• 생명과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.336-341
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of carcass grade on the hardness, myofibrillar fragmentations index, protein extractability and Mg-ATPase activity of myofibril and actomyosin obtained from 1, 2, 3 and D carcass grade)subgrade) in Korean native cow. Proximate component, hardness, chewiness, myofibril fragmentation index, protein extractability and Mg-ATPase activity if myofibril or actomyosin were not significantly different between 1st and 2nd carcass grade loin. The hardness and chewiness of 2nd carcass grade loin's were significantly lower than 3th grade loin's, but the myofibril fragmentation index, sarcoplasmic protein extractability and Mg-ATPase activity of myofibril were higher. The myofibrillar protein extractability and Mg-ATPase activity of actomyosin obtained from 3th carcase grade loin's were significantly higher than D grade loin's, but the hardness, chewiness and stroma protein extractability were lower. In conclusion, the degree of toughness in Korean native cow's loin was not significantly different between 1st and 2nd grade, but 3rd and D carcass grade were significantly higher, regardless of before and after aging.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2022

It is impossible to know the amount of pork primal cut by pig carcass grade which is determined only by carcass weight and backfat thickness in the Korean Pig Carcass System. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the pig carcass grade and the amount of pork primal cut estimated with AutoFom III. A total of 419,321 Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc (LYD) pigs were graded with the Korean Pig Carcass Grade System. Amounts of belly, neck, loin, tenderloin, spare ribs, shoulder, and ham were estimated with AutoFom III. Regression equations for seven primal cuts according to each grade were derived. There were significant differences among the three carcass grades due to heteroscedasticity variance (p < 0.0001). Three regression equations were derived from AutoFom III estimation of primal cuts according to carcass grades. The coefficient of determination of the regression equation was 0.941 for grade 1⁺, 0.982 for grade 1, and 0.993 for grade 2. Regression equations obtained from this study are suitable for AutoFom III software, a useful tool for the analysis of each pig carcass grade in the Korean Pig Carcass Grade System. The high reliability of predicting the amount of primal cut with AutoFom III is advantageous for the management of slaughterhouses to optimize their product sorting in Korea.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2009

본 연구는 도체 등급판정을 받은 비육돈 LY 및 LYD 교잡종 중 암퇘지 128두와 거세돈 528두, 총 656 두를 공시돈으로 교배조합, 도체등급 및 출하일령별 도체 및 육질특성을 조사하여 고급돈육생산에 필요한 기초적 자료를 얻고자 실시하였다. 교배조합별 도체특성의 변화에서 근내 지방도와 보수력은 두 교배조합 간에 각각 통계적으로 유의한 차이(p<0.05)를 보였으나, 도체중, 등지방 두께, 육색, 도체등급 및 출하일령은 두 교배조합 간에 유의차가 나타나지 않았다. 도체등급별 도체특성 분석에서 도체중은 도체등급이 떨어질수록 유의하게(p<0.05) 무거웠다. 등지방 두께는 도체등급이 높을수록 유의하게(p<0.05) 얇은 성적을 나타났으나, 육색도에서는 도체등급간에 통계적 유의차는 없었다. 보수력은 도체등급 간에 유의한 차이(p<0.05)를 보인 반면에, 출하일령은 유의성 있는 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 출하일령별 도체특성에서 도체중과 등지방 두께는 출하일령 간에 통계적으로 유의하게(p<0.05) 일령이 많을수록 무겁게 나타났으나, 육색은 일령간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 근내 지방도는 출하일령이 많을수록 유의하게(p<0.05) 높았으나, 도체등급과 보수력에서는 출하일령이 적을수록 유의하게(p<0.05) 높게 나타났다. 그리고 A 등급 출현율은 출하일령이 높은 돈군보다 166~170 일령 돈군에서 53.5%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 도체형질 간의 상관계수 추정에서 도체중은 등지방 두께와 정(+)의 중등 상관이었으나, 도체등급과는 부(-)의 상관이 존재하였으며, 등지방 두께와 도체등급 간에는 부(-) 상관, 육색과 보수력 간에는 고도의 부(-)의 상관, 그리고 근내 지방도와 보수력은 정(+)의 중등 상관이 각각 존재하였다.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2010

본 연구는 축산물품질평가원에서 제공한 2007년 7월 1일부터 2009년 4월 30일까지의 도체등급판정자료 20,450,773두의 등지방두께, 도체중 및 육질등급 자료를 이용하였으며, 등지방두께와 도체중에 대한 환경효과를 추정하였고, 성별, 등지방두께별, 도체중별 등급출현율을 추정하였다. 조사된 형질의 평균치는 도체중과 등지방두께가 각각 $85.97{\pm}0.002kg$, $20.76{\pm}0.001mm$로 나타났다. 성의 효과에서는 거세돼지의 도체중과 등지방두께가 각각 $86.25{\pm}0.003kg$과 $22.55{\pm}0.002mm$로 나타나, 다른 암퇘지나 수퇘지에 비하여 유의적으로 높게 나타났고, 도축 년도의 효과에서는 년도가 경과함에 따라 도체중과 등지방두께가 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 도축 계절의 효과에서는 도체중의 경우 겨울에 $87.00{\pm}0.007kg$으로 유의적으로 무겁게 나타났고, 등지방두께의 경우 가을에 $19.32{\pm}0.004mm$로 유의적으로 두껍게 나타났다. 성에 대한 육질등급 출현율의 경우 온도체와 냉도체 모두 거세돼지의 상위등급 출현율이 암퇘지에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 도체중에 대한 육질등급 출현율의 경우, 온도체와 냉도체 모두 84~88 kg 그룹에서 상위등급 출현율이 다른 그룹에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 등지방 두께에 대한 육질등급 출현율의 경우 온도체와 냉도체 모두 22~24 mm 그룹에서 상위등급 출현율이 다른 그룹에 비하여 높게 나타났다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권5호
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• pp.1086-1097
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• 2021

This study examined the impact of using total mixed ration (TMR) and concentrate on feed intake, daily gain, carcass yield grade, and carcass quality grade of Hanwoo steers and its subsequent economic efficiency. Thirty six 7-month-old Hanwoo steers were assigned to one of the four treatment groups, and each group was divided into three repeated pens, with each repeated pen comprising three steers. The treatment groups were: 1) separate feeding with commercial concentrate and forage (namely, SCF) for the entire experimental period; 2) TMR feeding for a growing period followed by SCF for the early and late fattening period (namely, TMRGSCF); 3) TMR feeding for growing and an early fattening period followed by SCF for the late fattening period (namely, TMREFSCF); and 4) TMR feeding for the entire experimental period (namely, TMRW). The results showed that the SCF treatment had significantly (p < 0.05) higher feed intake during the growing period than other treatments. In contrast, the total feed intake had little difference during early and late fattening as well as the whole period regardless of feeding strategies. Daily gain showed no difference during the growing period. However, it was significantly higher in SCF and TMREFSCF treatments for the early and late fattening period, respectively (p < 0.05). The daily gain during the total raising period is in the order of TMREFSCF > TMRGSCF > SCF > TMRW. Carcass characteristics, including carcass weight, loin eye muscle area, and carcass yield grade, did not significantly differ among different treatments. However, TMRW treatment, wherein TMR was fed for a long time, showed that the cold carcass weight was less compared with other treatments, but carcass yield grade was higher with thinner backfat. Backfat thickness was in the order of SCF > TMRGSCF > TMREFSCF > TMRW, showing that the thickness reduced with longer TMR feeding (p < 0.05). TMRGSCF, which numerically had a higher carcass quality grade, showed higher economic efficiency, whereas SCF showed low economic efficiency. In conclusion, it was more feasible to apply TMR strategy in the growing and early fattening period and then SCF for the early or late fattening period to improve carcass yield, quality grade, and economic efficiency.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.327-334
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• 2003

본 시험은 초음파를 이용하여 한우의 도체형질을 조기에 예측하기 위하여 거세한우 66두를 대상으로 18, 21 및 24개월령에 도체형질을 측정하고, 중회귀 분석 및 의사결정나무 분석을 이용하여 24개월령 출하시 도체형질을 예측하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 도체육량등급에 따라 군을 분류하고 성장에 따른 도체형질의 변화를 관찰한 결과, 등지방 두께는 전기간에 걸쳐 각 도체육량등급간에 유의적(p<0.05)인 차이를 보이며 A, B, C등급 순으로 얇게 나타났다. 중회귀 분석에 의한 도체육량등급의 예측율은 18, 21 및 24개월령에서 각각 78.8%, 86.4% 및 90.9%를 나타냈으며, 의사결정나무 분석에 의한 도체육량등급 예측율은 각 개월령에 따라 78.8%, 89.4% 및 89.4%를 나타냈다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship among market weight, slaughter age, yield grade, and primal cut yield in Hanwoo. A total of 403 Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) was assessed for carcass traits such as carcass cold weight, backfat thickness, ribeye area, dressing percentage, yield index, and marbling score. The production yield of the individual major primal cuts of Hanwoo beef was also measured. Carcass cold weight, ribeye area, and backfat thickness, which affect meat quality increased with increased market weight (p < 0.05). The production yield of the ten major primal cuts also increased with increased market weight (p < 0.05). In terms of slaughter age, carcass cold weight, ribeye area, and backfat thickness all increased from 25 months to 28-29 months, and the production yield of all prime cuts also increased with increasing slaughter age. According to the meat yield grade, carcass cold weight and backfat thickness increased from grade A to grade C, although the ribeye area was not affected. The combined findings of the study suggest that slaughtering Hanwoo at the weight of 651-700 kg and 701-750 and age of 28.23 and 29.83 months could be desirable to achieve the best quality and quantity grade of Hanwoo beef. However, the positive correlation of carcass cold weight and backfat thickness, and the negative correlation of the yield index according to primal cuts yield indicated that it is necessary to couple the slaughtering management of cattle with improved genetic and breeding method of Hanwoo to increase the production yield of the major prime cuts of Hanwoo beef.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.246-252
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• 2004

재래돼지 수컷과 랜드레이스 암컷을 교배하여 생산된 돼지 250두의 등급에 따른 돼지의 도체 특성과 돈육의 이화학적 특성을 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 생체중, 도체중, 지육율 및 등지방 두께는 E등급이 다른 네 등급에 비하여 유의적으로(P<0.05) 낮게 나타났다. 등급이 높을수록 가열 감량은 유의적으로(P<0.05) 많았으며, 수분 및 조지방 함량, PH 및 전단가는 등급간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 육색 a＊값은 C와D등급이 유의적으로 가장 높았으며, A등급이 유의적으로 가장 낮게 나타났으나 L＊값과 b＊값은 등급간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 지방색 b＊값은 A와 E 등급이 유의적으로 가장 높게 나타났으며, C 등급이 유의적으로(P<0.05) 가장 낮게 나타났으나 L＊값과 a＊ 값은 등급간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 가열육의 부착성과 씹힘성은 등급이 높을수록 유의적으로 (P<0.05)높게 나타났으나 경도, 응집성, 탄력성 및 파쇄성은 등급간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 지방산조성은 등급이 높을 수록 palmitic산 함량이 유의적으로(P<0.05) 높고 불포화지방산/포화지방산 비율은 유의적으로(P<0.05) 낮게 나타났으며, 기타 다른 지방산들은 등급간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.1049-1054
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• 2003

A group of Hanwoo (Korean cattle) steers (n=14,386) was sampled from a commercial abattoir located in Seoul over one year period (spring, summer, autumn and winter) and their carcass traits were collected. Carcass traits assessed by an official meat grader comprised degree of marbling, meat color, fat color, texture and maturity for quality grade, and back fat thickness, ribeye area and carcass weight for yield grade. A heavier carcass with a higher marbling score, more red meat color and white fat color received better quality grade (p<0.05). Regression analysis showed that the marbling score was the strongest attribute (partial $R^2=0.88$) for quality grade. Lighter carcasses with a thinner back fat and larger ribeye area received higher yield grade score. The back fat thickness was the most negative determinant of yield grade (Partial $R^2=-0.66$). The slaughter season had a little effect on quality and yield grades. As slaughter weight increased, back fat thickness and ribeye area increased linearly, whereas marbling score reached its asymptotic level at approximately 570 kg. As a consequence, quality grade showed a considerable improvement up to 570 kg, but increases in slaughter weight afterward showed a little benefit on quality grade. There was a clear curvilinear relationship between slaughter weight and yield grade in that the yield grade reached its highest point at approximately 490 kg and decreased afterward. These results suggested that 570kg at the age of 24 months might be the economic slaughter weight for quality grade but 490 kg for yield grade.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.385-391
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• 2017

Our study analyzed the carcass properties of 170 Korean native pigs in relation to carcass weight and back-fat thickness to provide general data for the production and distribution of high quality pig meat. The 70-74 kg group showed highest yield (73.41%). The ${\geq}80kg$ group showed the highest thickest back-fat (24.13 mm) (p<0.05). The ${\geq}80kg$ group showed the best quality grade (1.00). Back-fat thickness showed significant differences in the weight among groups (p<0.05). The ${\geq}25mm$ group showed the highest carcass weight (75.93 kg). The thickest back-fat group (${\geq}25mm$) showed the highest yield (73.03%). There were significant differences in back-fat thickness among groups (p<0.05), and the ${\geq}25mm$ group showed the highest thickness back-fat (27.60 mm). We found a strong positive correlation between carcass weight and back-fat thickness (r=0.346) as well as meat quality grade (r=0.739). Backfat thickness had a relatively strong positive correlation with meat quality grade (r=0.444). Therefore, there are required to manage the breeding through selection of excellent native species for increasing their carcass weight and enhance meat quality.