References
- Gao, Q., Mei, F., Shang, Y., Hu, K., Chen, F., Zhao, L., et al. (2021). Global prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr, 40(7), 4633-4641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2021.06.009
- Atkins, J. L. & Wannamathee, S. G. (2020). Sarcopenic obesity in ageing: cardiovascular outcomes and mortality. Br J Nutr, 124(10), 1102–1113. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114520002172
- Wei, S., Nguyen, T. T., Zhang, Y., Ryu, D. & Gariani, K. (2023). Sarcopenic obesity: epidemiology, pathophysiology, cardiovascular disease, mortality, and management. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 14, 1185221. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1185221
- Benz, E., Pinel, A., Guillet, C., Capel, F., Pereira, B., De Antonio, M., et al. (2024). Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity and Mortality Among Older People. JAMA network open, 7(3), e243604. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.3604
- Prado, C. M., Batsis, J. A., Donini, L. M., Gonzalez, M. C. & Siervo, M. (2024). Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a clinical overview. Nat Rev Endocrinol, 20(5), 261–277. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-023-00943-z
- Choi, H. A. & Park, K. M. (2016) Effects of Sarcopenic Obesity on Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Elders: Using Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2011). J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 27(3), 231-241. https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2016.27.3.231
- Liu, C., Wong, P. Y., Chung, Y. L., Chow, S. K., Cheung, W. H., Law, S. W., et al. (2023). Deciphering the "obesity paradox" in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis of sarcopenic obesity. Obes Rev, 24(2), e13534. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13534
- Kim, T. N., Yang, S. J., Yoo, H. J., Lim, K. I., Kang, H. J., Song, W., et al. (2009). Prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in Korean adults: the Korean sarcopenic obesity study. Int J Obes (Lond), 33(8), 885-892. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2009.130
- Poggiogalle, E., Lubrano, C., Sergi, G., Coin, A., Gnessi, L., Mariani, S., et al. (2016). Sarcopenic Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Caucasian Subjects. J Nutr Health Aging, 20(9), 958-963. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-015-0638-1
- Zembura, M. & Matusik, P. (2022). Sarcopenic Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 13, 914740. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.914740
- Schrager, M. A., Metter, E. J., Simonsick, E., Ble, A., Bandinelli, S., Lauretani, F., et al. (2007). Sarcopenic obesity and inflammation in the InCHIANTI study. J Appl Physiol (1985), 102(3), 919–925. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00627.2006
- Weiss, E. P., Jordan, R. C., Frese, E. M., Albert, S. G. & Villareal, D. T. (2017). Effects of Weight Loss on Lean Mass, Strength, Bone, and Aerobic Capacity. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 49(1), 206-217. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001074
- Park, Y. J., Cominguez, D. C., Kim, H. J., Jin, J. S., Koh, D. J., Kim, S. Y., et al. (2021). Therapeutic effects of Gambi-jung for the treatment of obesity. Biomed Pharmacother, 141, 111838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111838
- Lee, Y. J., Kang, J. I., Kim, Y. H., Min, E. C., Lim, Y. W. & Kim, E. (2024). Gamitaeeumjowee-tang for Weight Loss in Post-Menopausal Obese Women: A Retrospective Chart Review. J Korean Med, 45(1), 64-78. https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.24004
- Zhou, X., Xing, B., He, G., Lyu, X. & Zeng, Y. (2018). The Effects of Electrical Acupuncture and Essential Amino Acid Supplementation on Sarcopenic Obesity in Male Older Adults: A Randomized Control Study. Obes Facts, 11(4), 327-334. https://doi.org/10.1159/000491797
- Park, M., Lim, Y. W. & Kim, E. (2024). Review on Weight Loss Interventions that Can Prevent Muscle Mass Loss in Sarcopenic Obesity. J Korean Med, 45(1), 79-98. https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.24005
- Lee, Y. B., Lee, A. R., Son, M. J., An, S. H. & Han, J. Y. (2024). Gamitaeeumjowee-tang for Patients with Class Ⅱ or Ⅲ Obesity: A Retrospective Chart Review. J Korean Med Obes Res, 24(2), 54-67. https://doi.org/10.15429/jkomor.2024.24.1.54
- Lee, A. R., Son, M. J., An, S. H., Eom, Y. J. & Han, J. Y. (2024). Gamitaeeumjowee-tang for Elderly Female Patients with Overweight and Obesity: A Retrospective Chart Review. J Korean Med Obes Res, 24(2), 179-191. https://doi.org/10.15429/jkomor.2024.24.2.179
- Hwang, B., Lim, J. Y., Lee, J., Choi, N. K., Ahn, Y. O. & Park, B. J. (2012). Prevalence rate and associated factors of sarcopenic obesity in korean elderly population. J Korean Med Sci, 27(7), 748-755. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2012.27.7.748
- Hwang J. (2024). Sarcopenic Obesity Frequency and Associated Risk Factors in Young Korean Women: A Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Analysis. KSPM, 19, 43-51. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2024.19.1.43
- Kim, K. K., Haam, J. H., Kim, B. T., Kim, E. M., Park, J. H., Rhee, S. Y., et al. (2023). Evaluation and Treatment of Obesity and Its Comorbidities: 2022 Update of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity by the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. J Obes Metab Syndr, 32(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes23016
- Camajani, E., Persichetti, A., Watanabe, M., Contini, S., Vari, M., Di Bernardo, S., et al. (2022). Whey Protein, L-Leucine and Vitamin D Supplementation for Preserving Lean Mass during a Low-Calorie Diet in Sarcopenic Obese Women. Nutrients, 14(9), 1884. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091884
- Sammarco, R., Marra, M., Di Guglielmo, M. L., Naccarato, M., Contaldo, F., Poggiogalle, E., et al. (2017). Evaluation of Hypocaloric Diet With Protein Supplementation in Middle-Aged Sarcopenic Obese Women: A Pilot Study. Obes facts, 10(3), 160-167. https://doi.org/10.1159/000468153
- Nabuco, H. C. G., Tomeleri, C. M., Fernandes, R. R., Sugihara Junior, P., Cavalcante, E. F., Cunha, P. M., et al. (2019). Effect of whey protein supplementation combined with resistance training on body composition, muscular strength, functional capacity, and plasma-metabolism biomarkers in older women with sarcopenic obesity: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN, 32, 88-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.04.007
- Kim, S., Seok, J. & Ok JM. (2024). Application of Korean Herbal Medicine for Body Fat Loss in Adults with Normal Weight Obesity: A Retrospective Chart Review. Korean J Subhealth Med, 5(1), 15-26. https://doi.org/10.37928/kjsm.2024.5.1.15
- Oliveros, E., Somers, V. K., Sochor, O., Goel, K., & Lopez-Jimenez, F. (2014). The concept of normal weight obesity. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 56(4), 426–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2013.10.003
- De Lorenzo, A., Pellegrini, M., Gualtieri, P., Itani, L., El Ghoch, M. & Di Renzo, L. (2022). The Risk of Sarcopenia among Adults with Normal-Weight Obesity in a Nutritional Management Setting. Nutrients, 14(24), 5295. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14245295
- Yoon, N. R., Yoo, Y. J., Kim, M., Kim, S. Y., Lim, Y. W., Lim, H. H., et al. (2018). Analysis of Adverse Events in Weight Loss Program in Combination with 'Gamitaeeum jowee-Tang' and Low-Calorie Diet. J Korean Med Obes Res, 18(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.15429/jkomor.2018.18.1.1
- Christensen, P., Bliddal, H., Riecke, B. F., Leeds, A. R., Astrup, A., & Christensen, R. (2011). Comparison of a low-energy diet and a very low-energy diet in sedentary obese individuals: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Clin Obes, 1(1), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-8111.2011.00006.x
- Sergi, G., De Rui, M., Stubbs, B., Veronese, N. & Manzato, E. (2017). Measurement of lean body mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a consideration of the pros and cons. Aging Clin Exp Res, 29(4), 591–597. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-016-0622-6
- Chen, L. K., Woo, J., Assantachai, P., Auyeung, T. W., Chou, M. Y., Iijima, K., et al. (2020). Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 21(3), 300-307.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2019.12.012