Applied Chemistry for Engineering (공업화학)

The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (한국공업화학회)
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Electrochemical Ion Separation Technology for Carbon Neutrality

탄소중립을 지향하는 전기화학적 이온 분리(EIONS) 기술

  • Hwajoo Joo (School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jaewuk Ahn (School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University) ;
  • Sung-il Jeon (School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jeyong Yoon (School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University)
  • 주화주 (서울대학교 화학생물공학부 화학공정신기술연구소) ;
  • 안재욱 (서울대학교 화학생물공학부 화학공정신기술연구소) ;
  • 전성일 (서울대학교 화학생물공학부 화학공정신기술연구소) ;
  • 윤제용 (서울대학교 화학생물공학부 화학공정신기술연구소)
  • Received : 2023.03.20
  • Accepted : 2023.05.10
  • Published : 2023.08.10
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Abstract

Recently, green processes that can be directly used in an energy-efficient and electrified society to achieve carbon neutrality are attracting attention. Existing heat and pressure-based desalination technologies that consume tremendous amounts of energy are no exception, and the growth of next-generation electrochemical-based desalination technologies is remarkable. One of the most representative electrochemical desalination technologies is electrochemical ion separation (EIONS) technology, which includes capacitive desalination (CDI) and battery desalination (BD) technology. In the research field of EIONS, various system applications have been developed to improve system performance, such as capacity and cyclability. However, it is very difficult to understand the meaning and novelty of these applications immediately because there are only a few papers that summarize the research background for domestic readers. Therefore, in this review paper, we aim to describe the technological advances and individual characteristics of each system in clear and specific detail about the latest EIONS research. The driving principle, research background, and strengths and weaknesses of each EIONS system are explained in order. In addition, this paper concluded by suggesting the future development and research direction of EIONS. Researchers who are just beginning out in EIONS research can also benefit from this study because it will help them understand the research trend.

탄소중립 달성을 위해 에너지 효율적이고 전기화된 사회에 직접 이용될 수 있는 친환경 공정이 주목받고 있다. 다량의 에너지를 소모하는 기존의 열 및 압력 기반의 담수화 기술에서도 이는 예외가 아니기에, 최근 차세대 전기화학 기반 담수화 기술들의 성장이 두드러진다. 대표적으로 에너지 저장 장치의 구동 원리를 기반으로 하는 전기화학적 이온 분리(electrochemical ion separation, EIONS) 기술이 있으며, 여기에는 축전식 탈염(CDI) 기술과 배터리 담수화 시스템(BD)가 포함된다. EIONS 기술에는 시스템 성능 향상을 위해 CDI와 BD를 기본으로 한 다양한 응용 시스템들이 개발되어 왔는데, 이러한 결과물들의 의미와 독창성을 배경지식 없이 한눈에 파악하기 매우 어렵다. 따라서 우리는 이 리뷰 논문에서 EIONS 연구에서의 지난 몇 년간의 기술적 진보와 시스템 개별 특성을 각 시스템의 구동원리, 연구 배경, 장단점을 중심으로 명확하고 구체적으로 설명하고자 한다. 아울러, EIONS의 미래 발전과 연구 방향을 설명하며 리뷰 논문을 마무리하겠다. 이 논문을 통해 EIONS 연구를 막 시작하는 연구자들이 EIONS의 연구 동향을 보다 쉽게 파악할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (10082572, Development of Low Energy Desalination Water Treatment Engineering Package System for Industrial Recycle Water Production) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy(MOTIE, Korea) and the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT) (No. NRF-2018R1A5A1024127).

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