Steel and Composite Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Experimental investigations on resilient beam-column end-plate connection with structural fuse

  • Received : 2023.01.01
  • Accepted : 2023.03.28
  • Published : 2023.05.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The steel structure is an assembly of individual structural members joined together by connections. The connections are the focal point to transfer the forces which is susceptible to damage easily. It is challenging to replace the affected connection parts after an earthquake. Hence, steel plates are utilised as a structural fuse that absorbs connection forces and fails first. The objective of the present research is to develop a beam-column end plate connection with single and dual fuse and study the effect of single fuse, dual fuse and combined action of fuse and damper. In this research, seismic resilient beam-column end plate connection is developed in the form of structural fuse. The novel connection consists of one main fuse was placed horizontally and secondary fuse was placed vertically over main fuse. The specimens are fabricated with the variation in number of fuse (single and dual) and position of fuse (beam flange top and bottom). From the fabricated ten specimens five specimens were loaded monotonically and five cyclically. The experimental results are compared with Finite Element Analysis results of Arunkumar and Umamaheswari (2022). The results are critically assessed in the aspect of moment-rotation behaviour, strain in connection components, connection stiffness, energy dissipation characteristics and ductility. While comparing the performance of total five specimens, the connection with fuse exhibited superior performance than the conventional connection. An equation is proposed for the moment of resistance of end-plate connection without and with structural fuse.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, for the facilities and support provided for the experimental work.

References

  1. Astaneh, A., Nader, N. and Malik, L. (1989), "Cyclic behavior of double angle connection", J. Struct. Eng., 115(5), 1101-1118. http://10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1989)115:5(1101)
  2. Adany, S., Calado, L. and Dunai, L. (2001), "Experimental study on the cyclic behaviour of bolted end-plate joints", Steel Compos.Struct.,1(1),33-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2001.1.1.033
  3. Andrzej S. Nowak and Kevin R. Collins (2000), Reliability of Structures, McGraw-Hill Higher Education, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
  4. Arunkumar, C. and Umamaheswari, N. (2022), "Numerical study on the behaviour of resilient beam-column end plate connection with dual fuse", Innov. Infrastruct. Soln., 7, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-022-00807-x
  5. Arul Jayachandran, S., Marimuthu, V., Prabha, P., Seetharaman, S. and Pandian, N. (2009), "Investigation on the behavior of semi-rigid end plate connections", Adv. Steel Constr., 5(4), 432-451.
  6. ASTM A370 (2011), Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products, American Society of Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, USA.
  7. Banisheikholeslami, A., Behnamfar, F. and Ghandil, M. (2016), "A beam-to-column connection with visco-elastic and hysteretic dampers for seismic damage control", J. Constr. Steel Res., 117, 185-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.10.016.
  8. Bose, B., Youngson, G.K. and Wang, M. (1996), "An appraisal of the design rules in Eurocode 3 for bolted end plate joints by comparison with experimental results", Proceedings of The Institution of Civil Engineers Structures and Buildings, 116(2), 221-234. https://doi.org/10.1680/istbu.1996.28289.
  9. Castiglioni, C.A., Kanyilmaz, A. and Calado, L. (2012), "Experimental analysis of seismic resistant composite steel frames with dissipative devices", J. Constr. Steel Res., 76, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.03.027.
  10. Coelho, A.M.G. and Bijlaard, F.S.K (2007), "Experimental behaviour of high strength steel end-plate connections", J. Constr. Steel Res., 63(9), 1228-1240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2006.11.010.
  11. Durairaj, G., Arunkumar, C. and Umamaheswari, N. (2019), "Low cyclic fatigue behavior of extended end plate connection", IOP Conf. Series: Mat. Sci. and Eng., 561, 012099. https://doi10.1088/1757-899X/561/1/012099.
  12. Ellingwood, B., Galambos, T.V., MacGregor, J.G. and Cornell, C.A. (1980), Development of a Probability-Based Load Criterion for American National Standard A58, National Bureau of Standards Special Publication, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.
  13. Fathizadeh, S.F., Dehghani ,S., Yang, T.Y., Vosoughi, A.R., Noroozinejad Farsangi, E. and Hajirasouliha, I. (2021), "Seismic performance assessment of multi-story steel frames with curved dampers and semi-rigid connections", J. Constr. Steel Res., 182, 106666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106666.
  14. Fang, C., Yam, M.C., Lam, A.C. and Xie, L. (2014), "Cyclic Performance of Extended End-Plate Connections Equipped with Shape Memory Alloy Bolts", J. Constr. Steel Res., 94, 122-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.11.008.
  15. FEMA 350 (2000), Recommended Seismic Design Criteria for New Steel Moment-Frame Building, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington DC, USA.
  16. Ghobarah, A., Korol, R.M. and Osman, A. (1992), "Cyclic behaviour of extended end plate Joints", J. Struct. Eng., 118(5), 1333-1353. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:5(1333).
  17. Gusella, F., Lavacchini, G. and Orlando, M. (2018), "Monotonic and Cyclic Tests on Beam-Column Joints of Industrial Pallet Racks", J. Constr. Steel Res., 140, 92-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.10.021.
  18. Gusella, F. and Orlando, M. (2021), "Analysis of the dissipative behavior of steel beams for braces in three-point bending", Eng. Struct.,244,112717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112717.
  19. Hadianfard, M.A. and Razani, R. (2003), "Effects of semi-rigid behavior of connections in the reliability of steel frames", Struct. Safety, 25, 123-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4730(02)00046-2.
  20. Hsu, H.L. and Halim, H. (2017), "Improving seismic performance of framed structures with steel curved dampers", Eng. Struct., 130, 99-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.09.063
  21. Irvani, M., Ezati, H., Khafajeh, R. and Jaari, V.R.K. (2022), "Numerically study on the seismic response of partially restrained moment connection with structural fuse T-stub for European sections", Structures, 35, 82-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.10.078.
  22. IS 808 (1989), Dimensions for Hot Rolled Steel Beam Column Channel and Angle Sections, Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi, India.
  23. Kazemi, F. and Jankowski, R. (2023), "Enhancing seismic performance of rigid and semi-rigid connections equipped with SMA bolts incorporating nonlinear soil-structure interaction", Eng. Struct., 274, 114896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114896.
  24. Lachal, A., Aribert, J.M. and Loho, G. (2005), "Static design and cyclic behavior of end plate steel and composite joints strengthened by haunches", Adv. Steel Struct., 2, 1353-1358. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008044637-0/50201-8.
  25. Lee, C.H., Lho, S.H., Kim, D.H., Oh, J. and Ju, Y.K. (2016), "Hourglass-shaped strip damper subjected to monotonic and cyclic loadings", Eng. Struct., 119, 122-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.04.019.
  26. Lin, X., Chen, Y., Yan, J.B. and Hu, Y. (2020), "Seismic behavior of welded beam-to-column joints of high-strength steel-moment frame with replaceable damage-control fuses", J. Struct. Eng., 146(8), 04020143-1-14. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002691.
  27. Maggi, Y.I., Goncalves, R.M. and Leon, R.T. (2005), "Parametric analysis of steel bolted end plate connections using finite element modelling", J. Constr. Steel Res., 61(5), 689-708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2004.12.001.
  28. Martina, P. and Lignos, D.G. (2022), "Seismic design and performance of steel concentrically braced frame buildings with dissipative floor connectors", Earthq. Engng. Struct. Dyn., 51, 3505-3525. http://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3733.
  29. Movaghatia, S. and Abdelnaby, A.E. (2019), "Experimental study on the nonlinear behavior of bearing-type semi-rigid connections", Eng. Struct., 199,109609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109609.
  30. Ng, Y.H., Shanmugam, N.E., Yu, C.H. and Richard Liew, J.Y. (1996), "Experimental investigation of the behaviour of end plate connections", Proceedings of International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures, Hong Kong, China, December.
  31. Oh, S.H., Kim, Y.J. and Ryu, H.S. (2009), "Seismic performance of steel structures with slit dampers", Eng. Struct., 31(9), 1997-2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.03.003.
  32. Richards, P.W and Oh, S.S. (2019), "Cyclic behavior of replaceable shear fuse connections for steel moment frames", J. Struct. Eng., 145(12), 04019156-1-9. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002412,
  33. Rigi, A., JavidSharifi, B., Hadianfard, M.A. and Yang, T.Y. (2021), "Study of the seismic behavior of rigid and semi-rigid steel moment-resisting frames", J. Constr. Steel Res., 186, 106910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106910.
  34. Saffari, H., Hedayat, A.A. and Poorsadeghi Nejad, M. (2013), "Post-Northridge connections with slit dampers to enhance strength and ductility", J. Constr. Steel Res., 80, 138-152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.09.023
  35. Saravanan, M., Goswami, R. and Palani, G.S. (2021), "Energy dissipative beam-column connection for earthquake resistant moment frames", J. Constr. Steel Res., 176, 106428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106428..
  36. Sahoo, D.R., Singhal, T., Taraithia, S.S. and Saini, A. (2015), "Cyclic behavior of shear-and-flexural yielding metallic dampers", J. Constr. Steel Res., 114, 247-257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.08.006.
  37. Selvaraj, S. and Madhavan, M.(2018), "Studies on cold formed steel stud panels with gypsum sheathing subjected to out-of-plane bending", J. Struct. Eng., 144(9), 04018136. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002069.
  38. Selvaraj, S. and Madhavan, M. (2018), "Geometric imperfection measurements and validations on cold formed steel channels using 3D non-contact laser scanner", J. Struct. Eng., 144(3), 04018010. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001993.
  39. Shi, G., Shi, Y.J. and Wang, Y.Q. (2007), "Behaviour of end-plate moment connections under earthquake loading", Eng. Struct., 29(5), 703-716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.06.016.
  40. Shen, Y., Christopoulos, C., Mansour, N. and Tremblay, R. (2011), "Seismic design and performance of steel moment-resisting frames with nonlinear replaceable links", J. Struct. Eng., 137(10), 1107-1117. https://doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000359.
  41. Shah, A.S.M. and Moradi, S. (2020), "Cyclic response sensitivity of energy dissipating steel plate fuses", Structures, 23, 799-811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2019.12.026.
  42. Sofias, C.E., Kalfas, C.N. and Pachoumis, D.T. (2014), "Experimental and FEM analysis of reduced beam section moment end plate connections under cyclic loading", Eng. Struct.,59,320-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.11.010.
  43. Tahir, M. And Hussein, A. (2008), "Experimental tests on extended end-plate connections with variable parameters", Steel Structures, 8, 369-381.
  44. Valente, M., Castiglioni, C.A. and Kanyilmaz, A. (2017), "Numerical investigations of repairable dissipative bolted fuses for earthquake resistant composite steel frames", Eng. Struct., 131, 275-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.11.004.
  45. Verki, A.M. and Preciado, A. (2021), "Experimental and analytical investigations of enhanced semi-rigid connections with dual pipe dampers", Structures, 33, 3765-3778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.06.106.
  46. Wang, J.Y., Wong, Y. L. and Chan, S.L.(1996), "Experimental Study of Semi-Rigid Composite End Plate Connections under Cyclic Loading", Advances in Steel Structures, Proceeding of International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures, Hong Kong, China, December.
  47. Xiong, Q., Wu, W., Zhang, W., Chen, Z., Liu, H. and Su, T. (2021), "Study on the progressive collapse resistance of CP-FBSP connections in L-CFST frame structure", Steel. Compos. Struct., 44(3), 437-450. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2022.44.3.437.
  48. Yan, J.B., Chen, Y. and Lin, X. (2020), "Finite element analysis and parametric studies on hysteretic behaviours of high strength steel T-joints with damage-control fuses", Thin-Walled Struct., 148, 106574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.106574.