Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas (한국가스학회지)

The Korean Institute of GAS (한국가스학회)
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Analysis of the Dust Explosion Characteristics of Milk Powder in Spray Drying Process

분무건조공정에서 분유분말의 분진폭발 특성 분석

  • Han-Hee Lee (Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute) ;
  • Dong-Hyun Seo (Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute) ;
  • Yi-Rac Choi (Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute)
  • 이한희 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 서동현 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 최이락 (한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원)
  • Received : 2024.09.25
  • Accepted : 2024.12.19
  • Published : 2024.12.31
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Abstract

Fires and dust explosions account for many accidents overseas in the food and agriculture sector, but they are not well-known in Korea. The risk of dust explosions in milk powder is unfamiliar in Korea, but cases of fire and explosion accidents involving milk powder are often reported in foreign countries. It is expected that there is a possibility of milk powder accidents occurring in Korea. In this study, the dust explosion characteristics of infant formula, whole, and skim milk powder obtained through the spray drying process in Korea were analyzed to investigate the risk of dust explosions. The average particle diameters of the infant formula, whole, and skim milk powders were 96, 102, and 74 ㎛, respectively. The dust explosion test was conducted in a 20 L sphere apparatus, and maximum explosion pressure, maximum rate of pressure rise, and dust explosion index were measured at concentrations from 60 to 1,500 g/m3. The three milk powders have a dust explosion class of St 1. The minimum ignition energy was 30<MIE<100(Es=33), 100<MIE<300 (Es=110) and 100<MIE<300(Es=250) mJ in the order of whole, infant formula and skim milk powder. Based on these dust explosion characteristics, it is necessary to establish measures related to remote control valves to prevent the spread of fire in the air intake and exhaust ducts, temperature sensors to detect fire, and explosion venting in the spray drying process for milk powder.

국외의 식품농업분야에서 화재 및 분진폭발사고가 많은 부분을 차지하고 있으나, 국내에는 잘 알려져 있지 않은 실정이다. 분유의 분진폭발 위험성은 국내에서는 생소한 분야이며 국외에서는 분유에 대한 화재 및 폭발사고사례가 종종 보고되고 있다. 국내에도 분유 사고발생가능성이 있을 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구에서는 국내 분무 건조공정에서 얻어진 조제, 전지 및 탈지분유 분말에 대한 분진폭발특성을 분석하여 그 위험성을 조사하였다. 조제, 전지 및 탈지분유 분말의 평균입경은 96, 102, 74 ㎛로 나타났다. 분진폭발시험은 20 L 구형 용기에서 수행되었으며 60~1,500 g/m3 농도에서 최대폭발압력, 최대폭발압력상승속도, 분진폭발지수를 측정하였다. 모든 분유분말의 폭발등급은 St 1에 해당된다. 최소점화에너지는 30<MIE<100(Es=33), 100<MIE<300(Es=110), 100<MIE<300(Es=250)mJ로서 전지, 조제, 탈지분유 분말 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 분진폭발 특성을 바탕으로 분유분말을 처리하는 분무 건조공정에서는 공기흡입 및 배기덕트에 화재확산을 방지하는 원격 제어밸브, 화재를 감지하는 온도센서, 폭발방산구 등과 관련된 대책수립이 필요하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2023년 산업안전보건연구원의 재원으로 수행되었습니다.

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