Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment (환경영향평가)

Korean Society of Environmental Impact Assessment (한국환경영향평가학회)
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Spatial Composition Affecting Bird Collision in Suwon-city, South Korea

수원시의 조류 충돌에 영향을 미치는 공간 구성

  • Kim, Suryeon (Department of Urban Planning & Design, College of Urban Sciences, University of Seoul) ;
  • Choi, Jaeyeon (Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Seoul) ;
  • Seo, Jayoo (Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Urban Sciences, University of Seoul) ;
  • Kim, Sukyoung (Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Seoul) ;
  • Baek, Jiwon (Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Seoul) ;
  • Song, Wonkyong (School of Environmental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Dankook University) ;
  • Park, Chan (Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Urban Sciences, University of Seoul)
  • 김수련 (서울시립대학교 도시과학대학 도시공학과) ;
  • 최재연 (서울시립대학교 일반대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 서자유 (서울시립대학교 도시과학대학 조경학과) ;
  • 김수경 (서울시립대학교 일반대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 백지원 (서울시립대학교 일반대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 송원경 (단국대학교 환경원예.조경학부) ;
  • 박찬 (서울시립대학교 도시과학대학 조경학과)
  • Received : 2022.06.13
  • Accepted : 2022.07.27
  • Published : 2022.08.31
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Abstract

Humans and wild birds coexist in cities, where habitat fragmentation due to urbanization threatens the habitat and movement of birds. In this study, in order to identify landscape features associated with wild bird collide, we characterized landscape composition within a 500 m radius and points of wild bird carcasses in Suwon-city, South Korea. Dead birds were identified as having a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of 0.3, Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) of -0.05, and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) of -0.16 at the points of collide. And there were NDVI of 0.34, NDBI of -0.01, NDWI of -0.18, building height of 13.8 m, and soundproof wall length of 227.3 m within a radius of 500 m. Land cover type was dominated by grassland, used area, and bare land. In particular, the edges of urbanized areas, where apartments bordered forests, reservoirs, and golf courses, were identified as high-risk spaces. In order to minimize bird mortality risk in urban environments, the impact of changes to a vertical landscape should be reviewed from an environmental impact assessment approach. In addition, a preventive management plan that considers the temporal and spatial features that wild animals can safely avoid and adapt to in urbanized spaces should be prepared.

도시에서 사람과 야생조류는 함께 살아가고 있으나, 도시화가 가져온 생태계 파편화로 조류의 서식과 이동에 위협 영향을 미친다. 본 연구에서는 수원시의 야생조류 사체 위치 데이터를 토대로 조류에게 취약한 공간, 위협요인을 확인하고자, 사체 확인 지점과 반경 500m 이내의 공간적 분포 특성을 살펴보았다. 연구결과, 사체 확인 지점은 NDVI 0.3, NDBI -0.05, NDWI -0.16의 특성을 보였다. 반경 500m 이내에는 NDVI 0.34, NDBI -0.01, NDWI -0.18, 건물 높이 13.8m, 방음벽 길이 227.3m로 확인되었다. 토지피복유형은 초지, 시가화건조지역, 나지가 높은 비율로 나타났다. 특히, 산림, 저수지 등과 인접한 아파트의 녹지, 골프장 등이 섞여있는 시가화지역의 가장자리가 위협적인 공간으로 도출되었다. 도시에서 조류와 함께 살아가기 위해서는 환경영향평가 단계에서부터 수직적 공간 변화에 따른 영향이 검토되어야 하며, 이에 앞서 도시의 수직 구조물에 대한 공간 자료 구축과 현실화가 필요하다. 또한, 자연에서 도시로 변화될 수밖에 없는 공간은 야생동물이 안전하게 회피, 적응할 수 있는 시공간적 측면이 고려된 사전예방적 관리방안이 함께 마련되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 결과물은 환경부의 재원으로 한국환경산업기술원의 도시생태 건강성 증진 기술개발사업의 지원을 받아 연구되었습니다(2019002760001). 야생조류 사체 확인 지점의 일부는 네이처링으로부터 제공받은 데이터를 활용하였습니다.

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