Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Identifying Latent Classes in School Readiness and Testing its' Relationship to School Adaption and Psychological Well-being

학교준비도 잠재계층에 따른 초등학교 저학년 시기의 학교적응 및 심리적 특성 차이 검증: 부모, 교사의 중다 평정 자료 활용을 중심으로

  • Yeon, Eun Mo (College of Basic Studies, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Choi, Hyo-Sik (Department of Education, Chuncheon National University of Education)
  • Received : 2019.12.31
  • Accepted : 2020.06.05
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify latent classes in school readiness which were measured by both parents and teachers, and to test the relationship with school adaption, academic abilities, problematic behaviors, self-esteem, and happiness. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA), MANOVA, and one-way ANOVA were conducted using the data of 1,154 1st to 3rd grade elementary school students, and the data was collected between the 7th year (2014) to the 10th year (2017) from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Study. The results of study were as follows. First, four school readiness groups were identified: the consistent low group, parent perceived high group, the teacher perceived high group, the consistent high group. Second, the consistent high group and the teacher perceived high group showed relatively better academic abilities and school adaption than the consistent low group. Furthermore, the consistent high group showed higher academic abilities, self-esteem, and happiness, but lower problematic behaviors than the consistent low group. The findings of this study could be utilized as preliminary data for understanding school readiness to promote successful school adaption and psychological well-being of children.

본 연구의 목적은 취학 전 유아의 학교준비도에 대한 부모와 교사의 중다 평정 결과에 기초한 최적의 잠재계층을 탐색하고, 탐색된 잠재계층에 따른 초등학교 1학년~3학년 시기의 학교적응, 학업수행능력, 문제행동, 자아존중감, 행복감 차이를 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 한국아동패널 7차년도(2014년)~10차년도(2017년) 자료의 1,154명을 분석 대상으로 했으며, 잠재프로파일분석, 다변량분산분석, 일원분산분석 방법을 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 취학 전 유아의 학교준비도에 대한 부모와 교사의 중다 평정 결과에 기초했을 때, 잠재계층은 '일치된 하 집단', '부모가 교사보다 더 높게 지각한 집단', '교사가 부모보다 더 높게 지각한 집단', '일치된 상 집단'으로 구분되는 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 초등학교 1~3학년 시기의 학교적응 차이 검증 결과, '일치된 상 집단'과 '교사가 부모보다 더 높게 지각한 집단'이 '일치된 하 집단'보다 대체로 학업수행적응, 또래적응, 교사적응 모두에서 더 높은 점수를 보였다. 셋째, 초등학교 1~3학년 시기의 학업 수행능력, 문제행동, 자아존중감, 행복감에 차이가 있는지 확인한 결과, '일치된 상 집단'이 '일치된 하 집단'보다 대체로 학업수행능력, 자아존중감, 행복감 수준은 높지만, 문제행동 수준은 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 취학 전 유아 시기의 부모와 교사의 중다 평정 결과를 활용하여 학교준비도 수준을 정확하게 이해하고, 이에 기초한 적절한 교육적 도움을 제공하는 것이 초등학교 저학년 시기의 학교생활적응 및 심리적 안녕감에 기여할 수 있음을 시사한다.

Keywords

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