism. Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is a membrane protein that contributes to the water homeostasis of the epidermis, and decreased AQP3 expression following ultraviolet (UV)-irradiation of the skin is associated with reduced skin moisture. No previous study has examined whether the skin-moisturizing effect of MELs might act through the modulation of AQP3 expression. Here, we report for the first time that MELs ameliorate the UVA-induced downregulation of AQP3 in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT keratinocytes). Our results revealed that UVA irradiation decreases AQP3 expression at the protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels, but that MEL treatment significantly ameliorated these effects. Our mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor analysis revealed that phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase or p38, mediates UVA-induced AQP3 downregulation, and that MEL treatment significantly suppressed the UVA-induced phosphorylation of JNK. To explore a possible mechanism, we tested whether MELs could regulate the expression of peroxidase proliferator-activated receptor gamma ($PPAR-{\gamma}$), which acts as a potent transcription factor for AQP3 expression. Interestingly, UVA irradiation significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of $PPAR-{\gamma}$ in HaCaT keratinocytes, whereas a JNK inhibitor and MELs significantly rescued this effect. Taken together, these findings suggest that MELs ameliorate UVA-induced AQP3 downregulation in HaCaT keratinocytes by suppressing JNK activation to block the decrease of $PPAR-{\gamma}$. Collectively, our findings suggest that MELs can be used as a potential ingredient that modulates AQP3 expression to improve skin moisturization following UVA irradiation-induced damage.

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References

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