• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.183-187
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• 1988

37세의 여자 환자가 halothane 마취로 개심술후 14일에 고열, 황달등이 발생하여 급성 간염으로 진단을 받아 치료하던 중 19일째 사망한 예로 급성간염의 원인이 수혈에 의한 virus성 간염과 halothane에 의한 간염, 기타 약제나 수술의 특수조작에 의한 간염 인가를 대조 검토하였으나 정확한 원인을 규명할 수는 없었다.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.21-39
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• 1974

Certain metabolic aspects of halothane's cardiac depressant action on the contractility of the myocardium were elucidated from a sudy of the effect of pyruvate on halothane-depressed rat atria. Approximately 6 mg% halothane was required to maintain a 50% depression of the contractility of rat atria suspended in a modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate glucose medium, pH 7.4, $30^{\circ}C$ for a 2 hr. period. Pyruvate was found to restore partially the contractility of halothane-depressed atria. The maximally effective concentration of pyruvate was 2.5 mM. There was minimal pyruvate effect on the force of contraction of control atria. The effect of pyruvate on halothane-depressed atria was shown to be due to the pyruvate and not the sodium ion of the sodium pyruvate. Pyruvate was found to produce no increase in the contractility of atria depressed by hypertonic medium, but caused a further depression. Selected aspects regarding the action of halothane on glucose metabolism in myocardial cells are discussed. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that at least a part of the negative inotropic action of halothane is due to an inhibition of glucose uptake or utilization in the glycolytic pathway.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 1974

Further elucidation of the mechanism of halothane's negative inotropic action has resulted from a study of the effect of various substrates on halothane-depressed rat atria. Approximately 6 mg% halothane was required to maintain a 50% depression of the contractility of rat atria suspended in a modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate glucose medium, pH 7.4, $30^{\circ}C$ for 2hr. Both lactate and acetate were found to restore partially the contractility of halothane-depressed atria. The maximally effective concentration of lactate was 5 mM; for acetate it was 2.5mM. Neither 5 nor 20 mM of additional glucose was effective in restoring the force of contraction of halothane-depressed atria. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that halothane exerts at least a part of its negative inotropic effect on rat atria by inhibiting either the uptake or utilization of glucose by the myocardium. The site of blockade must be prior to the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA. In our previous report dealing with the mechanism of cardiac depressant action of inhalation anesthetic halothane, it has been demonstrated that: 1) approximately 6 mg/100 ml halothane is required to maintain 50% depression of the force of contraction of isolated rat atria in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate glucose medium; 2) pyruvate partially restores the contractility of halothane-depressed atria, but has no effect on normal atria; the partial recovery of depressed atria by the addition of sodium pyruvate is due to the effect of the pyruvate ion itself, not to the sodium ion; 4) addition of pyruvate, to atria depressed with hypertonic medium, produced only further depression. From these findings we concluded that the cardiac depressant action of halothane on rat atria is a manifestation of inhibition of glucose uptake or utilization. The present studies were undertaken to observe the effect of other substrates on halothane-depressed atria in order to substantiate our conclusion. As with the case of pyruvate, lactate and acetate also partially restored the force of contraction of halothane-depressed atria. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that halothane inhibits glucose uptake or utilization in the glycolytic cycle of the myocardium.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-3
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• 1975

The effects of halothane and pentobarbital sodium anaesthesia in implantation and maintenance of pregnancy were compared in the rabbit ovariectomized the day after insemination and given steroid replacement therapy. The result has shown that halothane anaesthesia did not favour the overall process of implantation or foetal development, compared with pentobarbital sodium.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.315-320
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• 1994

General anesthesia is necessary to operation in dept. of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Halothane is one of the most commonly used anesthetic agent for general anesthesia because of its property of nonexplosive, inexpensive, strong activeness and chemical stability. Halothane is fluorinated hydrocarbone anesthetic agent and structurally similiar to chloroform. On the contrary halothane has been reported to result in severe hepaitc necrosis in a small number of individuals. Although the mechanism of halothane induced toxic hapatitis is unclear, it appears to be closely related to reducting metabolite, reactant intermediate product, immune reaction, hypersensitivity and so on. This is a case report of 27 years old male patient occured halothane induced hepatitis following after operation of mandible fracture.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.407-417
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• 1994

Present experiments were undertaken for the purpose of clarifying the effect of repeated halothane anesthesia on the liver and kidney function. Nine mongrel dogs were divided into three groups. The group one dogs were anesthesized once(control group) and the other two groups twice and trice respectively on 10th day of previous anesthesia experimental groups. Hematological examinations and blood chemical assays were undertaken during the period from one hour to 10 days after the anesthesia. From these experiments fellowing results were obtained; 1. No significant changes of erythrocyte count were recognized in both the control and experimental groups after the halothane anesthesia. 2. The total leukocyte counts of experimental groups showed significant decrease on one hour and subsequent increases after the anesthesia. 3. No significant changes were observed in SGOT, SGPT, ALP, BUN and serum glucose values in both the control and experimental groups. 4. The total serum protein values showed a tendency to decrease on the first hour of halothane anesthesia in both the control and experimental groups. From these results it may be concluded that the repeated halothane anesthesia done 10th day of previous anesthesia do not affect the liver and kidney function in dogs.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.11-14
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• 1971

In an attempt to observe possible effects of ether and halothane anesthesia on the protein contents of the lung and liver of rabbits, the animal was subjected to the moderato anesthesia with either ether or halothane by non-rebreathing system for one hour, and the protein content of the lung and liver was measured by the method of Lowry et at. using Folin-phenol reagent. The comparison was made with the protein content from the normal rabbits, and the following results were obtained. l) The protein contents of the lung and liver of the normal rabbit were $45.0{\sim}11.5\;mg/gm$ wet wt. and $100.4{\sim}15.1\;mg/gm$ wet wt. respectively. 2) In the ether or halothane anesthesized group, the protein contents of the lung were $57.2{\sim}13.3\;and\;60.3{\sim}7.2$ respectively. 3) In the anesthesia groups with ether and halothane, the protein contents of the liver were $103.4{\sim}10.0\;and\;90.1{\sim}13.0$ respectively. 4) No significant difference in the protein contents of the lung and liver was observed after ether or halothane anesthesia comparing with the normal.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.2087-2092
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• 2009

We performed molecular dynamics simulations on dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine lipid bilayer with 50 mol% halothane. The structural properties, electron density profile, segmental order parameter of acyl chains, headgroup orientation distribution, water dipole orientation distribution, have been examined. Overall the effects of the halothane molecules on structural properties of DMPC lipid bilayer were found to be small. The electron density profiles, the segmental order parameter, the headgroup orientation, the water dipole orientation were not affected significantly by the halothane molecules. Pressure tensor calculations shows that the lateral pressure increases at the hydrocarbon tail region and the headgroup region, and decreases at the water-headgroup interfacial region.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.841-846
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• 2003

Halothane 검정에 의한 L(Landrace) 및 Lw (Largewhite)의 halothane 양성돈 출현율은 각각 5.8, 6.6 %로 두 품종간에 큰 차이가 없었으며 음성과 양성돈의 중간반응을 나타내는 의양성돈은 20.5 %의 출현율을 보인 L과 Lw의 13.2 %에 비해 높았으나 음성돈 출현율은 L 및 Lw가 각각 76.1, 80.1 %로 Lw가 약간 높았다. hal-gene 분석결과는 L품종만이 hetro형이 출현하였을 뿐 전 조사 품종에서 halothane 양성돈은 나타나지 않았다. 품종별 pH1은 KNP (Korean Native Pig)가 L, Lw 및 H(Hybrid)에 비해 약간 높았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. pHu는 KNP와 H가 Lw 및 L에 비해 유의 (p〈0.05)하게 높았으나 KNP와 H품종사이에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. NPPC 기준 육색은 L이 Lw 및 KNP에 비해 유의적(p〈0.05)으로 낮았고 H와는 유의차가 없었으며 CIE L*값 또한 같은 경향을 보여 L품종이 다른 품종보다 색깔이 창백한 고기를 생산할 기능성이 큰 것으로 사료되었다. 보수성은 재래종인 KNP가 H에 비해 유의적으로(p〈0.05)으로 높았으며 개량종인 Lw, L 및 H에서는 유의적인 차이가 없었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.491-499
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• 1999

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of dynamic parameters, such as correlation dimension $D_2,$ by comparing spectral electroencephalographic (EEG) parameters. These parameters are used to estimate the depth of halothane anesthesia as defined by the presence of body movement in response to a tail clamp. Six rats were used and each of them was exposed to halothane sequentially at the concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% for 30 min. A tail clamp was applied every five min and the movements were recorded at each concentration level. The spectral parameters and the dynamic parameters were derived from 20-sec and 10-sec segments, respectively, from the last 5-mins of EEG recording at each concentration level. Correlation coefficients between the parameters and the movements were calculated. Standardized values of three parameters, betaL power, median power frequency (MPF), and $D_2$ were derived by calculation based on the number of animals showing the movement in response to a tail clamp. The betaL power had the largest correlation coefficient to spontaneous movement and to the response to a tail clamp than any other band parameter. MPF had a better correlation with the movement than 90% spectral edge frequency. Among the dynamic parameters, $D_2$ on the parietal cortex had a better correlation with the movement. The level of deviation and variation of standardized $D_2,$ MPF, and betaL were significant (p<0.01). The order of deviation and variation was; betaL power > MPF > $D_2.$ The correlation dimension serves as a better index for the depth of halothane anesthesia defined in forms of a response to external stimulation.