• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.3 s.134
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• pp.206-209
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• 2003

The fruit of Evodia officinalis (Rutaceae) is known for containing a number of indoloquinazoline and quinoline type alkaloids. Evodiamine, evocarpine and rutaecarpine are the major constituents of Evodiae Fructus. These alkaloids were isolated and determined by forming complex compounds from Evodiea Fructus. For the determination of these alkaloids, a new spectrophotometric method was developed with a simple and selective sample clean-up using thiocyanatocobaltate [II] complex ion. The absorbance of alkaloidal complex in 1.2-dichloroethane solution was measured at 625 nm. A calibration curve for the alkaloids isolated from Evodia Fruit was linear over the concentration range of $1.0{\sim}6.0\;mg/ml$. The method proved to be rapid, simple and reliable for the isolation and the determination of the alkaloids in Evodiae Fructus.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.102-105
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• 2005

Eighteen methanol extracts of herb-medicine used for malarial and antipyretic therapies in Korea were assessed for their antimalarial activities. Eighteen extracts showed evident antimalarial activity with $EC_50$ values ranged from $2.8\;to\;110mg/m{\ell}$. Evodia fructus showed the antimalarial activity of $EC_50\;=\;4.1\;mg/m{\ell}$ and higher selective toxicity(>8) with no cytotocixity for mammalian cells. This indicated that Evodia fructus is potent for a new effective and safe antimalarial agent. The methanol extract of Physalli radix had also strongest antiplasmodial activity with $EC_50$ value of $2.8{\mu}g/m{\ell}$.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 1997

From the Evodiae Fructus, four flavonoids were isolated and identified as cacticin, limocitrin $3-0-{\beta}-D-galactoside$, hyperin and diosmin by means of chemical and spec-troscopic methods.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.149-153
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• 1977

Evodia daniellii $H_{EMSLEY}$ (Rutaceae) is cultivated in Korea and used as a folkmedicine for gastric inflammation, extermination of noxious insects, headache and antiinflammatory. The seed oil of this plant also has been used in various diseases, for example, dermatitis, scabies and so forth. Fructus Evodiae seed oil sterols were obtained from the nonsaponifiable matters of ethereal extract of the seed. The composition of sterols have been determined by gas liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography on the preparative plates. It was noted that ${\beta}-sitosterol$ was the major sterols in the Evodia daniellii $H_{EMSLEY}$ in Korea. The results showed that contents of Evodia daniellii $H_{EMSLEY}$ sterols were campesterol 14.01%, stigmasterol 4.36%, ${\beta}-sitosterol$ 71.26%, ${\delta}^7-sterol$ 9.21% and unknown sterol 1.16% by method of triangulation and campesterol 13.02%, stigmasterol 3.87%, ${\beta}-sitosterol$ 74.34%, ${\delta}^7-sterol$ 8.67% and unknown sterol 1.85% by method of planimetry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.400-405
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• 2020

Evodiae Fructus is the dried unripe fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa, and has traditionally been used for treating stomachache and diarrhea. Evodiamine and rutaecarpine, the major biologically active compounds of Evodiae Fructus, are reported to have anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as inhibit proliferation and metastasis of various cancer cells. The current study investigates the anti-oxidative and anti-cancer effects of the Evodiae Fructus extract, considering varying concentrations of methanol extraction (40, 80, and 95%). High contents of total phenolic compounds were determined in the order of extracts 80, 95, and 40%. Evaluating contents of the 95, 80, and 40% extracts revealed 36.77, 7.29, and 1.86 ㎍/mg evodiamine, respectively, and 53.02, 17.16, and 3.79 ㎍/mg rutaecarpine, respectively, with the highest content of both compounds obtained in the 95% extract. DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed to be inversely proportional to the contents of total phenolic compounds, with decreasing SC₅₀ values obtained in the order 80, 95, and 40% extract. The 95 and 80% extracts exerted toxicity to AGS gastric cancer cells, but the 40% extract was non-toxic. Evodiamine is a known anti-cancer agent, and could be responsible for the observed toxicity. Cleavage of PARP, and Caspase-3, -7, -8 and -9 was observed in the 95% extract-treated AGS cells, indicating that cell toxicity exerted by the 95% extract could be attributed to apoptosis.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.122-126
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• 2012

The MeOH extract of Evodiae Fructus exhibited a significant inhibition on the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), in a dose dependent manner, respectively. The extensive bioactivity-guided fractionation process with the MeOH extract finally isolated four compounds, as rutaecarpine (1), evodiamine (2), limonin (3) and dehydroevodiamine (4). Among them, compound 2 exhibited specific inhibitory activity on BChE with the $IC_{50}$ values 1.7 ${\mu}g/ml$, whereas compound 4 showed the potent inhibition upon both AChE and BChE.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.32 no.2 s.125
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• pp.98-102
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• 2001

Evodiae Fructus has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastro- intestinal disorders, headache and migraine, and as a cardiotonic and analgesic. For the quality control of this crude drug, evodiamine was isolated from the methylene chloride extract of Evodia officinalis (Rutaceae) and identified by the spectroscopic evidences. A quantitative analysis of evodiamine using HPLC method exhibited that the average contents of evodiamine were $0.84{\pm}0.60%$ in 53 samples collected throughout the various regions of Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.16 no.1 s.26
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• pp.57-63
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• 1980

The Pharmacologic action of ethanol extracts and essential substance obtained from fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa are studied. 1) Motility of the isolated rabbit-intestine was decreased in proportion to the concentration of essential substance. 2) Intestinal contraction induced by acetylcholine 10? 6g/ml was inhibited by the essential substance $10^{-5}g/ml$. 3) Contractile responses of the isolated rabbit-intestine by serotonin $10^{-5}g/ml$ and histamine $10^{-5}g/ml$ were depressed significantly with the essential substance $10^{-5}g/ml$. 4) Alpha adrenergic receptor blocking effect of dihydroergotamine was interfered significantly with the essential substance. 5) Analgesic effect in mice by acetic acid stimulating method was observed significantly with both of the ethanol extracts and essential substance. 6) Blood pressure and respiration of the rabbits were not significantly influenced with the essential substance.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.316-322
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• 2019

Helicobacter pylori, a gram-negative bacterium, is one of the risk factors that induces gastritis and gastric cancer. Therefore, much attention has been paid to the compounds that inhibit bacterial growth or eradicate bacteria. Evodiae fructus (EF), the fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa, has been used for treating diarrhea and abdominal pain. EF extract was already found to inhibit the growth of H. pylori. However, to the best of our knowledge, the effect of EF on the virulence factors of H. pylori has not been reported. In this study, when comparing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the different methanol concentration extracts, the 95% methanol extract (EF95) showed the lowest MIC value. EF95 extract suppressed the expressions of cagA, vacA and ureB, but interestingly, it up-regulated the expression of ureA. A decrease in production of ammonia in the culture medium and the cell lysates indicated that EF95 inhibited the urease activity in H. pylori, which was the result of EF95 inhibiting the ureB expression. Although the mechanism by which EF95 extract regulates the virulence factors in H. pylori needs further study, EF95 could be used for treatment of gastric troubles induced by H. pylori.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.265-272
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• 2006

Acne is a chronic inflammatory follicular disorder of the skin, occurring in specialized pilosebaceous units on the face, and Propionibacterium acnes, a strict anaerobic pathogen, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acne. To develop a reliable and effective anti-acne agent, we have evaluated antibacterial activity of 500 plant extracts, prepared from 335 plants, against P. acnes. Based on the results of disc-paper method, 25 plant extracts, including the extracts of Chloranthus japonicus (aerial part), Sophora flavescens (radix), Evodia officinalis (fructus), Ginko biloba (semem), Morus alba (root bark), Aralia continentalis (whole) and Reynoutria elliptica (radix), were selected as possible sources of anti-acne agent. Among them, the extract of S. flavescens (radix) was finally selected and kuraridin and kurarinone were identified as major active compounds of S. flavescens. These results suggested that medicinal and wild plants could be the potential source of anti-acne agent.