Phonetics and Speech Sciences (말소리와 음성과학)

Korean Society of Speech Sciences (한국음성학회)
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The perceptual judgment of sound prolongation: Equal-appearing interval and direct magnitude estimation

연장음 길이에 따른 비유창성 정도 평가: 등간척도와 직접크기평정 비교 연구

  • Jin Park (Department of Speech Language Rehabilitation, Catholic Kwandong University) ;
  • Hwajung Cha (Department of Speech Language Rehabilitation, Catholic Kwandong University) ;
  • Sejin Bae (Department of Speech Language Rehabilitation, Catholic Kwandong University)
  • 박진 (가톨릭관동대학교 언어재활학과) ;
  • 차화정 (가톨릭관동대학교 언어재활학과) ;
  • 배세진 (가톨릭관동대학교 언어재활학과)
  • Received : 2023.08.15
  • Accepted : 2023.09.11
  • Published : 2023.09.30
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Abstract

This study aimed to propose an appropriate evaluation method for the perceived level of speech disfluency based on sound prolongation (i.e., increased duration of segments). To this end, 34 Korean-speaking adults (9 males, 25 females, average age: 32.9 yrs.) participated as raters in this study. The participants listened to sentences containing a total of 25 stimuli with the Korean voiceless fricative /s/ extended by 80-ms increments up to 2,000 ms (i.e., 285 ms, 365 ms., ..., 2,125 ms, 2,205 ms), and evaluated them using an equal-appearing interval scale (EAI, 1-7 points, where 1 represents "normal" and 7 represents "severe"). Subsequently, based on the interval-scale results, the sentence stimuli with the prolonged voiceless fricative corresponding to the mild-to-moderate level (rated as 4 points) were selected as the reference modulus for direct magnitude estimation (DME). After scatter plots were created for the two evaluation results, the relationship between the two measured mean values was analyzed using a curve estimation method for the observed data with the highest R2-value to determine whether a linear or curvilinear approximation fit the data better. A curvilinear relationship between the two evaluation results was indicated, suggesting that DME is a more appropriate evaluation method than the EAI scale for assessing the perceived level of disfluency based on sound prolongation.

본 연구는 연장음의 길이에 따른 비유창성 지각 정도에 대해 각각 등간척도와 직접크기평정을 통한 청지각적 평가를 실시한 후, 두 평가의 결과치가 선형적인 또는 비선형적인 관계를 보이는지를 알아보고자 진행되었다. 이를 통해 연장음의 길이에 따른 비유창성 지각 정도에 대한 적절한 평가 방법을 제안하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국어를 모국어로 하는 만 19세 이상 성인 남녀 34명(남: 9명, 여: 25명, 평균연령: 32.9세)이 평가자로 참여였다. 실험참여자는 먼저 한국어 평마찰음 /s/를 원래 길이에서 80 ms씩 연장하여 2,000 ms(i.e., 285 ms, 365 ms., ..., 2,125 ms, 2,205 ms)까지 연장 변조한 총 25개의 자극이 들어 있는 문장을 듣고, 등간척도(1-7점, 1은 '정상', 7은 '심도')로 평가하였다. 이후에 등간척도 평가 결과, '경중도'(4점)에 해당하는 음성샘플을 선정해 이를 기준 평가치(modulus)로 하여 직접크기평정을 실시하였다. 두 평가 결과치에 대한 산포도를 작성한 후, 모형 분석을 통해 두 측정치 간의 관계가 선형적(linear)인지 비선형적(curvilinear)인지 R2값을 통해 조사하였다. 연구 결과, 두 평가 결과치의 관계가 비선형적인 양상을 보이는 것으로 나타났으며 이는 연장음의 길이에 따른 비유창성 정도 평가에 있어 등간척도보다는 직접크기평정이 적절한 평가 방법임을 보여주는 결과이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구에 평가자로 참여해주신 모든 대상자에게 감사를 드립니다.

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