DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The effect of intermittent feeding and cold water on performance and carcass traits of broilers reared under daily heat stress

  • Erensoy, Kadir (Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University) ;
  • Noubandiguim, Moise (Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Ondokuz Mayis University) ;
  • Sarica, Musa (Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University) ;
  • Aslan, Resul (Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University)
  • Received : 2019.12.10
  • Accepted : 2020.03.03
  • Published : 2020.12.01

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of intermittent feeding and cold water on performance and carcass traits in broiler chickens between 4 to 6 wk of age exposed to daily high temperature. Methods: Broilers were assigned to four treatment groups according to a 2×2 factorial design between 22 to 42 d of age (80 broilers per treatment, 4 replications). Broilers were divided into two main groups as feeding type (ad-libitum [AL] and intermittent [IF] for 6 h daily) and sub-groups as water temperature (normal [NW], 24.9℃ and cold [CW], 16.4℃). Heat treatment was applied between 11.00 to 17.00 h daily between 22 to 42 d of age. Results: Live weight at 6th wk was not affected by feeding type and water temperature, but the live weight was significantly higher in IF chickens at the 5th wk (p<0.05). Average weekly gain of IF broiler chickens were higher compared to AL group at 4, 5, and 6 wk of age (p< 0.05). Although feeding type did not affect feed intake in 4 and 5th wk, feed intake was higher in IF chickens at 6th wk (p<0.01). In addition, feeding type and water temperature did not affect feed conversion ratio and interactions were not significant (p>0.05). Water temperature had no significant effect on heart, liver, gizzard, and abdominal fat percentages (p>0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that IF increased the average weekly gain in chickens reared under daily heat stress for 6 h between 22 to 42 d of age. IF in hot environmental conditions slightly increased performance without adversely affecting health, welfare, and physiological traits, whereas CW implementation had no significant effect on performance. It can also be said that IF suppresses a sudden increase in body temperature depending on age and live weight.

Keywords

References

  1. Sahin K, Sahin N, Kucuk O, Hayirili A, Prasad AS. Role of dietary zinc in heat stressed poultry: a review. Poult Sci 2009; 88:2176-83. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00560
  2. Azoulay Y, Druyan S, Yadgary L, Hadad Y, Cahaner A. The viability and performance under hot conditions of featherless broilers versus fully feathered broilers. Poult Sci 2011;90:19-29. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2010-01044
  3. Hu JY, Hester PY, Makagon MM, Xiong Y, Gates RS, Cheng HW. Effect of cooled perches on performance, plumage condition, and foot health of caged White Leghorn hens exposed to cyclic heat. Poult Sci 2019;98:2705-18. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez039
  4. Hristov AK, Degaetano AT, Rotz CA, et al. Climate change effects on livestock in the Northeast US and strategies for adaptation. Clim Change 2018;146:33-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-017-2023-z
  5. Cahaner A, Deeb N, Gutman M. Effects of the plumage-reducing naked neck (Na) gene on the performance of fast-growing broilers at normal and high ambient temperatures. Poult Sci 1993;72:767-75. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0720767
  6. Park SO, Hwangbo J, Ryu CM, et al. Effects of extreme heat stress and continuous lighting on growth performance and blood lipid in broiler chickens. J Korean Appl Sci Technol 2013;30:78-87. https://doi.org/10.12925/jkocs.2013.30.1.078
  7. Daghir N. Nutrition and climatic stress. In: Proceedings of the XXth World Poultry Congress WPSA; 1996: New-Delhi, India. pp. 141-50.
  8. Sahraei M. Feed restriction in broiler chickens production: a review. Glob Vet 2012;8:449-58.
  9. Bruno L, Maiorka A, Macari M, Furlan RL, Givisiez P. Water intake behavior of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress and drinking from bell or and nipple drinkers. Braz J Poult Sci 2011;13:147-52. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-635X2011000200009
  10. Ozkan S, Akbas Y, Altan O, Altan A, Ayhan V, Ozkan K. The effect of short-term fasting on performance traits and rectal temperature of broilers during the summer season. Br Poult Sci 2003;44:88-95. https://doi.org/10.1080/0007166031000085292
  11. El-Sagheer M, Makled MN. Effect of duration of feed withdrawal versus ad libitum feeding during high environmental temperature on broiler chicken performance. Egypt Poult Sci J 2005;25:333-50.
  12. Abioja M, Osinowo O, Smith O, Eruvbetine D, Abiona J. Evaluation of cold water and vitamin C on broiler growth during hot-dry season in SW Nigeria. Arch Zootec 2011;60:1095-103. https://doi.org/10.4321/S0004-05922011000400025
  13. Jones F, Watkins S. How does taste influence water consumption in broilers. Avian Advice 2009;11:8-11.
  14. Fairchild B, Ritz C. Poultry drinking water primer. UGA Cooperative Extension Bulletin 1301. 2012.
  15. Tumova E, Chodova D, Hartlova H, Fucikova A, Ketta M. Effect of feeding regime on the performance and blood parameters of male and female broiler chickens. S Afr J Anim Sci 2019;49:244-52. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v49i2.5
  16. Yamak US, Sarica M, Boz MA. Comparing slow-growing chickens produced by two-and three-way crossings with commercial genotypes: 1. Growth and carcass traits. Eur Poult Sci 2014;78. https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2014.29
  17. Onder H. Nonparametric statistical methods used in biological experiments. BSJ Eng Sci 2018;1:1-6.
  18. Aliakbarpour HR, Chamani M, Rahimi G, Sadeghi AA, Qujeq D. Intermittent feeding programme and addition of Bacillus subtilis based probiotics to the diet of growing broiler chickens: Influence on growth, hepatic enzymes and serum lipid metabolites profile. Arch Anim Breed 2013;56:410-22. https://doi.org/10.7482/0003-9438-56-040
  19. Svihus B, Lund VB, Borjgen B, Bedford MR, Bakken M. Effect of intermittent feeding, structural components and phytase on performance and behaviour of broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2013;54:222-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2013.772952
  20. Lozano C, De Basilio V, Oliveros I, et al. Is sequential feeding a suitable technique to compensate for the negative effects of a tropical climate in finishing broilers? Anim Res 2006;55: 71-6. https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:2005047
  21. Farghly MFA, Abd El-Hack ME, Alagawany M, Saadeldin IM, Swelum AA. Wet feed and cold water as heat stress modulators in growing Muscovy ducklings. Poult Sci 2018;97:1588-94. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey006
  22. Mahmood S, Hassan S, Ahmed F, Ashraf M, Alam M, Muzaffar A. Influence of feed withdrawal for different durations on performance of broilers in summer. Int J Agric Biol 2005;7: 975-8.
  23. Butzen FM, Ribeiro AM, Vieira MM, Kessler AM, Dadalt JC, Della MP. Early feed restriction in broilers. I-Performance, body fraction weights, and meat quality. J Appl Poult Res 2013;22:251-9. https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2012-00639
  24. Farghly MFA, Mahrose KM, Galal AE, et al. Implementation of different feed withdrawal times and water temperatures in managing turkeys during heat stress. Poult Sci 2018;97:3076-84. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey173
  25. Rambau MD, Mudau ML, Makhanya SD, Benyi K. Effects of stocking density and daily feed withdrawal periods on the performance of broiler chickens in a semi-arid environment. Trop Anim Health Prod 2016;48:1547-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-016-1126-2
  26. Williams CL, Tabler GT, Watkins SE. Comparison of broiler flock daily water consumption and water-to-feed ratios for flocks grown in 1991, 2000-2001, and 2010-2011. J Appl Poult Res 2013;22:934-41. https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2013- 00767
  27. Puma MC, Xin H, Gates RS, Ahn DU. Effects of drinking water temperature on laying hens subjected to warm cyclic environmental conditions. In: Stowell RR, Bucklin R, Bottcher RW, editors. Livestock environment VI Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium; 2001 May 21-23: Louisville, Kentucky, USA. pp. 235-43.
  28. Hamidu JA, Kyeiwaa V, Bobie-Ansah D, Brown CA, Atuahene CC, Adomako K. Optimizing feed withdrawal in broiler effect of feed withdrawal timing on broiler carcass yield in tropics. Am Res J Agric 2015;1:7-15.
  29. De Silva PHGJ, Kalubowila A. Influence of feed withdrawal for three hour time period on growth performance and carcass parameters later stage of male broiler chickens. Iran J Appl Anim Sci 2012;2:191-7.
  30. Boostani A, Ashayerizadeh A, Mahmoodian FHR, Kamalzadeh A. Comparison of the effects of several feed restriction periods to control ascites on performance, carcass characteristics and hematological indices of broiler chickens. Braz J Poult Sci 2010;12:170-7. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-635X201000 0300006
  31. Farghly MFA. Changing lighting and feeding time to alleviate the deleterious effect of hot Assiut summer on performance of Japanese quail. Egypt J Anim Prod 2011;48:315-30. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejap.2011.101115
  32. Farghly MFA, Hassanien HHM. Effect of feed frequencies and durations on performance of broiler chicks. Egypt Poult Sci J 2012;32:273-88.

Cited by

  1. The effects of intermittent feeding and cold water on welfare status and meat quality in broiler chickens reared under daily heat stress vol.53, pp.6, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02998-4