DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Smart City Marketing Strategy: Transformative Endeavor

  • Received : 2024.01.15
  • Accepted : 2024.03.21
  • Published : 2024.03.30

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate impact of smart city awareness on citizen satisfaction and to measure various factors influencing smart city competitiveness that were rarely addressed in previous studies. For the impacts on the competitiveness of smart cities, this study explored the effects of data-driven service, economic impact, social trust through sharing, environmental protection, and sustainable growth. Research design, data and methodology: To collect data, this study employed an online survey conducted by a reputable research organization. Data analysis involved the use of factor analysis, ANOVA, and regression analysis. Results: This study identified key aspects important for enhancing citizen satisfaction. Furthermore, this research unveiled the significant impacts of data-driven service, economic impact, social trust through sharing, environmental protection, and sustainable growth on the competitiveness of smart cities. Conclusions: The results yield valuable managerial and policy implications. The study suggests that enhancing citizen satisfaction through improved awareness of the smart city is crucial for effective city marketing management. Additionally, the results highlight special aspects necessary to improve smart city competitiveness, including the implementation of promotional policies supported by the government, promoting global competitiveness for domestic companies, and fostering citizen participation for effective city marketing management.

Keywords

References

  1. Alakavuk, E., Umdu, D. C., Koyuncu, A., & Baro, N. D. (2023). Residents' awareness and knowledge of sustainable smart cities. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 460, pp.1-16). Denpasar Bali, Indonesia.
  2. Bakici, T., Almirall, E., & Wareham, J. (2013). A smart city initiative: The case of barcelona. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 4(2), 135-148.
  3. Boisen, M., Terlouw, K., Grrote, P., & Couwenberg, O. (2018). Reframing place promotion, place marketing, and place branding - moving beyond conceptual confusion. Cities, 80(November), 4-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.08.021
  4. Caragliu, A., Bo, C. F. Del, & Nijkamp, P. (2023). Smart cities in europe revisited: A meta-analysis of smart city economic impacts. Journal of Urban Technology, 30(4), 51-69. https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2023.2220136
  5. Chan, C. S., Peters, M., & Pikkemaat, B. (2019). Investigating visitors' perception of smart city dimensions for city branding in Hong Kong. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 5(4), 620-638. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-07-2019-0101
  6. Chen, Z., & Cheng, J. (2022). Economic impact of smart city investment: Evidence from the smart columbus projects. Journal of Planning Education and Research, November, 1-17.
  7. Christofi, M., Iaia, L., Marchesani, F., & Masciarelli, F. (2021). Marketing innovation and internalization in smart city development: A systematic review, framework, and research agenda. International Marketing Review, 38(5), 948-984. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-01-2021-0027
  8. Deffner, A., & Liouris, C. (2005). City marketing: A significant planning tool for urban development in a globalized economy. In 45th Congress of the European Regional Science Association (pp.1-22). Vrije University, Amsterdam.
  9. Ekman, P., Rondell, J., & Yang, Y. (2019). Exploring smart cities and market transformations from a service-dominant logic perspective. Sustainable Cities and Society, 51(3), 1-11.
  10. Ferrer, J. (2017). Barcelona's smart city vision: an opportunity for transformation. The Journal of Field Actions Science Reports, 16(June), 70-75.
  11. Hammons, R., & Myers, J. (2019). Smart cities. IEEE Internet of Things Magazine, 2(2), 8-9. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIOT.2019.8892761
  12. Herrschel, T. (2013). Competitiveness and sustainability: Can 'smart city regionalism' square the circle? Urban Studies, 50(11), 2332-2348. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013478240
  13. Hoffman, M. C. (2020). Smart cities: A review of the most recent literature. Informatization Policy, 27(1), 3-35. https://doi.org/10.22693/NIAIP.2020.27.1.003
  14. Hollands, R. G. (2015). Critical interventions into the corporate smart city. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 8(1), 61-77. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsu011
  15. Huertas, A., Moreno, A., & Pascual, J. (2021). Place branding for smart cities and smart tourism destinations: Do they communicate their smartness? Sustainability, 13(19), 1-18.
  16. Kamnunansilpa, P., Laochankham, S., Crumpon, C. D., & Draper, J. (2020). Citizen awareness of the smart city: A Study of Khon Kaen, Thailand. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(7), 497-508. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no7.497
  17. Kozlowski, W., & Suwar, K. (2021). Smart city: Definitions, dimensions, and initiatives. European Research Studies Journal, 24(3), 509-520. https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/2442
  18. Lee, K. (2020). A strategy of smart city growth through social and living lab. Journal of the Society of Disaster Information, 16(2), 291-298. https://doi.org/10.15683/KOSDI.2020.06.30.291
  19. Liu, Z., & Wu, J. (2023). A review of the theory and practice of smart city construction in China. Sustainability, 15(9), 1-22.
  20. Lucarelli, A. (2018). Place branding as urban policy: The (im)political place branding. Cities, 80(October), 12-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.08.004
  21. Macek, A., Ovin, R., & Starc-Peceny, U. (2019). Smart cities marketing and its conceptual grounds. Nase gospodarstvo/Our Economy, 65(4), 110-116.
  22. Malik, R., Visvizi, A., Troisi, O., & Grimaldi, M. (2022). Smart services in smart cities: Insights from science mapping analysis. Sustainability, 14(11), 1-16.
  23. Manka-Szulik, M., Krawczyk, D., & Wodarsku, K. (2023). Residents' perceptions of challenges related to implementation of smart city solutions by local government. Sustainability, 15(11), 1-11.
  24. McKenna, H. P. (2020). Awareness and smart city implementations: sensing, sensors, and the iot in the public sector. In: J. R. Gil-Garcia., T.A. Pardo, & M. Gasco-Hernandez (Eds.), Beyond smart and connected governments. public administration and information technology (pp.111-137). Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
  25. Muschkiet, M., Kuhne, B., Jagals, M., Bergan, P., Rehring, K., & Ahlemann, F. (2022). Making data valuable for smart city service systems - A citizen journey map for data-driven service design. Wirtschaftsinformatik 2022 Proceedings, 12, Nuremberg, Germany.
  26. Nam, T., & Pardo, T. A. (2011). Conceptualizing smart city with dimensions of technology, people, and institutions. The Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research (pp.282-291). College Park, US.
  27. Novita, D., & Suryani, E. (2019). Smart city on public perception. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 248, 1-7. Bangkok, Thailand.
  28. Nursanty, E. (2019). Smart city branding: Gazing and sensing place. Proceeding of the International Science Conference (pp.1-12). Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
  29. Oke, A. E., Stephen, S. S., Aigbavboa, C. O., Ogunsemi, D. R., & Aje, I. O. (2022). Smart cities: A panacea for sustainability development. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Limited.
  30. Osorio-Andrade, C. F., Murcia-Zorrilla, C. P., & Arango-Espinal, E. (2020). City marketing research: A bibliometric analysis. Revista Escuela de Administracion de Negocios, 89, 113-130,
  31. Padchenko, K. (2023). The economic and social impacts of smart cities: multi-stakeholder pre-study results. Smart Cities and Regional Development Journal, 7(2), 25-38.
  32. Patel, Y., & Doshi, N. (2019). Social implications of smart cities. Procedia Computer Science, 155(1), 692-697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.08.099
  33. Sessa, M. (2022). The processes and theories of the smart city. newcastle upon tyne. UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  34. Trindade, E. P., Hinnig, M. P. F., Costa, E. M. da, Marques, J. S., Bastos, R. C., & Yigitcanlar, T. (2017). Sustainable development of smart cities: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 3(11), 1-14.
  35. Vallaster, C., von Wallpach, S., & Zenker, S. (2018). The interplay between urban policies and grassroots city brand co-creation and co-destruction during the refugee crisis: Insights from the city brand Munich (Germany). Cities, 80(10), 53-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.07.013
  36. Vangelov, N. (2022). Digital marketing and outdoor advertising in smart cities. Smart Cities and Regional Development Journal, 6(I3), 81-91.
  37. Vanolo, A. (2018). Politicizing city branding: some comments on andrea lucarelli's 'place branding as urban policy.' Cities, 80(November), 67-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2018.06.004
  38. Vijaygopal, R., Bennett, R., & Savani, S. (2023). Initiation, marketing, and branding of smart city projects: A study of decision processes. Journal of Marketing Management, 39(17-18), 1833-1861. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2023.2172448
  39. Yigitcanlar, T., Kamruzzaman, Md., Foth, M., Sabatini-Marques, J., Costa, E. da, Ioppolo, G. (2019). Can cities become smart without being sustainable? A systematic review of the literature. Sustainable Cities and Society, 45(February), 348-365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.11.033
  40. Yigitcanlar, T., & Kamruzzaman, Md. (2018). Does smart city policy lead to sustainability of cities? Land Use Policy, 73(January), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.01.034
  41. Yigitcanlar, T., & Lee, S. H. (2014). Korean ubiquitous-eco-city: A smart-sustainable urban form or a branding hoax? Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 89(1), 100-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2013.08.034
  42. Zhu, Y., & Alamsyah, N. (2022). Citizen empowerment and satisfaction with smart city app: Findings from Jakarta. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174(July), 1-14.