Phonetics and Speech Sciences (말소리와 음성과학)

Korean Society of Speech Sciences (한국음성학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Voice range profile in premutation, mutation, and postmutation of men

변성이전, 변성 및 변성이후 남성의 발성범위 프로파일

  • Kim, Jaeock (Major in Speech Pathology Education, Graduate School of Education, Kangnam University) ;
  • Lee, Seung Jin (Division of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Research Institute of Audiology and Speech Pathology, College of Natural Sciences, Hallym University)
  • 김재옥 (강남대학교 교육대학원 언어치료교육전공) ;
  • 이승진 (한림대학교 자연과학대학 언어청각학부 및 청각언어연구소)
  • Received : 2021.11.02
  • Accepted : 2021.12.10
  • Published : 2021.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study compared the voice range profiles (VRPs) with glissando and simplified VRP methods with 57 men who were in premutation (8-13 years), mutation (11-16 years), and postmutation (10-24 years) stages. The difference between modal and falsetto areas measured in two VRP methods was also compared. As the results, the average fundamental frequency (F0) was in the order of premuaton>mutation>postmutation. The maximum F0 (F0max), the range of F0 (F0range), the maximum intensity (Imax), and the range of intensity (Irange) were the lowest in the mutation stage, and these variables were higher in falsetto area than in modal area in both methods. In addition, most variables of VRP in glissando were higher than in simplified VRP, but the differences were not significant. This study showed that, in men in mutation stage, due to the temporary anatomical and physiological changes of the larynx, the mechanism of the vocal folds vibration changes and VRP shows a different pattern from that of other age groups. Both the VRPs of glissando and simplifed VRP are suitable for clinical practice by experienced examiners. And it is necessary to measure not only the falsetto area but also the modal area when measuring VRP.

본 연구는 변성 과정의 남성 음역대 특성을 살펴보기 위해 변성이전(21명), 변성(16명), 변성이후(20명) 단계에 있는 57명의 남성을 대상으로 활창과 축약된 발성범위 프로파일(voice range profile, VRP)을 사용하여 음역대를 비교하였다. 또한 측정방법별로 진성구와 가성구 VRP의 차이를 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 평균기본주파수(F0)는 변성이전>변성>변성이후 순이었고, 최고기본주파수(F0max), 기본주파수범위(F0range), 최대음성강도(Imax) 및 음성강도범위(Irange)는 변성 단계에서 가장 낮았으며, 가성구가 진성구에 비해 높았다. 또한 대부분의 변수에서 활창이 축약된 VRP에 비해 높았으나 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 본 연구를 통해 변성 단계에 있는 남성은 변성기의 일시적인 후두의 해부학적 및 생리학적 변화로 인해 성대 진동이 불안정하게 됨으로써 음역대 또한 다른 연령대와 다른 양상을 보임을 알 수 있었다. 이와 더불어 활창을 이용한 VRP와 축약된 VRP 모두 검사자가 숙련된 경우에 임상에서 모두 사용하기에 적합하며, VRP 측정 시 가성구 외에도 진성구 범위까지 측정해야 한다는 사실을 확인하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

자료수집을 위해 수고하신 강남대학교 교육대학원 언어치료교육전공 최규화, 신승아 선생님께 감사드립니다.

References

  1. Airainer, R., & Klingholz, F. (1991). Computerised phonetogram evaluation as a diagnostic aid in functional dysphonia. Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie, 70(7), 362-366. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-998054
  2. Berger, T., Fuchs, M., Dippold, S., Meuret, S., Zebralla, V., Yahiaoui-Doktor, M., Wirkner, K., ... Engel, C. (2020). Standardization and feasibility of voice range profile measurements in epidemiological studies. Journal of Voice. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.014
  3. Bohme, G., & Stuchlik, G. (1995). Voice profiles and standard voice profile of untrained children. Journal of Voice, 9(3), 304-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80238-3
  4. Choi, S. H., Nam, D. H., Kim, D. W., Kim, Y. H., & Choi, H. S. (2006). Characteristics of phonatory and respiratory control on pitch, loudness, register change in untrained and trained singers. Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics, 17(2), 115-126.
  5. Dagli, M., Sati, I. Acar, A., Stone Jr, R. E., Dursun, G., & Eryilmaz, A. (2008). Mutational falsetto: Intervention outcomes in 45 patients. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology, 122(3), 277-281. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022215107008791
  6. Fuchs, M., Froehlich, M., Hentschel, B., Stuermer, I. W., Kruse, E., & Knauft, D. (2007). Predicting mutational change in the speaking voice of boys. Journal of Voice, 21(2), 169-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2005.10.008
  7. Glaze, L. E., Bless, D. M., Milenkovic, P., & Susser, R. D. (1988). Acoustic characteristics of children's voice. Journal of Voice, 2(4), 312-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(88)80023-7
  8. Ha, H. R. (2006). School-age children's normative data of acoustic indices for voice evaluation of children with vocal nodule (Master's thesis). Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
  9. Hacki, T. (1996). Comparative speaking, shouting and singing voice range profile measurement: Physiological and pathological aspects. Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 21(3-4), 123-129. https://doi.org/10.3109/14015439609098879
  10. Hacki, T., & Heitmuller, S. (1999). Development of the child's voice: Premutation, mutation. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 49, S141-S144. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-5876(99)00150-0
  11. Heylen, L., Wuyts, F. L., Mertens, F., De Bodt, M., Pattyn, J., Croux, C., & Van de Heyning, P. H. (1998). Evaluation of the vocal performance of children using a voice range profile index. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 41(2), 232-238. https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4102.232
  12. Hirano, M. (1981). Clinical examination of voice. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
  13. Hirano, M. (1988). Vocal mechanisms in singing: Laryngological and phoniatric aspects. Journal of Voice, 2(1), 51-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(88)80058-4
  14. Hollien, H., Green, R., & Massey, K. (1994). Longitudinal research on adolescent voice change in males. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 96(5), 2646-2654. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.411275
  15. Hong, H. (2015). Comparison of vocal ranges by voice and music conditions between the elderly and early adults (Master's thesis). Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
  16. Hwang, H. J. (2018). Voice and speaking range profile in adolescent men during mutational period (Master's thesis). Kangnam University, Yongin, Korea.
  17. Jung, W. J., Choi, S. H., & Choi, C. H. (2019). Development and validation of a novel simplified voice range profile measurement method: Comparison of maximum vocal performance based on the VRP protocol. Communication Sciences & Disorders, 24(3), 770-784. https://doi.org/10.12963/csd.19653
  18. Kim, S., Pyo, H., & Gweon, S. (2014). Voice disorders: Theory and practice. Seoul, Korea: Pakhaksa.
  19. Kim, J., & Lee, S. J. (2019). Development and validation of speech range profile task. Phonetics and Speech Sciences, 11(3), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.13064/KSSS.2019.11.3.077
  20. Kim, S. (2007b). Acoustic characteristics on the adolescent period aged from 12 to 15 years (Master's thesis). Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
  21. Kim, S. H. (2007a). Fundamental frequencies of normal children's voice in mutational period. Speech Sciences, 14(4), 251-260.
  22. Ko, H. J., Kang, M. J., Kwon, H. J., Choi, Y., Lee, M. G., & Choi, H. S. (2013). Acoustic characteristics on the adolescent period aged from 16 to 18 years. Phonetics and Speech Sciences, 5(1), 81-90. https://doi.org/10.13064/KSSS.2013.5.1.081
  23. Lamesch, S., Doval, B., & Castellengo, M. (2008). Phonetograms of laryngeal source parameters for different vowels and laryngeal mechanisms. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 123(5), 3243. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2933497
  24. LeBorgne, W. D., & Weinrich, B. D. (2002). Phonetogram changes for trained singers over a nine-month period of vocal training. Journal of Voice, 16(1), 37-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(02)00070-X
  25. Lim, K. (2014). Voice acoustic characteristics of preschool children(Master's thesis). Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Korea.
  26. Ma, E., Robertson, J., Radford, C., Vagne, S., El-Halabi, R., & Yiu, E. (2007). Reliability of speaking and maximum voice range measures in screening for dysphonia. Journal of Voice, 21(4), 397-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.03.004
  27. Moon, K. A., & Han, J. Y. (2007, May). The features of voice range profile of school-age child. Proceedings of the KSPS Conference(pp. 52-54). Iksan, Korea.
  28. Nicollas, R., Garrel, R., Ouaknine, M., Giovanni, A., Nazarian, B., & Triglia, J. M. (2007). Normal voice in children between 6 and 12 years of age: Database and nonlinear analysis. Journal of Voice, 22(6), 671-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.01.009
  29. Pieper, L. H., Korner, M., Wiedemann, M., Ludwig, A., Werner, F., Meuret, S., & Fuchs, M. (2020). Analyzing longitudinal data on singing voice parameters of boys and girls aged 8 to 12.5 and possible effects of a music pedagogical intervention. Journal of Voice. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.07.012
  30. Pribuisiene, R., Uloza, V., & Kardisiene, V. (2011). Voice characteristics of children aged between 6 and 13 years: Impact of age, gender, and vocal training. Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 36(4), 150-155. https://doi.org/10.3109/14015439.2011.569756
  31. Schneider, B., Zumtobel, M., Prettenhofer, W., Aichstill, B., & Jocher, W. (2010). Normative voice range profiles in vocally trained and untrained children aged between 7 and 10 years. Journal of Voice, 24(2), 153-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.07.007
  32. Schutte, H. K., & Seidner, W. (1983). Recommendation by the Union of European Phoniatricians(UEP): Standardizing voice area measurement/phonetography. Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica, 35(6), 286-288. https://doi.org/10.1159/000265703
  33. Stathopoulos, E. T., & Sapienza, C. M. (1997). Developmental changes in laryngeal and respiratory function with variations in sound pressure level. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 40(3), 595-614. https://doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4003.595
  34. Wang, S. G., Back, M. J., Kim, S. G., Moon, Y. I., Roh, H. J., Goh, E. K., & Chon, K. M. (1996). The acoustic analysis of pubertal voice change. Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 39(12), 2022-2031.
  35. Wuyts, F. L., Heylen, L., Mertens, F., De Bodt, M., & Van de Heyning, P. H. (2002). Normative voice range profiles of untrained boys and girls. Journal of Voice, 16(4), 460-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(02)00120-0
  36. Wuyts, F. L., Heylen, L., Rooman, R., Mertens, F., Van de Heyning, P. H., Du Caju, M., & De Bodt, M. (2003). Effects of age, sex, and disorder on voice range profile characteristics of 230 children. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology, 112(6), 540-548. https://doi.org/10.1177/000348940311200611
  37. Yun, S. Y., & Kwon, D. H. (1998). Acoustic characteristics of normal children's voice of 5 to 11 years old. Journal of Speech & Hearing Disorders, 7(1), 67-78.