Animal Bioscience

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Antifungal and carboxylesterase-producing bacteria applied into corn silage still affected the fermented total mixed ration

  • Dimas Hand Vidya Paradhipta (Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada) ;
  • Myeong Ji Seo (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Four, Insti. of Agri. & Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Seung Min Jeong (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Four, Insti. of Agri. & Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Young Ho Joo (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Four, Insti. of Agri. & Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Seong Shin Lee (Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Pil Nam Seong (Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Hyuk Jun Lee (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Four, Insti. of Agri. & Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Sam Churl Kim (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Four, Insti. of Agri. & Life Sci.), Gyeongsang National University)
  • Received : 2022.06.13
  • Accepted : 2022.09.25
  • Published : 2023.05.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective: This study investigated the effects of corn silage as a source of microbial inoculant containing antifungal and carboxylesterase-producing bacteria on fermentation, aerobic stability, and nutrient digestibility of fermented total mixed ration (FTMR) with different energy levels. Methods: Corn silage was used as a bacterial source by ensiling for 72 d with an inoculant mixture of Lactobacillus brevis 5M2 and L. buchneri 6M1 at a 1:1 ratio. The corn silage without or with inoculant (CON vs MIX) was mixed with the other ingredients to formulate for low and high energy diets (LOW vs HIGH) for Hanwoo steers. All diets were ensiled into 20 L mini silo (5 kg) for 40 d in quadruplicate. Results: The MIX diets had lower (p<0.05) acid detergent fiber with higher (p<0.05) in vitro digestibilities of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber compared to the CON diets. In terms of fermentation characteristics, the MIX diets had higher (p<0.05) acetate than the CON diets. The MIX diets had extended (p<0.05) lactic acid bacteria growth at 4 to 7 d of aerobic exposure and showed lower (p<0.05) yeast growth at 7 d of aerobic exposure than the CON diets. In terms of rumen fermentation, the MIX diets had higher (p<0.05) total fermentable fraction and total volatile fatty acid, with lower (p<0.05) pH than those of CON diets. The interaction (p = 0.036) between inoculant and diet level was only found in the immediately fermentable fraction, which inoculant was only effective on LOW diets. Conclusion: Application of corn silage with inoculant on FTMR presented an antifungal effect by inhibiting yeast at aerobic exposure and a carboxylesterase effect by improving nutrient digestibility. It also indicated that fermented feedstuffs could be used as microbial source for FTMR. Generally, the interaction between inoculant and diet level had less effect on this FTMR study.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported (Project No. 321083-05-1-HD040) by IPET (Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), and Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Republic of Korea.

References

  1. Bueno AVI, Lazzari G, Jobim CC, Daniel JLP. Ensiling total mixed ration for ruminants: a review. Agronomy 2020;10:879. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060879
  2. Nishino N, Wada H, Yoshida M, Shiota H. Microbial Counts, Fermentation Products, and Aerobic Stability of Whole Crop Corn and a Total Mixed Ration Ensiled With and Without Inoculation of Lactobacillus casei or Lactobacillus buchneri. J Dairy Sci 2004;87:2563-70. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73381-0
  3. Yuan X, Guo G, Wen A, et al. The effect of different additives on the fermentation quality, in vitro digestibility and aerobic stability of a total mixed ration silage. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015;207:41-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.06.001
  4. Li Y, Wang F, Nishino N. Lactic acid bacteria in total mixed ration silage containing soybean curd residue: their isolation, identification and ability to inhibit aerobic deterioration. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2016;29:516-22. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.15.0267
  5. Nkosi BD, Meeske R. Effects of ensiling totally mixed potato hash ration with or without a heterofermentative bacterial inoculant on silage fermentation, aerobic stability, growth performance and digestibility in lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2010;161:38-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.07.015
  6. Seppala A, Heikkila T, Maki M, Miettinen H, Rinner M. Controlling aerobic stability of grass silage-based total mixed rations. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2013;179:54-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.11.011
  7. Adesogan AT, Ma ZX, Romero JJ, Arriola KG. Ruminant Nutrition Symposium: Improving cell wall digestion and animal performance with fibrolytic enzymes. J Anim Sci 2014;92:1317-30. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2013-7273
  8. Ribeiro GO, Gruinger RJ, Badhan A, McAllister TA. Mining the rumen for fibrolytic feed enzymes. Anim Front 2016;6:20-6. https://doi.org/10.2527/af.2016-0019
  9. Scudamore KA, Livesey CT. Occurrence and significance of mycotoxins in forage crops and silage: a review. J Sci Food Agric 1998;77:1-17. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199805)77:1<1::AID-JSFA9>3.0.CO;2-4
  10. Arasu MV, Jung MW, Ilavenil S, et al. Isolation and characterization of antifungal compound from Lactobacillus plantarum KCC-10 from forage silage with potential beneficial properties. J Appl Microbiol 2013;115:1172-85. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.12319
  11. Paradhipta DHV, Lee SS, Kang B, et al. Dual-purpose inoculants and their effects on corn silage. Microorganisms 2020;8:765. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8050765
  12. Paradhipta DHVP, Joo YH, Lee HJ, et al. Effects of wild or mutated inoculants on rye silage and its rumen fermentation indices. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2020;33:949-56. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0308
  13. Lee SS, Paradhipta DHV, Lee HJ, et al. Application of lactic acid bacteria producing antifungal substance and carboxylesterase on whole crop rice silage with different dry matter. Anim Biosci 2021;34:1029-37. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.20.0545
  14. Paradhipta DHV, Joo Yh, Lee HJ, et al. Effects of inoculants producing antifungal and carboxylesterase activities on corn silage and its shelf life against mold contamination at feed-out phase. Microorganisms 2021;9:558. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030558
  15. Rural Development Administration, National Institute of Animal Science. Korean Feeding Standard for Hanwoo. 3rd ed. Wanju, Korea: National Institute of Animal Science Press; 2007.
  16. Lee SS, Lee HJ, Paradhipta DHV, et al. Temperature and microbial changes of corn silage during aerobic exposure. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2019;32:988-95. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.18.0566
  17. Paradhipta DHV, Joo YH, Lee HJ, et al. Effects of inoculant application on fermentation quality and rumen digestibility of high moisture sorghum-sudangrass silage. J Appl Anim Res 2019;47:486-91. https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2019.1670667
  18. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official methods of analysis. 18th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC, USA: AOAC International; 2005.
  19. Tilley JMA, Terry RA. A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. J Br Grassl Soc 1963;18:104-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j/1365-2494.1963.tb00335.x
  20. Chaney AL, Marbach EP. Modified reagents for determination of urea and ammonia. Clin Chem 1962;8:130-2. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/8.2.130
  21. Muck RE, Dickerson JT. Storage temperature effects on proteolysis in alfalfa silage. Trans ASASE 1988;31:1005-9. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.30813
  22. Adesogan AT, Krueger NK, Kim SC. A novel, wireless, automated system for measuring fermentation gas production kinetics of feeds and its application to feed characterization. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2005;123-4:211-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.04.058
  23. SAS Institute Inc. SAS/STAT user's guide: Version 9. Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute Inc.; 2002.
  24. McDonald I. A revised model for the estimation of protein degradability in the rumen. J Agric Sci 1981;96:251-52. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600032081
  25. McDonald P, Henderson AR, Heron SJE. The biochemistry of silage, 2nd ed. Bucks, UK: Chalcombe Publ; 1991.
  26. Kung Jr L, Shaver RD, Grant RJ, Schmidt RJ. Silage review: Interpretation of chemical, microbial, and organoleptic components of silages. J Dairy Sci 2018;101:4020-33. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13909
  27. Nishino N, Harada H, Sakaguchi E. Evaluation of fermentation and aerobic stability of wet brewers' grains ensiled alone or in combination with various feeds as a total mixed ration. J Sci Food Agric 2003;83:557-63. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1395
  28. Danner H, Holzer M, Mayrhuber E, Braun R. Acetic acid increases stability of silage under aerobic conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 2003;69:562-7. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.1.562-567.2003
  29. Hao W, Wang HL, Ning TT, Yang FY, Xu CC. Aerobic stability and effects of yeasts during deterioration of non-fermented and fermented total mixed ration with different moisture levels. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015;28:816-26. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.14.0837
  30. Hobson PN, Stewart CS. The rumen microbial ecosystem, 2nd ed., London, UK: Blackie Academic and Professional; 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1453-7