Science of Emotion and Sensibility (감성과학)

Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility (한국감성과학회)
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Does Social Exclusion Increase Materialism? The Moderated Mediation Model of the Need to Belong, the Need for Control, and a Sense of Power

사회적 배제는 물질주의를 증가시키는가? 소속과 통제의 욕구 및 권력감의 조절된 매개 효과

  • 정효림 (덕성여자대학교 심리학과) ;
  • 권혜빈 (덕성여자대학교 심리학과 ) ;
  • 박지영 (덕성여자대학교 심리학과 )
  • Received : 2023.03.14
  • Accepted : 2023.06.13
  • Published : 2023.09.30
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Abstract

Materialism can be triggered by various social events. Based on theories on functions of materialistic goal pursuit, this study investigates how social exclusion evokes desires related to one's identity, resulting in an increase in materialism. Specifically, we predicted that social exclusion would increase the desire for control and belonging, thus leading to higher levels of materialism. Moreover, based on the theory of the approach tendency of power, we further predicted that individuals with a higher sense of power would experience greater desires for belonging and control when faced with social exclusion. To examine the hypotheses, we conducted an experiment using 202 Korean women. The results indicated that social exclusion resulted in an increase in the desire for control, thus increasing materialism. This relationship is stronger for individuals with a high sense of power, and the path from social exclusion to materialism based on the need for control is significant for those with a high sense of power. Although social exclusion increases the need to belonging, the relationship between the need to belonging and materialism is not significant, and its mediating effect was not supported in this study. Based on these findings, we discussed implications and directions for future research.

물질주의는 다양한 사회적 사건에 의해서 촉발될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 물질주의를 정체성과 관련된 목표 달성이라고 개념화하는 이론을 기반으로 사회적 배제가 자기 정체성과 관련된 욕구를 불러일으키며 이는 물질주의 수준의 상승으로 이어질 것이라고 가정하였다. 구체적으로, 사회적 배제가 소속의 욕구와 통제의 욕구를 상승시켜 물질주의를 상승시킬 것이라고 예상하였다. 또, 권력감의 접근 경향성을 기반으로 권력감이 높은 사람은 낮은 사람에 비해서 사회적 배제를 경험할 때 소속의 욕구와 통제의 욕구가 더 커질 것으로 예상하였다. 20~30대 한국 여성 202명을 대상으로 실험 연구를 진행한 결과, 사회적 배제는 통제 욕구의 상승을 통해서 물질주의를 상승시켰다. 또, 권력감이 높은 사람의 경우, 권력감이 낮은 사람들보다 사회적 배제가 통제 욕구에 미치는 영향이 더 강해졌으며, 사회적 배제가 통제 욕구를 통해 물질주의로 이어지는 경로는 권력이 높은 사람들에게만 유의했다. 사회적 배제는 소속의 욕구를 상승시켰으나 소속의 욕구와 물질주의의 관계는 유의하지 않았고, 소속의 욕구의 매개 효과도 지지되지 않았다. 해당 결과를 기반으로 사회적 배제와 물질주의의 관계 및 연구의 한계에 대해 논의하였다.

Keywords

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