Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment (환경영향평가)

Korean Society of Environmental Impact Assessment (한국환경영향평가학회)
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Review of Environmental Impact Assessment Re-consulting System - A Comparative Analysis of Korea and Foreign Countries -

환경영향평가 변경협의 및 재협의 제도 고찰 - 국내외 제도 운용현황을 중심으로 -

  • Received : 2021.10.15
  • Accepted : 2021.10.21
  • Published : 2021.10.31
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Abstract

EIA consultation is a final decision-making process that enables a variety of stakeholders to participate in and to share important information about the expected environmental impacts caused by development projects. However, this process is often undermined through re-consultation processes by significant changes in the proposed plans. EIA re-consultation is a necessary process when an approved plan needs to be changed for a variety of importantreasons including the changes of land use, delay of construction, and surrounding environments. EIA re-consultation is also important to resolve conflicts among stakeholders and to respond flexibly to unexpected changes in surrounding environment. This study aims to analyze the operation status and the problems of current institutional systems of EIA re-consultation, and to draw implications by reviewing institutional systems of other countries such as U.S. EU, Scotland, and Japan. On the basis of the previous analysis, we propose recommendations to improve the existing EIA re-consultation process. We expect this study helps understand operation status and problems of EIA re-consultation, and provides meaningful implications to improve the existing institutional systems and practice of re-consultation.

환경영향평가 협의는 개발사업에 대한 주변의 입지 및 토지이용 현황, 사업유형 등을 고려한 현황조사와 영향예측 및 평가를 바탕으로 다양한 이해관계자가 참여하고 결과를 공유하는 최종적 의사결정 단계라고 볼 수 있다. 그러나, 사업계획에 대한 잦은 변경협의와 환경영향평가 협의 이후 이어지는 변경협의 등으로 인해 다양한 이해관계자들이 공유하고 장시간에 걸쳐 인적·물적 자원을 투입한 환경영향평가 과정 및 결과가 훼손되는 등 문제를 초래하고 있다. 변경협의 및 재협의는 기존에 협의가 완료된 개발사업에 대해 토지이용의 변화나 공사 지연, 주변환경의 변화 등 다양한 원인으로 인해 발생하는 계획의 중요한 변경이 이루어질 때 요구되는 프로세스이다. 이러한 변경협의 및 재협의는 주변 여건 변화에 따른 탄력적 대응과 지역주민과의 갈등 조정 측면에서 중요한 과정으로 평가되고 있다. 본 연구는 변경협의 및 재협의에 대한 요건과 국내 운영현황에 대한 고찰, 그리고 해외사례 분석을 통해 국내 변경협의 및 재협의에 대한 개선방안을 제안하고자 한다. 따라서 국내 법규분석을 바탕으로 변경협의 및 재협의 제도의 도입과 변천, 발전 과정을 고찰하였으며 미국과 유럽연합(EU), 스코틀랜드, 일본을 중심으로 변경협의 및 재협의 관련 제도와 지침 등의 운영 현황을 파악하여 우리나라와의 차이점 및 시사점을 도출하였다. 본 연구는 이같은 연구결과를 바탕으로 변경협의 및 재협의 제도의 개선을 위한 개선사항을 제시하였으며 이는 환경영향평가가 다양한 자연 및 사회환경적, 경제적 변화로 요구되는 변경협의 및 재협의를 효과적으로 운영하는데 기여할 수 있기를 기대한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 한국환경연구원의 2020년도 기본과제 「환경영향평가 협의 기능 개선방안 연구 - 환경영향평가 재협의/변경협의를 중심으로-(RE2020-13)」의 지원으로 수행되었습니다.

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