• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2002

Histopathological changes and cadmium accumulations in the gills were investigated in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) exposed to 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 mg/1 cadmium (Cd) concentrations for 25 days. After 25 days of exposure. cadmium accumulations increased in each of the different exposure concentrations. Histopathological changes in the gills of curcian carp exposed to cadmium included the acidification of mucous cell, the terminal clubbing of lamellae, the hyperplasia of epitherial cell and the curved of secondary lamellae. The similar histopathological changes were observed once the accumulations of cadmium reached the similar levels found in the present study with the different exposure schemes. Also the acidification of mucous cell in gills appeared when cadmium accumulations reached 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g and more. These results suggested that histopathological changes in the gills, an appearance of mucous cell acidification. be used to estimate the relation between toxic effect and cadmium accumulations in the gills.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2001

Background: This study was undertaken to observe the functional changes of the hind limb and histopathological changes in the sciatic nerve after an injection of alcohol or phenol, which are commonly used neurolytic agents, highlighting the time of recovery. Methods: Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-300 g were used for the experiment. Histopathological changes under the electron microscope, were observed in the distal part of the sciatic nerve, into which 0.1 ml of alcohol or phenol was injected. This was severed in 3 rats of each group at 10 minutes, 1 hour, 24 hours, 3 days, 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks later. The functional changes in the hind limbs were observed for 6 weeks by noting their walking pattern. Results: Following the injection of alcohol or phenol into the right sciatic nerve, the right hind limb showed a severe pronounced motor weakness and obvious gait changes. About 2 weeks later, gradual improvement of gait changes began, and after 6 weeks, the motor weakness and gait changes were no longer perceptible in both groups. The findings of any histopathological change were similar in both alcohol or phenol groups. At 10 minutes after injection, destructive lesions were confined to the unmyelinated fibers and the myelin sheath of small the myelinated fibers. On the 3rd day and at 1 week, pathologic changes in axonal fibers and Schwann cells were in being phagocytized in spite of myelin restitution. From 2 to 4 weeks, axonal regeneration and remyelination appeared at the same time a myelin disintegration and axonolysis. At 6 weeks, neural regeneration was similar to that of the contralateral control group. Conclusions: These results suggest that functional and histopathological changes, after injection of neurolytics into the peripheral nerves, are quite similar in both alcohol and phenol groups. The progression of functional and histopathological changes become more obvious according to the time interval following the injection. Consequently, side effects that develop following the use of alcohol or phenol may begin to improve around the time that nerve regeneration occurs, i.e., two to four weeks later.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 1999

This study was undertaken to find out the effect of dropwort on histopathological changes of cadmium toxicity in mice. Thirty two mice of BALB/c strain were divided into a control group (A) and three experimental groups (B, C, D). Each group was consisted of four males and four females : group A received tap water and basal diet, group B received tap water and diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg of cadmium, group C received dropwort juice and diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg of cadmium, group D received dropwort juice and basal diet. All mice were dissected on the 35th day. Pathological changes in liver, kidney, spleen, heart, lung, stomach and muscle were observed. Group D showed no significant change as the control group. But group B showed many cytoplasmic vacuoles and necrosis of hepatocytes, glomerular swelling, and degeneration and necrosis of convoluted tubules in kidney, marked congestion and hemorrhage, and a large number of variably sized alveolar macrophages appearance in lung and swelling in some part of muscle fiber. On the other hand, group C showed a little convalescent changes and maintained their normal architectures in liver, kidney, lung and muscle.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.833-842
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• 1994

To elucidate the protective effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus-fermented milk against cadmium toxicity, the effects of administration of L acidophilus-fermented milk on hematological values and histopathological changes in cadmium-treated rats were investigated. The experimental rats were divided into 2 groups that were consisted of the one group administered with cadmium alone, and the other group administered with cadmium mixed with the fermented milk. Each group was orally administered with different doses of cadmium such as $1.7{\mu}g/g$ bw/day, $3.4{\mu}g/g$ bw/day, $6.8{\mu}g/g$ bw/day, and $13.6{\mu}g/g$ bw/day, respectively, for 1 to 8 weeks. Hematological values and enzyme activities, histopathological changes of kidney tissues were examined for the experimental groups. The values of RBC, WBC, and Hb in the groups administered with cadmium mixed with the fermented milk showed no significant differences to those of the groups administered with cadmium alone, but Hct showed significant reducing values. The activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in serum were significantly reduced than those of the groups administered with cadmium alone, at the low dose of cadmium treated groups. But alkaline phophatase(ALP) and lactate dehydorgenase(LDH) were significantly reduced at the high dose of cadmium treated groups. In histopathological study, a severe acute tubular necrosis of the convoluted tubules and distalation of tubules were showed in the groups administered with cadmium alone, but the kidney tissues of the groups administered with cadmium mixed with the fermented milk were similar to those of the normal group. In conclusion, the above results would suggest that L acidophilus-fermented milk has reducing effects on cadmium toxicity, at the low dose of cadmium administration.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2022

Background: Estrogen deficiency affects the structure and function of the salivary glands in women, leading to a decrease in salivary secretion and a change in the composition of saliva. Previous studies on changes in the salivary glands that cause estrogen deficiency have reported only partial results for the parotid and submandibular glands, and there are few comparative morphological studies of histological changes between the parotid and submandibular glands in ovariectomized rats (OVX) leading to estrogen deficiency. This study aimed to analyze the histopathological and histochemical changes in the parotid and submandibular salivary glands causing estrogen deficiency by using OVX, and to discuss the mechanism on these changes. Methods: The parotid and submandibular glands from sacrificed control and OVX groups were fixed with cold 4% paraformaldehyde in phosphate buffer (pH 7.2). The tissues were dehydrated using a series of graded ethyl alcohol and embedded in paraffin. For histopathological analysis, sections cut to a thickness of 6 to 7 ㎛ were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). For histochemical analysis, Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue (AB, pH 2.5), and PAS+AB (pH 2.5 and pH 1) staining was performed. Results: Histopathological analysis of OVX tissue showed that the parotid and submandibular salivary glands were broadly and clearly separated and divided into lobes. In OVX, acinar and ductal cells with condensed polymorphic or pyknotic nucleus, which are presumed to be characteristic of apoptotic cells, and degenerated cells with lipid deposition in cytoplasmic granules and ruptured membranes were increased. Histochemical analysis of OVX, confirmed an increase in the number and acidification of acinar secretory granules. Conclusion: Histopathological and histochemical changes and the effects of estrogen deficiency are more evident in the submandibular salivary gland than in the parotid gland.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.76-82
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• 2000

This study was undertaken to find out the effect of persimmon leaves on histopathological changes of cadmium toxicity in mice. Seventy two BALB/c mice of male were divided into a control group(A) and five experimental groups (B, C, D, E, F) : group A received tap water and basal diet, group B received tap water and diet supplemented with 3% persimmon leaves alone, group C received basal diet and 300 ppm cadmium, group D, E and F received basal diet supplemented with 1, 3% and 7% persimmon leaves and 300 ppm cadmium respectively. Cadmium dissolved in tap water was used, and the persimmon leaves were mixed with feed. All mice were dissected on the 84th day. Pathological changes in liver, kidney, cortical osseous tissue of femoral shaft, bone trabecular of femur, and epiphyseal cartilage plate of femur were observed. Group B showed no significant changes as the control group. But group C showed the unclearness of specific cells in liver, the loss of architecture and necrosis of hepatocyte, degeneration and necrosis of renal convoluted tubules, desquamation and vacuolization of the greater part of the renal tubular epithelium, marked thinning of the cortical osseous tissue in femoral shaft, reduction of cancellous bone volume and decreaswe of trabecular number, and marked thinning of epiphyseal cartilage plate in femur. On the other hand, persimmon leaves-treated group showed a little convalescent changes an maintained their normal architectures in liver, kidney, cortical osseous tissue of femoral shaft, bone trabecular of femur, and epiphyseal cartilage plate of femur.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.229-237
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• 1986

The present study was carried out to observe the histopathological changes of the intestinal structures of slaughtered pigs at the abattoir of Jinjoo city. The tissue samples of the ileum and cecum were taken from 114 slaughtered pigs in four seasons. The

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.70-75
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• 2000

This study was undertaken to find out the effect of lead on histopathological changes in rat. Thirty female Wistar rats, 7 weeks old, were divided into a control and two experimental groups. The control was received normal diet. The two experimental groups were received diets contaminated artificially with 10 or 5,000 ug/g of lead administration group, histopathological changes were observed in the kidney, liver, heat, brain and lung from the 4th week of experiment. Desquamation of renal epithelia and inclusion bodies in the epithelia of renal tubules were demonstrated in the kidneys. But the liver did not show acid-fast inclusion body. Degeneration of cardiac muscles were seen. The number of mast cells were increased in the cardiac muscles. Darkly stained neurons in the cerebral cortex, some inflammatory cells around meningeal vessels and distended Virchow-Robin spaces were observed.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제11권3_4호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1996

Histopathological changes of gills and caudal fins isolated from fishes, Cyprinus carpio, Carassius auratus, and Hernibarbus labeo, which were killed by oxygen deficiency or toxic chemicals, were studied. The toxic chemicals were HCl, NaOH, chloroform, benzene, heavy metals(Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb, Hg), and o-dichlorobenzene. The exposure level was enough to kill the fishes within 30 minutes. Oxygen deficient water was prepared by aeration of nitrogen gas and the oxygen concentration was less than l ppm. Cryocutting was used for the rapid preparation of tissue slides and the tissues were stained by hematoxylin/eosin. In the fishes killed by hazardous chemicals, congestion and/or hyperplasia of secondary lamella and erosion of fin were found as the major histopathological changes. Whereas, these characteristics were not observed in gills or caudal fins of fishes killed by oxygen deficiency. These different bioindications appeared in the fishes killed by toxic substances or natural causes, can be used for the rapid identification of the causes of fish kills.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.399-410
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• 2002

죽력의 투여에 따른 생쥐 간세포의 항산화효소 활성변화와 간과 신장의 조직병리학적 변화에 미치는 영향을 통하여 치료약물로써 죽력의 안전성 확보에 기여하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 대조군은 생리식염수를 투여하였으며, 실험군은 죽력을 생리식염수에 5% (H1군), 10% (H2군), 20% (H3군)로 희석하여 0.2 ml씩 48시간 간격으로 28일 동안 구강 투여하였다. 대조군과 실험군의 간조직을 절취하여 SOD와 catalase의 활성변화를 측정하였으며, 간과 신장의 조직학적변화 및 미세구조적 변화를 관찰하였다. MnSOD의 활성은 대조군에 비하여 H1 (46%, P<0.05), H2 (40%, P<0.05), H3군 (34%, P<0.05)에서 증가하였다 (Fig. 1). CuZnSOD의 활성은 대조군에 비하여 H1군 (11%, P<0.05)에서는 증가하였으나, H3군 (13%, P<0.05)에서는 감소하였다. Catalase의 활성은 대조군에 비하여 H1 (39%, P<0.05), H2 (34%, P<0.05), H3군 (31%, P<0.05)에서 감소하였다. 간과 신장의 조직병리학적 관찰 결과, H3군에서 간세포의 팽창과 중심정맥 내피세포의 파괴현상이 뚜렷이 나타났으며, 신장의 곱슬세관 상피세포의 파괴현상이 뚜렷하였다. H2군의 간세포는 핵질이 매우 응축되어 있었으며, 사립체의 팽대현상이 현저하였다. H3군은 핵질의 전자밀도가 매우 낮게 나타났다. 사립체의 내강은 매우 팽대되어 있고 크리스테의 형태는 관찰되지 않으면서 기질의 전자밀도는 낮게 나타났다. H3군 근위곱슬소관의 원주상피세포는 핵의 괴사가 뚜렷하였으며, 세포질내에서 관찰되는 사립체들은 대부분 팽대되거나 파괴된 양상을 보여주었다. 이상의 연구 결과로 보아 죽력은 투여 농도에 따라 간세포의 항산화효소 활성의 변화와 간과 신장의 조직 병리학적 변화를 초래한다고 생각된다.