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Transfer of Arsenic and Heavy Metals Existed as Acid Extractable and Reducible Formsfrom Flooded Soilsto Rice Plant

담수토양 내 비소 및 중금속의 존재형태(산추출형, 환원형)에 따른 식물체(벼) 전이특성

  • Received : 2022.06.14
  • Accepted : 2022.09.06
  • Published : 2022.10.31

Abstract

This study investigated the mobility of inorganic elements (As, Cd, Pb, and Zn) that existed as acid extractable and reducible forms in flooded soils with a pot experiment involving rice cultivation. In general, it is known that soil inorganic elements that existed as an acid extractable form which includes exchangeable, carbonates, non-specifically sorbed, and specifically sorbed have mobility. However, the result of the experiment revealed that each inorganic elements of rice roots grown from flooded soils had different characteristics. The concentrations of Arsenic existed as both forms and the concentrations of cadmium and lead existed as a reducible form in the soils showed a high causal relationship with the concentrations of those elements in the roots of rice plants. The concentrations of zinc, an essential plant element, didn't show a causal relationship. Therefore it is necessary to consider the soil's environmental characteristics such as drained/flooded condition, oxidation/reduction condition, etc. for the mobility assessment of inorganic elements. The concentrations of the reducible form of arsenic, cadmium, and lead in flooded environment such as a paddy field should be also considered because the mobility of these elements combined with Fe/Mn increases in the reduction condition.

본 연구에서는 논 토양이나 하천 퇴적토와 같이 환원조건의 담수 토양환경에서 식물체 전이특성을 가지는 토양 무기원소(As, Cd, Pb, Zn)의 존재형태를 벼 재배를 포함하는 포트실험을 통해 확인하였다. 일반적으로 산 추출형(교환가능형, 탄산염결합형, 특이적/비특이적 흡착형태)으로 존재하는 무기원소가 이동성을 갖는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 담수상태의 토양에서 성장한 벼 뿌리의 무기원소 농도는 원소별 다른 인과관계를 보였는데, 비소는 토양 내 산 추출형과 환원성 형태, 카드뮴과 납은 토양 내 환원성 형태의 농도와 높은 선형의 관계를 보였다. 식물체 생장의 필수원소인 아연은 존재형태별 토양농도와 식물체 전이농도간 인과관계를 나타내지 않았다. 그러므로 토양 무기원소의 이동성 평가 시 담수여부와 같은 부지특성(산화환원 환경)을 우선적으로 확인할 필요가 있을 것이다. 아울러, 철·망간에 결합된 비소, 카드뮴, 납의 경우 담수된 논 토양과 같은 환원환경에서 이동성이 증가할 수 있으므로, 환원형 형태의 농도 역시 추가적으로 검토할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 한국광해광업공단으로부터 기술개발사업비를 지원받아 수행된 것임.

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