• Applied Microscopy
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2014

In the present study, we investigated the effects of Polygonum tinctoria Niram (PTN) on atopic dermatitis (AD) in BALB/c mice induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). They were divided into four groups; Control, DNCB, DNCB+1%PTN (1% PTN extract) and DNCB+5%PTN (5% PTN extract), for evaluating the change of appearance of skin surface, skin hydration, thickness of epidermis and mast cell numbers during 4 weeks. PTN suppressed symptoms of AD in appearance of skin and increased skin hydration for DNCB+1%PTN and DNCB+5%PTN. Treatment with PTN significantly decreased the levels of eosinophils. In histopathological examination, DNCB+1%PTN and DNCB+5%PTN significantly reduced the thickness of epidermis and number of mast cell in dermis. These results suggested that the PTN improved symptoms of AD in BALB/c mice.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.1517-1522
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• 2007

두충(잎, 껍질, 줄기)의 추출물이 DNCB로 감작된 4주령 BALB/c mouse 암컷에 유도된 접촉성 피부염의 억제효과를 조사하였다. 림프절, 비장 및 흉선의 무게는 두충 투여군이 DNCB 대조군보다는 낮게 나타났다. 두충 부위별 추출물을 투여한 군에서 귀의 무게는 두충 추출물의 농도가 높을수록 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 대조군과 비교하여 무게에 함량 변화가 있었다. 두충의 부위별 추출물을 1,000 mg/kg 농도로 투여하면 귀의 무게는 대조군과 유사한 수준까지 낮아졌으며, 귀의 두께는 두충 추출물을 투여한 군에서 시간이 경과할수록 두께가 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. MDA 함량은 DNCB 대조군과 두충 투여군을 비교하였을 경우에, 간 조직에서 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 염증이 발생한 귀 조직에서는 차이가 나타났으며(p<0.05), NO 함량은 SW, ST 및 BT 그룹에서 염증이 억제되어 대조군과 마찬가지로 측정되지 않았다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 1979

Clinical evaluation of contact sensitization to 2, 4-dinitro-chlorobenzene [DNCB] was performed in 2 groups: group A [30 patients with non-malignant disease] and group B [30 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma]. Initial sensitization was elicited out by applying 2, 000 ug of DNCB to skin surface of the both group A and B. Subsequently a relatively weak challenge dose, 200 ug of DNCB, was applied 14 days later, showing the satisfactory results of sensitization with minimizing non-specific irritative inflammatory skin response. Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions shown by spontaneous flare phenomena appeared at the challenge site, and they were assessed 48 hours later. The reaction were graded from +1 to +4 according to the degree of flare or vesicular reaction. The results were as follows: 1. 28 cases [93%] of group A, however, only 18 cases [67%] of group B exhibited delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction to DNCB contact sensitization [P<0.02]. 2. Of group A, the delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions above +2 of DNCB score were 25 cases [83%], meanwhile 11 cases [37%] in group B [P<0.001]. 3. Undifferentiated carcinomas showed highest incidence of anergy to DNCB contact sensitization in the all histologic types of group B. 4. In group B, 8 [42%] of 19 cases who react to DNCB were resectable, whereas only 2 [18 %] of 11 cases who failed to react to DNCB were resectable for curative cancer surgery. These study suggests that cellular immune reaction of group B was depressed remarkably comparing with that of group A.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.333-346
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• 1998

In order In study the effects of an immunosuppression and a mitigation of inflammation of Gamiseungmagalgeuntang(GMSG) on the allergic contact dermatitis, contact hypersensitivity assay, mast cell, VCAM-1, and T cell of the lymph node in mice induced allergic contact dermatitis by the contacts-sensitizing DNCB were obsereved after oral administration of GMSG extract. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. Ear swelling in contact hypersensitivity assay was decreased in the GMSG group as compared with DNCB group. 2. It was investigated that mast cells were appeared degranulated type in DNCB group and a number of granulated type was more GMSG group than DNCB group. 3. VCAM-1 expression in epidermis and CD11b positive cell in dermis were decreased In the GMSG group as compared with DNCB group. 4. In the lymph node ,the distribution of CD4, CD8, IL-2R positive cell were decreased at the cortex and medula in the GMSG group as compared with DNCB group.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.357-364
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• 2006

This study was undertaken to develop a reliable mice model demonstrating similar immunologic phenomena as human atopic dermatitis characterized with predominance of type-2 immune response. BALB/C mice and NC/Nga mice were sensitized twice with $100{\mu}l$ of 1% 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) or vehicle (acetone : olive oil=4:1 mixture) in a week and challenged twice with $100{\mu}l$ of 0.2% DNCB or the vehicle at the following week. Mice were sacrificed at 19 days following the second DNCB or vehicle challenge for NC/Nga mice and at 28 days following the second DNCB or vehicle challenge for BALB/c mice. Upregulation of plasma 1gE, a hallmark of atopic dermatitis occurrence, was evident in the plasma obtained 4 day after the second DNCB challenge from BALB/c mice (approximately 4-fold) and NC/Nga mice (approximately 6-fold) treated with DNCB in comparison with that of the vehicle treated-control mice, and remain higher $3{\sim}4$ week after the second challenge. Ratio of plasma IgG1 versus IgG2a concentration was significantly higher in the mice treated with DNCB than the control mice, which also implies the skewed type-2 reactivity in vivo. Ratio of interleukin-4 versus interferon gamma produced in the splenic T cell culture supernatants was approximately 3-fold higher in the both strains of mice treated with DNCB than their control mice, respectively. The DNCB-treated mice demonstrated atopic dermatitis-like skin legions characterized with erythma, scaling, and hemorrhage, which was not observed with the control mice. Scratching on face or dorsal area was significantly more frequent (approximately 25-fold) in the DNCB-treated mice than the control at next day of the second DNCB challenge, and scratching frequency remains higher (approximately 4-fold) in the mice treated with DNCB than the control at 14 day following the second DNCB challenge. Overall, the mice model developed through sensitization and challenge with DNCB may be useful for research on atopic dermatitis and development of treatment materials for atopic dermatitis.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.117-128
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• 1997

특정 외부항원에 노출됨으로써 생기는 피부에서의 지연형 면역과민반응을 형태학적으로 조사하기위해서 시행된 본 실험은 DNCB에 의해 인위적인 알러지성 접촉피부염을 유발시킨 후 시간의 경과에 따른 피부의 일반적인 형태, 비만세포의 변화, IL-2 receptor의 변화를 관찰하였다. DNCB 2차감작 후 실시된 contact hypersensitivity assay 결과 대조군에 비해 DNCB 처리군에서는 ear swelling이 점점 증가하여 48시간에 가장 높게 측정 되었다. 피부 조직의 일반적인 형태변화도 DNCB접종 후 48시간에서 가장 심한 피부손상의 양상을 보였는데, 진피에서 림프구 aggregation의 증가, 혈관직경의 증가, 표피로의 림프구 infiltration 증가가 일어났다. Semithin section을 통해 관찰된 DNCB처리군의 미세구조의 변화는 표피세포질내 액포화의 증가와 세포사이공간의 확장이었다. 진피에서 비만세포 수가 증가되었으며, 그 형태는 분비과립을 함유하고 있는 degranulated type으로 나타났다. 피부 진피에서 IL-2 receptor 양성반응세포수가 증가되었으며, 표피로 infltration된 IL-2 receptor 양성반응세포가 48시간에서 가장 많이 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 DNCB 감작에 의해 세포성면역과민반응이 일어나며, 이후 면역관여세포들의 복합적인 작용에 의해 급격한 염증반응이 일어나게 된다.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.15.1-15.11
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• 2020

The present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of horse oil in 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-treated BALB/c mice. After the application of DNCB, the mice showed atopic dermatitis symptoms, including severe erythema, hemorrhage, and erosion, whereas those symptoms were alleviated by treatment with horse oil. To explain the anti-dermatitis effect of horse oil, the gene expression levels in the healing process in dorsal skin were observed using a cDNA microarray. The cDNA microarray analysis revealed that the expression levels of 30 genes related to the inflammation, including Ccr1, Ccr2, Ccl20, Anxa1, and Hc genes, were up-regulated (higher than 2.0-fold) in the DNCB group compared to the levels in the control group, whereas the levels were restored to the control level in the DNCB + horse oil-treated group. In contrast, the gene expression levels of 28 genes related to inflammation, including chemokine genes Ccl5, Ccl7, Ccl8, Cxcl10, and Cxcl13 genes, were down-regulated (lower than 0.5-fold) in the DNCB group compared to the levels in the control group, whereas the levels were restored to the control level in the DNCB + horse oil-treated group. Overall, the results show that horse oil restores the expression levels of genes related to inflammation that were perturbed by DNCB treatment.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2006

Objectives : Lonicerae Flos has been known as a useful plant with anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and immunosuppressive activity. To evaluate anti-inflammatory effect of Lonicerae Flos, we treated Lonicerae Flos-skin in animal model system induced contact hypersensitivity. Methods : Contact hypersensitivity, a local inflammatory response of the skin, was induced by spreading the right ear of BALB/c mouse with 1% DNCB. Lonicerae Flos-skin was prepared by dissolving 1% water extract of Lonicerae Flos in skin vehicle and treated everyday for 2 weeks on the right ear. Results : Lonicerae Flos-skin significantly reduced a mouse ear thickness swelled by 1% of DNCB treatment compared with skin vehicle-treated control group. Lonicerae Flos-skin also reduced IgG and IgE in serum obtained from blood of 1% DNCB-treated mouse. Conclusion : These results showed that Lonicerae Flos-skin could be used as a pharmaceutical material with antiinflammatory effects by reducing IgG and IgE in contact hypersensitivity mouse model by DNCB.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2009

Objectives : HRHDT has been known as a useful prescription with antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and immunosuppressive activity. To evaluate anti-inflammatory effect of HRHDT, we treated HRHDT-skin in Balb/c mice model induced contact hypersensitivity. Methods : Contact hypersensitivity, a local inflammatory respinse of skin, was induced by spreading the back skin of Balb/c mice with 1% DNCB. HRHDT-skin was prepared by dissolving 3% 1,3-butylene glycol extract of HRHDT in solution and treated 2 weeks on the back skin. Results: HRHDT-skin significantly reduced TEWL and erythema by 0.4-1% of DNCB treatment compared with control group. HRHDT-skin reduced IgE on serum obtained from blood of DNCB-treated Balb/c mice. Histopathological examination showed that thickening of the epidermis, hyperkeratosis and the infiltration of inflammatory cells were found in Balb/c mice under conventional circumstances. Conclusions : These results showed that HRHDT-skin could be used as a pharmaceutical material with antiinflammatory effects by reducing IgE in contact hypersensitivity dermatitis Balb/c mice by DNCB.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.119-133
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• 1998

본 실험은 황금이 Allergy성(性) 접촉피부염의 면역과민반응 및 염증반응에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해서 시행되었다. 실험을 위해 BALB/C계 생쥐를 DNCB 처리군과 DNCB 처리 후 황금추출액을 경구 투여한 황금추출물투여군(HGET군)으로 나누어 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB)를 도포하여 Allergy성(性) 접촉피부염을 유발한 뒤, 시간의 경과에 따라 contact hypersensitivity assay, 피부의 일반적인 구조, 혈관생성, 림프구를 비롯한 염증세포, sulfated acid mucosubstance, 비만세포, IL-2 R, ICAM-1 그리고 CD11b의 변화를 관찰하였다. Contact hypersensitivity assay에서 HEGT군은 DNCB처리군에 비해 유의성(有意性)있는 ear swellig의 감소를 보였다. 피부표피의 변화에서 HEGT군에서 DNCB처리군에 비해 감소된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 혈관생성, 림프구의 침투 및 표피 기저층과 가시층 세포의 손상은 HEGT군에서 DNCB처리군에 비해 감소된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 혈관생성, 림프구를 비롯한 염증세포, sulfated acid mucosubstance와 비만세포, IL-2 R 양성반응세포, ICAM-1 양성반응세포 그리고 CD11b 양성반응은 Allergy성(性) 접촉피부염의 면역과민반응억제와 항염증작용에 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.