Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea (대한건축학회논문집)

Architectural Institute of Korea (대한건축학회)
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The New Seoul Plan and Development of the Han River and Yeouido Under Kim Hyun-ok's Mayoralty, 1966-1970

김현옥 시정(1966-1970)의 '새서울' 구상과 한강 및 여의도 개발

  • Sung, Nayon (Dept. of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jeon, BongHee (Dept. of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Seoul National University)
  • 성나연 (서울대 공과대학 건축학과) ;
  • 전봉희 (서울대 공과대학 건축학과)
  • Received : 2022.10.26
  • Accepted : 2023.01.03
  • Published : 2023.01.30
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Abstract

This study aims to comprehend the significance of the New Seoul Plan and the Han River development under Kim Hyun-ok's mayoralty in the late 1960s. As a result of reconstructing the Han River development process in detail, focusing on the interaction between related parties, some notable meanings were found. The Han River development was the fruit of transferring the exploitation system of national land and resources in the Japanese colonial period into the American one. As the full flood control of the Han River became possible through technical aid from America, the Seoul Metropolitan Government(SMG) began to dream of changing its riverside into an urban space. With the fast development of New Seoul, the development authority of the Han River was transferred from the ROK's Ministry of Construction to the SMG, and then the Han River began to be 'Seoulized'. As president Park Chung-hee and the administrative officers of the SMG imagined Seoul's new figure modeled after American cities, the areas around the Han River were reinterpreted as the proper environment to develop a modern riverside city such as Manhattan, New York. The planners proposed the new city center around the Han River in order to overturn the old Seoul's mono-centric structures, and tried to realize their ideal linear city model between Seoul and Incheon. Their challenge failed, however, because the Kyoung-In axis developed from the Japanese colonial period began to decline and the previous geographic cognition on the center and periphery was so strong. The fundamental change the Han River development brought was the emergence of the new city axis along the Han River. It was handled as a minor part of the river development plan, but fully implemented because of its compatibility with reality. That axis became the most important component of new Seoul's space structure. Finally, the Han River development was an attempt to transfer the defense space during wartime to the living space during peacetime, though the special status of the Han River as a militarily strategic location left its traces in the new city.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

서울대학교 공학연구원과 건설환경연구소의 지원에 감사드립니다.

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