Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Shaking table test of liquid storage tank with finite element analysis considering uplift effect

  • Zhou, Junwen (School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University) ;
  • Zhao, Ming (Department of Civil Engineering, Tongji University)
  • Received : 2020.01.24
  • Accepted : 2020.11.13
  • Published : 2021.02.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The seismic responses of elevated tanks considering liquid-structure interaction are presented under horizontal earthquake. The scaled model tank is fabricated to study the dynamic responses of anchored tank and newly designed uplift tank with replaced dampers. The natural frequencies for structural mode are obtained by modal analysis. The dynamic responses of tanks are completed by finite element method, which are compared with the results from experiment. The displacement parallel and perpendicular to the excitation direction are both gained as well as structural acceleration. The strain of tank walls and the axial strain of columns are also obtained afterwards. The seismic responses of liquid storage tank can be calculated by the finite element model effectively and the results match well with the one measured by experiment. The aim is to provide a new type of tank system with vertical constraint relaxed which leads to lower stress level. With the liquid volume increasing, the structural fundamental frequency has a great reduction and the one of uplift tank are even smaller. Compared with anchored tank, the displacement of uplift tank is magnified, the strain for tank walls and columns parallel to excitation direction reduces obviously, while the one perpendicular to earthquake direction increases a lot, but the values are still small. The stress level of new tank seems to be more even due to uplift effect. The new type of tank can realize recoverable function by replacing dampers after earthquake.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Funding: This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 51478363].

References

  1. Barton, D.C. and Parker, J.V. (1987), "Finite element analysis of the seismic response of anchored and unanchored liquid storage tanks", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dynam., 15(3), 299-322. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290150303
  2. Chen, J., Xian, Q. and Zhang, P. (2019), "Seismic response analysis and damping method of spherical liquid storage tank", IOP Conference Series, Materials Science and Engineering, 542, 12006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/542/1/012006.
  3. Cheng, X., Jing, W., Feng, H. (2019), "Nonlinear dynamic responses of sliding isolation concrete liquid storage tank with limiting-devices", KSCE J. Civil Eng., 23(7), 3005-3020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-019-1480-5.
  4. Colombo, J.I. and Almazan, J.L. (2019), "Simplified 3D model for the uplift analysis of liquid storage tanks", Eng. Struct., 196, 109278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109278.
  5. Curadelli, O., Ambrosini, D., Mirasso, A. and Amani, M. (2010), "Resonant frequencies in an elevated spherical container partially filled with water: FEM and measurement", J. Fluid Struct., 26(1), 148-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2009.10.002.
  6. Drosos, J.C., Tsinopoulos, S.V. and Karabalis, D.L. (2019), "Seismic retrofit of spherical liquid storage tanks with energy dissipative devices", Soil Dynam. Earthq. Eng., 119, 158-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.01.003.
  7. Gao, Y.P. and Zhao, M. (2013), "Shock absorption analysis of LNG spherical tank with damping configuration", Special Struct., 30(5), 57-64. (in Chinese).
  8. Gao, Y.P., Zhao, M. and Liu, L. (2013), "Research on the energy dissipation column of LNG spherical tank", Special Structures, 30(4), 18-22. (in Chinese)
  9. GB 50011 (2010), Code for seismic design of buildings, China Architecture and Building Press; Beijing, China.
  10. Ghaemmaghami, A.R. and Kianoush, M.R. (2010), "Effect of wall flexibility on dynamic response of concrete rectangular liquid storage tanks under horizontal and vertical ground motions", J. Struct. Eng., 136(4), 441-451. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000123.
  11. Haroun, M.A. (1983), "Vibration studies and tests of liquid storage tanks", Earthq. Eng. Struct., 11(2), 179-206. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290110204
  12. Haroun, M.A. and Housner, G.W. (1981), "Earthquake response of deformable liquid storage tanks", J. Appl. Mech., 48(2), 411-418. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3157631.
  13. Hernandez-Hernandez, D., Larkin, T., Chouw, N. and Banide, Y. (2020), "Experimental findings of the suppression of rotary sloshing on the dynamic response of a liquid storage tank", J. Fluids Struct., 96, 103007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2020.103007.
  14. Housner, G.W. (1957), "Dynamic pressures on accelerated fluid containers", Bullet. Seismol. Soc. Am., 47(1), 15-35. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0470010015
  15. Housner, G.W. (1963), "The dynamic behavior of water tanks", Bullet. Seismol. Soc. Am., 53(1), 381-387. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0530020381
  16. Jing, W. and Cheng, X. (2019), "Dynamic responses of sliding isolation concrete liquid storage tank under far-field long-period earthquake", J. Appl. Fluid Mech., 12(3), 907-919. https://doi.org/10.29252/jafm.12.03.29180.
  17. Jing, Wei, Chen, Peng and Song, Yu (2020), "Shock absorption of concrete liquid storage tank with different kinds of isolation measures", Earthq. Struct., 18(4), 467-480. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2020.18.4.467.
  18. Khansefid, A., Maghsoudi-Barmi, A. and Khaloo, A. (2019), "Seismic protection of LNG tanks with reliability based optimally designed combined rubber isolator and friction damper", Earthq. Struct., 16(5), 523-532. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.16.5.523.
  19. Kianoush, M.R. and Chen, J.Z. (2006), "Effect of vertical acceleration on response of concrete rectangular liquid storage tanks", Eng. Struct., 28(5), 704-715. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.09.022.
  20. Malhotra, P.K. (1997), "Seismic response of soil-supported unanchored liquid-storage tanks", J. Struct. Eng., 4(123), 440-450. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:4(440).
  21. Malhotra, P.K. and Veletsos, A.S. (1994), "Uplifting response of unanchored liquid-storage tanks", J. Struct. Eng., 12(120), 3525-3547. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:12(3525).
  22. Ormeno, M., Larkin, T. and Chouw, N. (2015), "The effect of seismic uplift on the shell stresses of liquid-storage tanks", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 44(12), 1979-1996. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2568.
  23. Pandit, A.R. and Biswal, K.C. (2019), "Seismic behavior of partially filled liquid tank with sloped walls", Ocean Eng., 187(1), 106197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2019.106197.
  24. Razzaghi, M.S. and Eshghi, S. (2015), "Probabilistic seismic safety evaluation of precode cylindrical oil tanks", J. Perform. Construct. Fac., 29(6), 04014170. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000669.
  25. Vathi, M. and Karamanos, S.A. (2015), "Simplified model for the seismic performance of unanchored liquid storage tanks", ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, Boston, July.
  26. Veletsos, A.S. (1974), "Seismic effects in flexible liquid storage tanks", Proceedings of 5th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 1, 630-639. Rome, June.
  27. Westergaard, H.M. (1933), "Water pressures on dams during earthquakes", Trans ASCE, 98(2), 418-432.
  28. Zhao, M. and Zhou, J.W. (2018), "Review of seismic studies of liquid storage tanks", Struct. Eng. Mech., 65(5), 557-572. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.65.5.557.