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The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Importance of Selecting The characterized Housekeeping Genes as Reference Genes in Various Species

다양한 종에서 하우스키핑 유전자 선택의 중요성

  • Chai, Han-Ha (Animal of Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science and Collage of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Noh, Yun Jeong (Animal of Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Roh, Hee-Jong (Animal of Genetic Resources Station, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Lim, Dajeong (Animal of Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science)
  • 채한화 (국립축산과학원 동물유전체과, 전남대학교 약학대학) ;
  • 노윤정 (국립축산과학원 동물유전체과) ;
  • 노희종 (국립축산과학원 가축유전자원센터) ;
  • 임다정 (국립축산과학원 동물유전체과)
  • Received : 2020.06.01
  • Accepted : 2020.08.07
  • Published : 2020.08.31
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Abstract

Housekeeping genes are expressed in cells of all organisms and perform basic cellular functions such as energy generation, substance synthesis, cell death, and cell defense. Accordingly, the expression levels of housekeeping genes are relatively constant, and thus they are used as reference genes in gene expression studies, such as protein expression and mRNA expression analysis of target genes. However, the levels of expression of these genes may be different among various tissues or cells and may change under certain circumstances. Therefore, it is important to select the best reference gene for specific gene expression research by exploring the stability of housekeeping gene expression. This review summarizes housekeeping genes found in humans, chickens, pigs, and rats in the literature and estimates expression stability using geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper software. The most suitable reference housekeeping gene can selected based on expression stability according to the experimental conditions of the gene expression study and can thus be applied to data normalization.

하우스키핑 유전자는 에너지생성, 물질합성, 세포사멸 및 세포방어 등과 같은 세포의 기본적인 기능을 수행하기 때문에 모든 유기체의 세포에서 발현된다. 세포의 기본적인 기능을 유지하기 때문에 발현 수준이 상대적으로 일정하여 단백질 발현 및 목적 유전자의 mRNA 발현 분석 등과 같은 유전자 발현 연구에서 기준 유전자로 사용되고 있다. 그러나 이들 유전자의 발현 수준은 조직과 세포마다 다를 수 있으며, 특정 환경 하에서 변할 수 있다. 그러므로 하우스키핑 유전자의 발현 안정성을 탐색하여 유전자 발현 연구에서 최적의 기준 유전자를 선택하는 것이 중요하다. 이 리뷰는 문헌을 통해 인간, 닭, 돼지 그리고 쥐에서 발견된 하우스키핑 유전자를 요약하고, geNorm, NormFinder 그리고 BestKeeper 소프트웨어를 통해 발현 안정성을 추정하였다. 하우스키핑 유전자의 발현 안정성에 대한 탐색은 유전자 발현 연구에서 실험 조건에 따라 가장 적합한 기준 유전자를 선별할 수 있고, 데이터의 정규화를 위해 적용될 수 있다.

Keywords

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