Light Efficiency Enhancement Technology of OLED: Fabrication of Random Nano External Light Extraction Composite Layer

OLED의 광 효율 향상 기술: 랜덤 나노 외부 광 추출 복합 층 제작

  • Choi, Geun Su (Dept. of Display and Semiconductor Engineering, Sunmoon University) ;
  • Jang, Eun Bi (Dept. of Display and Semiconductor Engineering, Sunmoon University) ;
  • Seo, Ga Eun (Dept. of Display and Semiconductor Engineering, Sunmoon University) ;
  • Park, Young Wook (Dept. of Display and Semiconductor Engineering, Sunmoon University)
  • 최근수 (선문대학교 디스플레이반도체공학과) ;
  • 장은비 (선문대학교 디스플레이반도체공학과) ;
  • 서가은 (선문대학교 디스플레이반도체공학과) ;
  • 박영욱 (선문대학교 디스플레이반도체공학과)
  • Received : 2022.08.24
  • Accepted : 2022.09.21
  • Published : 2022.09.30

Abstract

The light extraction technology for improving the light efficiency of OLEDs is the core technology for extracting the light inside the OLEDs to the outside. This study demonstrates a simple method to generate random nanostructures (RNSs) containing high refractive index nanoparticles to improve light extraction and viewing angle characteristics. A simple dry low-temperature process makes the nanostructured scattering layer on the polymer resin widely used in the industry. The scattering layer has the shape of randomly distributed nanorods. To control optical properties, we focused on changing the shape and density of RNSs and adjusting the concentration of high refractive index nanoparticles. As a result, the film of the present invention exhibits a perpendicular transmittance of 85% at a wavelength of 550 nm. This film was used as a scattering layer to reduce substrate mode loss and improve EL efficiency in OLEDs.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 2020년도 정부(과학기술정보통신부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원 (No. 2020R1C1C1013567)과 2022년도 교육부의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 지자체-대학 협력기반 지역혁신 사업(2021RIS-004, 2022H-01-02-09-002)으로 수행된 결과입니다. 또한 선문대학교 차세대반도체기술센터의 분석지원에 감사드립니다.

References

  1. Xiongwen Zhang "Thermal Analysis of a Cylindrical Lithi-um-ion Battery", Journal of Electrochemical Acta 56, pp.1246~1255, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.10.054
  2. Zhu, H., Shin, E. S., Liu, A., Ji, D., Xu, Y. and Noh, Y. Y., "Printable semiconductors for backplane TFTs of flexible OLED displays", Advanced Functional Materials, 30(20), 1904588, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201904588
  3. Tang, C. W., & VanSlyke, S. A., "Organic electroluminescent diodes", Applied physics letters, 51(12), 913-915, 1987 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98799
  4. Ikai, M., Tokito, S., Sakamoto, Y., Suzuki, T. and Taga, Y., "Highly efficient phosphorescence from organic light-emitting devices with an exciton-block layer", Applied Physics Letters, 79(2), 156-158, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1385182
  5. Huang, J. S., Pfeiffer, M. Werner, A., Blochwitz, J. and Leo, K., "Low-voltage organic electroluminescent devices using pin structures", Applied physics letters , 80, 139, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1432110
  6. He, G., Schneider, O., Qin, D., Zhou, X., Pfeiffer, M. and Leo, K., "Very high-efficiency and low voltage phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes based on a pin junction", Journal of Applied Physics, 95(10), 5773-5777, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1702143
  7. Afolayan, E. O., Dursun, I., Lang, C., Pakhomenko, E., Kondakova, M., Boroson, M. and Giebink, N. C., "Reducing Spontaneous Orientational Polarization via Semiconductor Dilution Improves OLED Efficiency and Lifetime", Physical Review Applied, 17(5), L051002, 2022 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.L051002
  8. Wang, Y., Yun, J. H., Wang, L. and Lee, J. Y., "High triplet energy hosts for blue organic light-emitting diodes", Advanced Functional Materials, 31(12), 2008332, 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202008332
  9. Sudheendran Swayamprabha, S., Dubey, D. K., Yadav, R. A. K., Nagar, M. R., Sharma, A., Tung, F. C. and Jou, J. H., "Approaches for long lifetime organic light emitting diodes", Advanced Science, 8(1), 2002254, 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202002254
  10. Park, C. H., Kang, S. W., Jung, S. G., Lee, D. J., Park, Y. W., & Ju, B. K., "Enhanced light extraction efficiency and viewing angle characteristics of microcavity OLEDs by using a diffusion layer", Scientific reports, 11(1), 1-10, 2021 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79139-8
  11. Saxena, K., Jain, V. K. and Mehta, D. S., "A review on the light extraction techniques in organic electroluminescent devices", Optical Materials, 32(1), 221-233, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2009.07.014
  12. Muccini, M. and Toffanin, S., "Organic light-emitting transistors: towards the next generation display technology", John Wiley & Sons, 2016.
  13. Salehi, A., Fu, X., Shin, D. H. and So, F., "Recent advances in OLED optical design. Advanced Functional Materials", 29(15), 1808803, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201808803
  14. Mann, V. and Rastogi, V., "Dielectric nanoparticles for the enhancement of OLED light extraction efficiency", Optics Communications, 387, 202-207, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2016.11.059
  15. Kim, J. B., Lee, J. H., Moon, C. K., Kim, S. Y. and Kim, J. J., "Highly enhanced light extraction from surface plasmonic loss minimized organic light-emitting diodes", Advanced Materials, 25(26), 3571-3577, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201205233
  16. Bae, E. J., Jang, E. B., Choi, G. S., Seo, G. E., Jang, S. M., & Park, Y. W., "Fabrication of Scattering Layer for Light Extraction Efficiency of OLEDs", Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology, 21(1), 95-102, 2022.
  17. Park, C. Y., & Choi, B. (2019). Enhanced light extraction from bottom emission oleds by high refractive index nanoparticle scattering layer. Nanomaterials, 9(9), 1241. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9091241
  18. Pyo, B., Joo, C. W., Kim, H. S., Kwon, B. H., Lee, J. I., Lee, J. and Suh, M. C., "A nanoporous polymer film as a diffuser as well as a light extraction component for top emitting organic light emitting diodes with a strong microcavity structure", Nanoscale, 8(16), 8575-8582, 2016 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6NR00868B
  19. Lee, K. M., Fardel, R., Zhao, L., Arnold, C. B. and Rand, B. P., "Enhanced outcoupling in flexible organic light-emitting diodes on scattering polyimide substrates", Org. Electron. 51, 471-476, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2017.09.042
  20. Go, H., Koh, T. W., Jung, H., Park, C. Y., Ha, T. W., Kim, E. M. and Yun, C., "Enhanced light-outcoupling in organic light-emitting diodes through a coated scattering layer based on porous polymer films", Organic Electronics, 47, 117-125, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2017.05.009
  21. Kwack, J. H., Choi, J., Park, C. H., Hwang, H., Park, Y. W. and Ju, B. K., "Simple method for fabricating scattering layer using random nanoscale rods for improving optical properties of organic light-emitting diodes", Scientific reports, 8(1), 1-8, 2018
  22. Bae, E. J., Kang, S. W., Choi, G. S., Jang, E. B., Baek, D. H., Ju, B. K. and Park, Y. W., "Enhanced Light Extraction from Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with MicroNano Hybrid Structure", Nanomaterials, 12(8), 1266, 2022 https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12081266
  23. Hwang, J. H., Lee, H. J., Shim, Y. S., Park, C. H., Jung, S. G., Kim, K. N. and Ju, B. K., "Enhanced light out-coupling efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes with an extremely low haze by plasma treated nanoscale corrugation", Nanoscale, 7(6), 2723-2728, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4NR06547F