• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.688-695
• /
• 2010

The aim of this study is to examine the change of Electroencephalogram (EEG) and concentration by practicing acupressure at the GB20 on normal humans. We selected 36 children and divided them into GB20 group and SP6 group. Electrode was measured in Fp1 and Fp2, and EEG was measured before and after practicing acupressure at the GB20 and SP6. Sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.043). M-$\beta$ wave increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.022). H-$\beta$ wave increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.040). $\gamma$ wave increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.021). $(SMR+M-\beta)/\Theta$ ratio increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.023). $\beta/\Theta$ ratio increased significantly at the GB20 group (p=0.020). On the other hand, $\alpha$ and $\Theta$ wave did not have significant changes. Through this experiment, we conclude that acupressure at the GB20 on normal humans could increase the ability of concentration.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.13-25
• /
• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate acupoints and muscles used for cosmetic acupuncture. We want most clinicians practicing cosmetic acupuncture to understand theoretical background well and to treat cosmetic diseases more diversely by this paper. Methods : We collected useful informations from some books and websites about cosmetic acupuncture and thus could select major acupoints and muscles. Conculsions : The most frequently used acupoints for cosmetic acupoints are as follows ; LI20, ST1, ST2, ST3, ST4, ST5, ST6, ST7, ST8, SI18, SI19, BL1, BL2, BL3, BL4, TE17, TE18, TE19, TE20, TE21, TE22, TE23, GB1, GB2, GB3, GB4, GB5, GB6, GB7, GB8, GB13, GB14, GV20, GV21, GV22, GV23, GV24, GV25, GV26 and CV24. And head and neck muscles including SCM muscle, plastyma, frontalis, corrugator supercilii, orbicularis oculi, auricularis, temporalis, masseter, pterygoid, zygomaticus and risorius can be used for cosmetic acupuncture. Most acupoints and muscles are located in face and head, which seemed to be concerned with formation of face wrinkles.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
• /
• v.44 no.8
• /
• pp.22-29
• /
• 2007

A 2.5Gb/s 2:1 multiplexer(MUX) IC using $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS was designed and fabricated. Inductive peaking technology was used to improve the performance. On-chip micro spiral inductor was designed to maximize the inductive peaking effect without increasing the chip area much. The designed 4.7 nH micro-spiral inductor was $20\times20{\mu}m2$ in size. 2:1 MUX with and without micro spiral inductors were compared. The rise and fall time was improved more than 23% and 3% respectively using the micro spiral inductors for 1.25Gb/s signal. For 2.5 Gb/s signal, fall and rise time was improved 5.3% and 3.5% respectively. It consumed 61mW and voltage output swing was 1$180mV_{p-p}$ at 2.5Gb/s.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.80-98
• /
• 2024

Edible insects, such as the two-spotted cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus, GB), have high nutritional value but are not widely consumed because of their appearance and smell. Consequently, the development of foods containing these insects in less recognizable forms, e.g., flour-like powders, has drawn considerable attention. Herein, we investigated the quality characteristics of muffins prepared from wheat flower supplemented with fresh ginseng (5%) and GB (0, 10, 20, and 40%) powders. GB loading was negatively correlated with muffin volume, height, moisture content, and textural properties (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness) and positively correlated with crude protein content and antioxidant properties. Significant (p<0.05) color differences were observed between samples with different GB loadings. The contents of hexanal and nonanal, which are the major volatiles responsible for off-flavor, increased with increasing GB loading, and the number of volatiles maximized at 40% GB. Sensory preference decreased in the order of 0% GB>10% GB≈ 20% GB>40% GB. Based on these results, a GB loading of 20% offered the best trade-off between attractiveness and nutritional value. Thus, this study promotes the widespread use of GB in the food industry and the development of various edible-insect-based food products.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.76-91
• /
• 2002

The lipid lowering and antioxidant effects of Gansoo(BL18), Pungji(GB20) and Eumnungcheun(SP9) acupuncture in rats fed high fat diet were analyzed in biochemical and molecular biological aspects. The results obtained from this study are as follows : 1. In the body weight reduction, all acupuncture groups showed a high reduction compared to those of control group and in acupuncture groups, Gansoo(BL18) and Pungji(GB20) acupuncture groups showed a high reduction. 2. The concentration of plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol with acupuncture groups showed a little decrease and in acupuncture groups, Gansoo(BL18) and Pungji(GB20) groups showed a low values compared to those of other acupuncture groups. However, the tendency of HDL-cholesterol concentration showed no significant different. 3. The concentration of plasma ${\beta}-lipoprotein$ and free fatty acids showed a lowest values in the Gansoo(BL18) and Pungji(GB20) acupuncture groups and the glucose concentration showed to decrease in all treated acupuncture groups. 4. The concentration of liver total cholesterol and triglyceride in Gansoo(BL18) and Pungji(GB20) acupuncture groups showed a lower values than those of control group. 5. In all the acupuncture groups, the plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT) activity showed a little decrease. In the glutamic pyruvate activity(GPT), Gansoo(BL18) and Pungji(GB20) acupuncture groups showed a lower values than those of control groups. However the values of eumneungcheun acupuncture only group showed no significant difference to those of control group. 6. The plasma and liver Thiobabituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentration in Gansoo(BL18) and Pungji(GB20) acupuncture groups were a lower than those of control group. However the values of eumneungcheun acupuncture group showed no significant difference to control group. 7. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in Gansoo(BL18) acupuncture group and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in Gansoo(BL18) and Pungji(GB20) acupuncture groups showed a high values. The catalase (CAT) activity in all the acupuncture groups showed a higher values than those of control group. 8. In acupuncture groups, DNA expression of Apo-B and Apo-E showed a tendency to decrease, however DNA expression of leptin showed no significant difference in all treatment groups. DNA expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$ showed a increase in acupuncture groups. These results indicate that Gansoo(BL18) and Pungji(GB20) (especially Gansoo(BL18)) acupuncture affect the lipid metabolism and showed possibility of lowering adipose tissue mass and lipid peroxidation.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.75-80
• /
• 2004

In an attempt to develop effective biocontrol system for management of stem rot disease in groundnut, 57 bacterial isolates and 13 isolates of Trichoderma spp. were evaluated for their antagonistic activity against Sclerotium rolfsii. The antagonists were selected based on their ability to inhibit the external growth of S. rolfsii from infected groundnut seeds. Four isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens, GB 4, GB 8, GB 10 and GB 27, and T. viride pq 1 were identified as potent antagonists of S. rolfsii. T. viride pq 1 produced extracellular chitinase and parasitized the mycelium of S. rolfsii. Under controlled environment conditions, P. fluorescens GB 10, GB 27, T. viride pq 1 and the systemic fungicide Thiram(equation omitted) reduced the mortality of S. rolfsii inoculated to groundnut seedlings by 58.0％, 55.9％, 70.0％ and 25.9％, respectively compared to control. In vitro growth of P. fluorescens GB 10 and GB 27 was compatible with T. viride pq 1 and Thiram(equation omitted). Integrated use of these two bacterial isolates with T. viride pq 1 or Thiram(equation omitted) improved their biocontrol efficacy. Combined application of either GB 10 or GB 27 with T. viride pq 1 was significantly effective than that with Thiram(equation omitted) in protecting groundnut seedlings from stem rot infection.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2008

Objectives and Methods : The present study was to investigate the change of acupuncture point location of gallbladder meridian in head by way of reviewing classical literatures. Result and Conclusions : 1. The locations of acupuncture points closed-by anatomical marks such as GB1, GB2, GB3, GB11, GB12, GB19, GB20 are clear and accurate. 2. The expression of acupuncture points' locations of GB4, GB5, GB6, GB8 and GB10 are obscure in classical literature, but their locations became clear and objective in recent literatures. 3. The locations of GB9 and GB13 are open to dispute but WHO standard acupuncture point seems to be resonable. 4. In classical literature, the length from the midpoint of the anterior hairline to the midpoint of the posterior hairline is 12 B-cun, and the length from the midpoint of the anterior hairline to the GB19 is 5 cun, 5.5 cun or 6.5 cun. We presume that the length from GB15 to GB19 might have been measured by F-cun.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.134-139
• /
• 2004

A clock recovery circuit for a 40 Gb/s optical receiver has been designed and implemented. The clock recovery circuit consists of pre-amplifiers, a nonlinear circuit with diodes, a bandpass filter and a clock amplifier. Before implementing the 40 Gb/s clock recovery circuit, a 10 Gb/s clock recovery circuit has been successfully implemented and tested. With the 40 Gb/s clock recovery circuit, when a 40 Gb/s signal of -10 dBm was applied to the input of the circuit, the 40 GHz clock was recovered with the -20 dBm output power after passing through the nonlinear circuit. The output signal from the nonlinear circuit passes through a narrow-band filter, and then amplified. The implemented clock recovery circuit is planned to be used for the input of a phase locked loop to further stabilize the recovered clock signal and to reduce the clock jitter.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.42 no.5
• /
• pp.310-314
• /
• 2009

Globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4) are the proposed functional receptors for Shiga toxin (Stx). To elucidate the effect of Gb3 content on Stx-induced cytotoxicity in HeLa cells, we cloned HeLa cells and determined the correlation between glycolipids content and Stx-induced cytotoxicity. The 29 HeLa cell clone (HLCC) lines used showed a wide range of sensitivity to Stx, compared to Gb3-rich cells which were more sensitive, showing as little as 20% viability to 100 pg/ml Stx. In contrast, Gb3-deficient cells proved resistant as they were more than 80% viable to 100 ng/ml Stx. Gb3 content in the HLCC lines corresponded with Stxs-induced cytotoxicity as well as Gb3 synthase expression, but no correlation with Gb4 content was noted. These data show that Gb3 content, which is regulated by the expression of Gb3 synthase, determines the sensitivity of HeLa cells toward Stx.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.9-27
• /
• 2003

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the effects of electro-acupuncture(EA) at the SP6(Sameumgyo)-GB39(Hyeonjong) on normal human EEG using power spectral analysis. Methods : EEG power spectrum exhibit site-specific and state-related differences in specific frequency bands. In this study, power spectrum was used as a measure of complexity(LAXTHA Co., KOREA). 30 channel EEG study was carried out in 20 subjects $(20\;males;\;age=21.4{\pm}0.5\;years)$. Results : In $\alpha$(alpha) band, the power values at F4 channels(p<0.05) during the SP6-GB39 acupoints treatment was significantly increased. But, the power values at Fz channel during the non-acupoint treatment was significantly decreased . In $\beta$(beta) band, the power values at Fz, FTC1, T3 channels(p<0.05) was significantly increased during the SP6-GB39 acupoints treatment. In $\delta$(delta) band, the power values at F4, C3, Cz, CP1, Pz channels(p<0.05) during SP6-GB39 acupoints treatment were significantly decreased.