• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.47-50
• /
• 2004

Diesel engines are the major sources of pollutants in the cities and each country is trying to enforce their emission regulations to reduce the diesel emissions. Expecially Commercial diesel engines have large displacement and they are the major sources of diesel emissions in the cities. This paper introduces the major countries' Diesel Engine Regulations and explains the emission reduction technologies that are currently applied and will be applied in the future.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.221-226
• /
• 2018

Despite the increasingly stringent automotive emissions regulations, the impact of vehicle emissions on air pollution remains large. In addition, since the issue of emission of more exhaust gas than the exhaust gas measured in the test room when the vehicle passing the exhaust gas regulation standard is run on the actual road, many countries studied and introduced gas regulations about Real Driving Emission using Portable Emission Measurement System. At present, Korea regulations restrict the number of NOx and PN in diesel vehicles. In the case of gasoline vehicles, there is no regulation on emission gas, but there is a problem of continuing automobile exhaust gas problems and a large amount of gasoline GDI vehicle's PN emission. So research and interest are increasing due to this problem. In this study, characteristics of exhaust gas depending on changes of ambient temperature were analyzed among various factors affecting exhaust gas measurement of gasoline vehicles. As a result, at the low temperature test, the lower the ambient temperature, the more the exhaust gas was emitted. At ordinary temperature test, no specific tendency was observed due to changes of ambient temperature.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.127-134
• /
• 2006

In Korea, the number of recreational vehicle (RV) has been increased dramatically recent year. Now there are emission regulations for RV which include pollutants such as CO, HC, NOx, PM. However considering the trend of preferring RV, there needs more strict strategies to control emissions from this type of vehicle. For that reason, we studied emission characteristics of RV and provided basic emission data to evaluate the contribution of RV to the total air pollutant emissions and to establish RV emission management plan. A total of 21 RV were tested on the chassis dynamometer system ranging from small to large engine displacement by vehicle speed, fuel types, regulations and fuel efficiency in order to investigate the characteristics of CO, HC, NOx and PM. For the test modes, 10 different driving speed modes and CVS-75 mode were used. On the basis of this study, RV pollutants emission factors and management strategies will be proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2018.05a
• /
• pp.35-36
• /
• 2018

According to the nation's greenhouse gas emission statistics, greenhouse gas emissions have been stiffly increasing. Accordingly, the importance of CO₂ reduction is more getting focused over the world. This trend makes the construction equipment be considered as a major target of reduction due to the large volume of emission. This study suggests the feasible methodology for estimating CO₂ emission from construction equipment and for being easily applied on the job sites. The methodology is based on the collection from the segmented CO₂ emission information of construction equipment. This study allows site personnels to estimate the total amount of CO₂ and to take appropriate actions for reasching the environmental regulations.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.287-296
• /
• 2017

Although emission regulations have been gradually strengthened in the past decade, the road transport section remains the most important source of NOx emission in air pollution. One reason is that there has been an increase in the proportion of diesel vehicles and in the volume of traffic. In addition, the certification procedure for standard emission limit does not sufficiently reflect real traffic condition and various driving patterns. Therefore, the European Commission(EC) has recently come up with the RDE-LDV(Real driving emissions-light duty vehicle) regulations, and the Ministry of Environment in Korea has been conducting research on evaluating RDE-LDV with PEMS(Portable Emission Measurement Systems). According to the trip requirements of the 2nd RDE package announced by the EC, the objectives of the present study include the development of Korean RDE routes to reflect domestic traffic and road conditions. Based on the results, both RDE routes are in correct compliance with RDE-LDV regulations, including trip requirements and trip dynamics. KOR-NIER Route 1, in particular, has a higher driving load in rural driving with regard to excessive gradient of elevation compared to KOR-NIER Route 2, including relatively plane rural driving.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.223-236
• /
• 2016

On-road source emissions are major air pollutants and have been associated with serious health effects in Seoul metropolis. Thus, it is of fundamental importance to have an accurate assessment of vehicle emissions in order to implement an effective air quality management policy. As a result, there is a need to overview vehicle emission characteristics of air pollutants. This article discusses vehicle exhaust sampling and chemical analysis, emission characteristics of air pollutants, and emission regulations from passenger cars. The vehicle exhaust sampling and chemical analysis methods were described in particulate matter and gaseous compounds. In this article, chassis dynamometer, measurement instrumentation for nano-particulate matter and carbon compounds analysis device were described. For the gasoline and diesel vehicles, the effective parameters of emissions were average vehicle speed, vehicle mileage and model year. The particle number emissions for diesel nano-particles were sensitive to the sampling conditions. Also, the particle number emissions with a diesel particle filter (DPF) largely reduced rather than those without it. This article also describes different emission characteristics of air pollutants according to biodiesel or bioethanol mixing ratio. The Korean emission standards for passenger cars were compared with those of the US and EU. Finally, the objective is to give an overview of relevant background information on emission characteristics of air pollutants from passenger cars in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.225-236
• /
• 2004

Diesel engines which emit a lot of PM and NOx have been known as a main air polluter. Especially, diesel particulate matters (OPM) including black smoke are hazardous air pollutants to human health and environment. The nations retaining advanced engine technologies have reinforced emission regulations. To meet these regulations diesel engine manufacturers have developed low-emission diesel engines, aftertreatment equipments, alternative fuel technologies and so on. In this study, particle number concentrations characteristics according to particle size and engine driving conditions were analyzed when these low-emission technologies were applied. There was a tendency of increasing particle number concentrations from heavy-duty diesel engines with increasing engine rpm and load rate. In the cases of COPF (Catalytic Diesel Particulate Filter), CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) engine and ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel) more than 99% of particle number concentration were removed.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 1989

This short report describes the trend of exhaust emission control of the diesel engine vehicles in Korea, which originally was motivated from the newly proposed Emission Control Regulation of Diesel Engine Vehicles possible to be activated in 1991 by Korean Environmental Protection Agency. This short survey report has been prepared by the special working group of The Korea Society of Automotive Engineers (KSAE) on this particular subject. This report includes (1) estimation of portions of contribution of diesel engine vehicle emission to total air pollution, (2) comparison of proposals of new articles/regulations/laws in Korea with those of other selected countries such as USA, European countries, and Japan, (3) comparison of vehical emission control regulations in Korea with those in other selected countries, (4) technical aspects of possibilities of reduction of diesel engine vehicle emissions, (5) additional administrational aspects of technology development program, (6) social impact resulted from the severe emission control regulation on diesel engine vehicles, and (7) proposals, prepared by the special working group of the KSAE, on the emission control regulation of diesel engine vehicles, which can possibly bring better cleaner air released from the air pollution resulted from diesel engine exhaust emissions in real sense with minimal financial contribution, with optimal technological efforts, with less social impacts, within five to ten year period.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.536-544
• /
• 2013

Even a small amount of hazardous air pollutants could have a harmful influence upon human beings, animals and plants. Hazardous air pollutants have the properties of toxicity, canceration and organism accumulation. They include heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxin, etc. The Clean Air Conservation Act has defined specific hazardous air pollutants and designated 35 pollutants, distinguishing them from common air pollutants for special control. This study investigates the history of the controls of specific hazardous air pollutants with reference to some relevant laws and regulations in Korea. It investigates the regulations at the permission stage, such as the restrictions on installation of emission facilities, the permission and reporting of installation of emission facilities, and the regulations at the operation stage, such as maintaining permissible emission levels, installation of measuring devices, dues for emission, self-measurement and securing environmental engineers. The current regulatory management is not so satisfactory in regards to the serious effects of specific hazardous air pollutants upon the human body. An advanced new concept, like the maximum available control technology in US, the facilities management standards, which will soon take effect, will be able to lessen the emissions of fugitive hazardous air pollutants. In addition, this study discusses some possible stricter controls on the emission facilities of specific hazardous air pollutants and proposes some measures to maintain and supplement the current systems.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.130-138
• /
• 2015

Despite of recently strengthened vehicle emission regulations, NOx emissions are not decreased in urban areas because of discrepancies between certification emission test modes and real driving conditions. Thus, researches on RDE-LDV (Real-driving Emission-Light-duty Vehicle) have been conducted actively using PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement Systems). In the present study, NOx emissions were measured for 5 Korean light duty vehicles for real driving conditions including city, combined, highway, and up-downhill test route. Emission characteristics were analyzed for averaged NOx emissions per unit driving distance of each driving test routes. Furthermore, MAW (Moving Average Window) method based on $CO_2$ emissions from WLTC, which will be supported for EU regulations, was utilized. It was revealed that DRs (deviation ratios) for diesel vehicles (i.e., 5.1 ~ 8.4) were greater than gasoline vehicles (less than 0.15). Especially DR of diesel vehicle for up-downhill test route was 8.4, which indicates severe NOx emissions.