Journal of Korea Port Economic Association (한국항만경제학회지)

The Korea Port Economic Association (한국항만경제학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on logistics Performance Index andSupply Chain Tracking Data during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Covid-19 팬데믹시기 물류성과지수와 공급망 추적 데이터에 대한 고찰

  • Received : 2023.09.10
  • Accepted : 2023.09.30
  • Published : 2023.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on global logistics and supply chains, leading to major discrepancies in logistics performance across countries worldwide. Through an examination of logistics performance index and supply chain tracking data, this study aimed to identify the changes in global supply chains and logistics environments during the pandemic. The analysis of the logistics performance index showed that overall, countries around the world, especially developed nations, showed improvements in metrics such as customs and border management efficiency, the quality of trade and transport infrastructure, capability and quality of logistics services, and cargo tracking abilities. However, the competitive pricing feasibility of international transportation and the on-time delivery frequency of goods saw a decline due to the pandemic's effects. The supply chain tracking data revealed that ports in Asian countries demonstrated high processing efficiency. In contrast, the U.S. and European countries took comparatively more time. Particularly for air cargo, parcels, and express shipments, the U.S. showed relatively longer processing times, leading to logistical delays. In conclusion, during the Covid-19 pandemic, Asian countries maintained relatively high efficiency in their logistics and trade environments. Conversely, the U.S. and some European countries showed delays and decreased efficiency in various metrics. In the future, efforts should be made to address delays and congestion, namely, the deceleration of logistics processes.

Covid-19 팬데믹은 글로벌 물류와 공급망에 큰 영향을 미쳤으며, 이로 인해 세계 각국의 물류성능에 큰 차이가 발생하였다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 물류성과지수와 공급망 추적 데이터에 대한 고찰을 통해 펜데믹 기간 동안 발생된 글로벌 공급 사슬의 변화와 물류 환경 변화를 확인하고자 하였다. 물류성과지수를 분석한 결과 세관 및 통관 관리 효율성, 무역 및 운송 인프라의 품질, 물류 서비스의 능력과 품질, 화물 추적 능력 등의 지표에서 세계 국가들, 특히 선진국들은 전반적으로 성능 개선을 보였다. 반면, 국제 운송의 경쟁력 있는 가격 용이성과 화물의 정시 배송 빈도는 팬데믹의 영향으로 점수 하락을 보였다. 공급망 추적 데이터 분석에서 아시아 국가의 항구에서의 처리 효율성은 높게 나타났다. 그러나 미국과 유럽 국가들은 상대적으로 더 많은 시간이 소요되었다. 항공화물, 소포, 특송 운송에서 특히 미국의 경우 상대적으로 처리시간이 많이 걸리는 것으로 나타나 물류 지연이 발생하고 있었다. 결론적으로, Covid-19 팬데믹 동안 아시아 국가들은 물류 및 무역 환경에서 상대적으로 높은 효율성을 유지하였다. 반면, 미국과 일부 유럽 국가들은 여러 지표에서 지연과 효율성 저하를 보였다. 향후 지연현상과 정체현상 즉 물류 프로세스의 속도 감소를 해결하기 위한 노력들이 필요한 시점이라 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. 안경애 (2014), "APEC 국가의 물류효율성이 무역 및 경제 협력에 미치는 효과분석", 「유통경영학회지」, 17(1), pp.23-34. https://doi.org/10.17961/JDMR.17.1.201403.23
  2. 임은정.전성희 (2019), "교역 상대국의 물류성과지표가 한국 무역에 미치는 영향", 「한국항만경제학회지」, 35(1), pp.77-96.
  3. 정문현 (2017), "물류수행이 유라시아 국가의 무역경쟁력에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구", 「관세학회지」, 17(4), pp.191-218.
  4. Abdalla, S. S. A., and K. Nakagawa. (2022). "Entrepreneurial Leadership, Supply Chain Innovation, and Adaptability: A Cross-national Investigation." Operations Research Forum 3 (1): 23.
  5. Akbari, M., H. M. Nguyen, R. McClelland, and K. van Houdt. (2022). "Design, Implementation and Academic Perspectives on Authentic Assessment for Applied Business Higher Education in a Top Performing Asian Economy." Education + Training 64 (1): 69-88. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-04-2021-0121
  6. Almalki, M., and M. Alkahtani. (2022). "Allocation of Regional Logistics Hubs and Assessing Their Contribution to Saudi Arabia's Logistics Performance Index Ranking." Sustainability 14 (12): 7474.
  7. Alnipak, S., E. Isikli, and S. Apak. (2021). "The Propellants of The Logistics Performance Index: An Empirical Panel Investigation of The European Region." International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 1-23.
  8. Arvis, J. F., M. A. Mustra, J. Panzer, L. Ojala, and T. Naula. (2007). Connecting to Compete 2007: Trade Logistics in The Global Economy-The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  9. Arvis, J. F., M. A. Mustra, L. Ojala, B. Shepherd, and D. Saslavsky. (2010). Connecting to Compete 2010: Trade Logistics in The Global Economy. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  10. Arvis, J. F., R. C. Carruthers, G. M. Smith, and C. Willoughby. (2011). Connecting Landlocked Developing Countries to Markets: Trade Corridors in the 21st Century. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  11. Arvis, J. F., M. A. Antoci, L. M. Ojala, D. M. Saslavsky, and B. A. Shepherd. (2012). Connecting to Compete 2012: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy-The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank Group.
  12. Arvis, J. F., D. Saslavsky, L. Ojala, B. Shepherd, C. Busch, and A. Raj. (2014). Connecting to Compete 2014: Trade Logistics in The Global Economy-The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  13. Arvis, J. F., D. Saslavsky, L. Ojala, B. Shepherd, C. Busch, A. Raj, and T. Naula. (2016). Connecting to Compete 2016: Trade Logistics in The Global Economy-The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  14. Arvis, J. F., L. Ojala, C. Wiederer, B. Shepherd, A. Raj, K. Dairabayeva, and T. Kiiski. (2018). Connecting to Compete 2018: Trade Logistics in The Global Economy-The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  15. Atalan, A. (2020). "Logistics Performance Index of OECD Members." Akademik Arastirmalar ve Clismalar Dergisi (AKAD) 12 (23): 608-619. https://doi.org/10.20990/kilisiibfakademik.720604
  16. Atayah, O. F., M. M. Dhiaf, K. Najaf, and G. F. Frederico. (2022). "Impact of COVID-19 on Financial Performance of Logistics Firms: Evidence from G-20 Countries." Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing 15 (2): 172-196. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGOSS-03-2021-0028
  17. Beysenbaev, R., and Y. Dus. (2020). "Proposals for Improving the Logistics Performance Index." The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics 36 (1): 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2019.10.001
  18. Cho, J., E. K. Hong, J. Yoo, and I. Cheong. (2020). "The Impact of Global Protectionism on Port Logistics Demand." Sustainability 12 (4): 1444.
  19. Fahim, P. B. M., J. Rezaei, B. Montreuil, and L. Tavasszy. (2022). "Port Performance Evaluation and Selection in The Physical Internet." Transport Policy 124: 83-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2021.07.013
  20. Fahrni, M. L., I. A. N. Ismail, D. M. Refi, A. Almeman, N. C. Yaakob, K. M. Saman, N. F. Mansor, N. Noordin, and Z. U. D. Babar (2022), "Management of COVID-19 Vaccines Cold Chain Logistics: A Scoping Review." Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice 15 (1): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40545-021-00401-z
  21. Goel, R., J. Saunoris, and S. Goel. (2020). "Supply Chain Reliability and International Economic Growth: Impacts of Disruptions like COVID-19." CESifo Working Paper 8294, Center for Economic Studies, Munich, Germany.
  22. Goel, R. K., J. W. Saunoris, and S. S. Goel. (2021). "Supply Chain Performance and Economic Growth: The Impact of COVID-19 Disruptions." Journal of Policy Modeling 43 (2): 298-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2021.01.003
  23. Holl, A., and I. Mariotti. (2022). "An Empirical Study of Drivers for The Adoption of Logistics Innovation." Industry and Innovation 29 (6): 760-791. https://doi.org/10.1080/13662716.2021.1990020
  24. Ittmann, H. W. (2018). "Logistics Performance in South Africa." Journal of Transport and Supply Chain Management, 12.
  25. Jayathilaka, R., C. Jayawardhana, N. Embogama, S. Jayasooriya, N. Karunarathna, T. Gamage, and N. Kuruppu. (2022). "Gross Domestic Product and Logistics Performance Index Drive the World Trade: A Study Based on All Continents." PLOS ONE 17 (3): e0264474.
  26. Karaduman, H. A., A. Karaman-Akgul, M. Caglar, and H. E. Akbas. (2020a). "The Relationship Between Logistics Performance and Carbon Emissions: An Empirical Investigation on Balkan Countries." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 12 (4): 449-461. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCCSM-05-2020-0041
  27. Karaman, A. S., M. Kilic, and A. Uyar. (2020b). "Green Logistics Performance and Sustainability Reporting Practices of The Logistics Sector: The Moderating Effect of Corporate Governance." Journal of Cleaner Production 258: 120718.
  28. Kesavan, D. P., and A. M. Deif. (2021). "Exploring National Culture Impact on Logistics Performance." Transportation Journal 60 (1): 20-42. https://doi.org/10.5325/transportationj.60.1.0020
  29. Kumari, M., and N. Bharti. (2020). "Does Bureaucracy Affect the Outcome of Logistics Performance? Empirical Evidence from South Asia." American Journal of Business 36 (1): 84-102. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJB-08-2020-0134
  30. Marti, L., Puertas, M. and L. Garcia (2014), "The Importance of the Logistics Performance Index in International Trade," Applied Economics, 46(24), 2982-2992. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2014.916394
  31. Moldabekova, A., R. Philipp, H.-E. Reimers, and B. Alikozhayev. (2021). "Digital Technologies for Improving Logistics Performance of Countries." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 22 (2): 207-216. https://doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2021-0016
  32. Pambudi, N. A., A. Sarifudin, I. M. Gandidi, and R. Romadhon. (2021). "Vaccine Cold Chain Management and Cold Storage Technology to Address the Challenges of Vaccination Programs." Energy Reports 8: 955-972.
  33. Phuong Vu, T., D. B. Grant, and D. A. Menachof. (2020). "Exploring Logistics Service Quality in Hai Phong, Vietnam." The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics 36 (2): 54-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2019.12.001
  34. Reis, J., P. Sanches, J. Cabral, and C. Rodrigo. (2020). "The Impact of Logistics Performance on Argentina, Brazil, and the US Soybean Exports from 2012 to 2018: A Gravity Model Approach." Agriculture 10: 338.
  35. Rojanaleekul, V., S. Pungchompoo, and N. Sirivongpaisal. (2022). "Trade Values Predictive Model of Southeast Asia under the Belt-Road Initiative." The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics 38 (3): 162-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2022.06.001
  36. Runhua Xiao, I., M. Jaller, D. Phong, and H. Zhu. (2022). "Spatial Analysis of the 2018 Logistics Performance Index Using Multivariate Kernel Function to Improve Geographically Weighted Regression Models." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2676 (2): 44-58. https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981211036372
  37. Saini, M., and D. Hrusecka. (2021). "Comparative Impacts of Logistics Performance Index, Ease of Doing Business and Logistics Cost on Economic Development: A Fuzzy QCA Analysis." Journal of Business Economics and Management 22 (6): 1577-1592. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2021.15586
  38. Sanri, O., and A. Piskin. (2022). "The Mediator Effect of Logistics Performance on Economic Growth: Evidence from OECD Countries." Third Sector Social Economic Review 57 (3): 1494-1507.
  39. Uyar, A., V. Fernandes, and C. Kuzey. (2021). "The Mediating Role of Corporate Governance Between Public Governance and Logistics Performance: International Evidence." Transport Policy 109 (1).
  40. Yang, L., Q. Dong, Z. Tong, Q. Wang, and J. Wu. (2022). "Logistics Input Intensity, Trade Facilitation and Comparative Advantage." The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development 31 (5): 725-741.
  41. Yeo, A. D., A. Deng, and T. Y. Nadiedjoa. (2020). "The Effect of Infrastructure and Logistics Performance on Economic Performance: The Mediation Role of International Trade." Foreign Trade Review 55 (4): 450-465.
  42. Yeo, A. D., and A. Deng. (2020). "Logistics Performance as a Mediator of the Relationship between Trade Facilitation and International Trade: A Mediation Analysis." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 23 (1).
  43. Yildirim, B. F., and B. Adiguzel Mercangoz. (2020). "Evaluating the Logistics Performance of OECD Countries by Using Fuzzy AHP and ARAS-G." Eurasian Economic Review 10 (1): 27-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40822-019-00131-3
  44. Wang, M and C. Choi (2018), "How Logistics Performance Promote the International Trade Volume? A Comparative Analysis of Developing and Developed Countries," International Journal of Logistics Economics and Globalisation, 7(1), pp.49-70. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLEG.2018.090504
  45. Worldbank (2023), "Connecting to Compete 2023 : Trade Logistics in an Uncertain Global Economy" Washington, DC: World Bank.