Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Failure assessment of SS304L-GI-EN24T dissimilar welded joints for application in milk transported tanker structure

  • Shivaji G. Chavan (Production Engineering Department, VJTI) ;
  • Milind B. Patil (Production Engineering Department, VJTI) ;
  • D.N. Raut (Production Engineering Department, VJTI)
  • Received : 2025.02.06
  • Accepted : 2025.09.26
  • Published : 2025.12.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study investigated the strengthening mechanisms and failure analysis of dissimilar welded joints between SS304L stainless steel and EN24T mild steel. The mechanical characteristics and tensile failure performance of the joints were evaluated. The microstructures of different joint configurations(MS-MS, MS-SS, SS-GI, and MS-GI) were first examined using SEM and EBSD analysis. Subsequently, tensile tests were conducted on four samples of these joints, which were prepared according to the ASMEE8 standard. The MS-SS dissimilar welded joint exhibited the maximum load capacity of 35.71 KN, while the SS-GI joint showed the minimum capacity of 27.49 KN. The effects of weld thickness and specimen length on the strength of the joint structure were also studied. A Finite Element Method (FEM) model was developed for all cases and validated against the experimental results. The proposed FEM model shows very good agreement with the experimental data. The yield strengths of the dissimilar metal joints, as obtained from the UTM, were 320 MPa for MS-MS, 384 MPa for MS-SS, 343 MPa for MS-GI, and 325 MPa for SS-GI. This research demonstrates that the dissimilar metal weld joint, particularly the MS-SS configuration, is an effective and suitable choice for application in milk tanker structures.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors are extremely thankful to sophisticated analytical Instrument facility laboratory of Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT-B), AMTF lab for providing the digital UTM and MMMF lab for preforming SEM-EDS-EBSD analysis facility assistance in this work.

References

  1. ASTM International, Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States.
  2. Baskaya, U., Uzun, R., Atapek, S.H., Kılıc, Y. and Polat, S. (2024), "Effect of coating type on electrode degradation and its life in resistance spot welding of a low carbon steel", Eng. Fail. Anal., 157, 107879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2023.107879.
  3. Bouchouicha, B., Tirenifi, M. and Bensari, A. (2019), "Numerical comparison of cruciform weld and butt weld simulation and a study of fracture mechanics on two types of welds", Fract. Struct. Integr., 13(48), 357-369. https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.48.34.
  4. Chuaiphan, W., Kaewsakul, N. and Nansaarng, S. (2024), "Roles of hydrogen in shielding gas for compensate heat input on dissimilar joints of stainless steel series 200 between AISI 201LN and 214 by GTAW", J. Alloy. Metal. Syst., 5, 100052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalmes.2023.100052.
  5. Feizollahi, V. and Moghadam, A.H. (2024), "The study investigates the effects of tool pin length, rotation speed, and dwell time on the microstructure and tensile strength of dissimilar joints between low-carbon galvanized steel and aluminum T6-6061 through friction stir spot welding", Eng. Fail. Anal., 157, 107925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2023.107925.
  6. Khater, N.S., El-Boghdadi, M.H. and Yossef, N.M. (2024), "Elastic distortional buckling of cold-formed steel Z-Beams with stiffened holes using reduced thickness", Steel Compos. Struct., 51(3), 225-241. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2024.51.3.225.
  7. Koubova, L. (2024), "Solution of yielding steel arch supports used in mining", Steel Compos. Struct., 51(5), 575-586. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2024.51.5.575.
  8. Kyaw, P.M., Osawa, N., Tanaka, S. and Gadallah, R. (2023), "Influence coefficient-based fracture parameter modification factor in a cracked T-butt welded joint", Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech., 123, 103678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tafmec.2022.103678.
  9. Langari, J., Aliakbari, K. and Kolahan, F. (2023), "Fatigue life simulation of AA7075-T651 FSW joints using experimental data", Eng. Fail. Anal., 154, 107690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2023.107690.
  10. Liu, M., Huang, S., Liu, Z. and Du, C. (2024), "Investigations on the passive and pitting behaviors of the multiphase stainless steel in chlorine atmosphere", J. Mater. Res. Technol., 28, 3365-3375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.12.243.
  11. Matuszewski, M. (2019), "Modeling of 3D temperature field in butt welded joint of 6060 alloy sheets using the ANSYS program", IOP Conf. Ser., Mater. Sci. Eng., 659, 012034. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/659/1/012034.
  12. Mikolášek, D., Krejsa, M., Brožovský, J., Pařenica, P. and Lehner, P. (2017). "Numerical and experimental analysis of welds in steel structural element", Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Budownictwo, 219-230. https://doi.org/10.17512/znb.2017.1.22.
  13. Okada, H., Koya, H., Kawai, H., Li, Y. and Osakabe, K. (2016), "Computations of stress intensity factors for semi-elliptical cracks with high aspect ratios by using the tetrahedral finite element", Eng. Fract. Mech., 158, 144-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2016.02.049.
  14. Pal, S., Bončina, T., Lojen, G., Brajlih, T., Fabjan, E.Š., Gubeljak, N., ... & Drstvenšek, I. (2024), "Fine martensite and beta-grain variational effects on mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V while laser parameters change in laser powder bed fusion", Mater. Sci. Eng.: A, 892, 146052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2023.146052.
  15. Park, S., Clayton, P., Helwig, T.A., Engelhardt, M.D. and Williamson, E.B. (2024), "Experimental investigation of local stress distribution along the cross-section of composite steel beams near joints", Steel Compos. Struct., 51(5), 563-573. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2024.51.5.563.
  16. Prabhu, S., Sri, M.N.S., Anusha, P., Saravanan, G., Kannan, K. and Manickam, S. (2022), "Improvement of mechanical behavior of FSW dissimilar aluminum alloys by postweld heat treatments", Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2022(1), 3608984. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/36089.
  17. Raoelison, R.N., Sapanathan, T., Li, J.S., Zhang, Z., Racine, D., Chen, X.G., ... & Rachik, M. (2023), "Transformation sequence of Mg-Si precipitates towards a precipitation of Mn and Cr containing phase governed by the high strain-rate collision during magnetic pulse welding of Al-Mg-Si alloy", J. Alloy. Metal. Syst., 4, 100048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalmes.2023.100048.
  18. Tian, Y., Tan, Z., Zhang, J., Yuan, Z., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z. and Zhang, M. (2023), "Microstructure stability in wheel steel: A case of thermal-accumulated damage capacity in pearlite and low-carbon bainite", Eng. Fail. Anal., 154, 107656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2023.107656.
  19. Vemanaboina, H., Edison, G., Akella, S. and Buddu, R.K. (2018), "Thermal analysis simulation for laser butt welding of Inconel625 using FEA", Int. J. Eng. Technol, 7(4.10), 85.
  20. Xie, X., Yu, D., Chen, J., Liang, Z. and Wang, J. (2024), "Enhancement of high-temperature fatigue properties of 310S stainless steel welded joints by strengthened grinding process inducing gradient structure", Eng. Fail. Anal., 157, 107846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2023.107846.
  21. Zhang, Z., Feng, Y., Zhang, D. and Pan, Z. (2024), "Application of a ductile connection system to steel MRF strengthened with hinged walls", Steel Compos. Struct., 51(5), 487-498. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2024.51.5.487.